Test Bank
Basic & Applied Concepts of Blood Banking and Transfusion Practices
5th Edition
by Paula R. Howard
,Table of Contents
6 6
Part I: Quality and Safety Issues
1. Quality Assurance and Regulation of the Blood Industry: Safety Issues in the Blood Bank…………………………….3 P
art II: Foundations: Basic Sciences and Reagents
2. Immunology: Basic Principles and Applications in the Blood Bank............................................................................ 8
3. Blood Banking Reagents: Overview and Applications .................................................................................................13
4. Genetic Principles in Blood Banking............................................................................................................................ 18
Part III: Overview of the Major Blood Groups
6
5. ABO and H Blood Group Systems and Secretor Status…...........................................................................................22
6. RhBloodGroupSystem….......................................................................................................................................... 26
7. Other Red Cell Blood Group Systems, Human Leukocyte Antigens, and Platelet Antigens………………………….30 P
art IV: Essentials of Pretransfusion Testing
8. Antibody Detection and Identification………… ……… ……… …… ……… …… ……… ……… …… ……… … ………34 9.
Compatibility Testing ........................................................................................................................................ 38
10. Blood Bank Automation for Transfusion Services… ................................................................................................ 44
6
Part V: Clinical Considerations in Immunohematology
6
11. AdverseComplicationsofTransfusions .................................................................................................................... 46
12. Hemolytic Disease ofthe Fetus and Newborn… ........................................................................................................ 50
6
Part VI: Blood Collecting and Testing
13. Donor Selectionand Phlebotomy............................................................................................................................... 55
14. Testingof Donor Blood… .......................................................................................................................................... 60
Part VII: Blood Component Preparation and Transfusion Therapy
15. BloodComponentPreparationandTherapy ............................................................................................................. 63
16. TransfusionTherapy in Selected Patients… .............................................................................................................. 66
, Chapter 01: Quality Assurance and Regulation of the Blood Industry and Safety Issues in the Blood Bank
6
Howard: Basic & Applied Concepts of Blood Banking and Transfusion Practices, 5th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Biosafety levels determine:
a. on what6floor certain infectious disease testing can be performed.
b. the degree of risk for certain areas of a health care facility to exposure to i
nfectious diseases.
c. the amount of ventilation required in a transfusion service.
d. how many biohazardous waste containers a laboratory must have.
ANS:6 B
OSHA defines biosafety levels based on potential exposure6to infectious material.
DIF: Level 1
2. A laboratory technologist decided she would like to6bring her lab coat home for laundering6because it had too many wrinkles when
it was returned by the laboratory’s laundry service. Is this practice acceptable?
a. Yes, if she uses 10% bleach
b. Yes, if she clears6it with her supervisor
c. Yes, as long as she removes the coat and6does not6wear it6home
d. No, because6the laboratory is a biosafety level 2, and lab coats may not be r
emoved
ANS:6 D
Methods of transporting the lab coat and the risk of contamination do not permit health care6workers to bring lab coats home6for cleanin
g.
DIF: Level 2
3. Personal protective equipment includes:
a. safety glasses.
b. splash barriers.
c. masks.
d. All of the above
ANS:6 D
Safety glasses, splash barriers, and masks are types of personal protective devices.
DIF: Level 1
4. At what point in the employment process should safety training take place?
a. During orientation and training
b. Following lab training when employees are more familiar with their
responsibilities
c. Following the employees’ first evaluation
d. Before independent work6is6permitted6and annually thereafter
ANS:6 D
The Occupation Safety and Health Administration6requires safety training before independent work6is6permitted and6annually thereafte
r.
DIF: Level 1
5. In safety training, employees must become familiar with all of the following6except:
a. tasks that have an infectious risk.
b. limits of protective6clothing and6equipment.
c. the appropriate action to6take if exposure6occurs.
d. how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a donor or other employee.
ANS:6 D
The Occupational Safety and6Health Administration6requirements include6all of those listed except cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
DIF: Level 1
6. Blood irradiators require all of the following6safety procedures except:
a. proper training.
b. that the user have a degree in radiology.
c. equipment leak detection.
d. personal protective equipment.
ANS:6 B
Blood bank and transfusion6service6technologists require training6but not a degree to use a blood irradiator.
DIF: Level 2
, 7. Which of the following6is true regarding good manufacturing6practices (GMPs)?
a. GMPs are legal requirements established by the Food and Drug Administration.
b. GMPs are optional guidelines written by the AABB.
c. GMPs are required only by pharmaceutical companies.
d. GMPs are part of the quality control requirements for blood products.
ANS:6 A
Good manufacturing practices are requirements established by the6Food and Drug Administration.
DIF: Level 1
8. Which of the following is an example of an unacceptable record-keeping procedure?
a. Using dittos in columns to save time
b. Recording6the date and initials next to a correction
c. Not deleting the6original entry when making a correction
d. Always using permanent ink on all records
ANS:6 A
All records must6be6clearly written. Dittos are6unacceptable.
DIF: Level 1
9. A technologist in training noticed that the person training6her had not recorded the results of a test. To be6helpful, she carefully r
ecorded the results she saw at a later time, using the technologist’s initials. Is this an acceptable procedure?
a. Yes; all results must be recorded regardless of who did the test.
b. No; she should have6brought the error to the technologist’s attention.
c. Yes; because she6used the other technologist’s initials.
d. Yes; as long as she records the result in pencil.
ANS:6 B
This is an example of poor record keeping; results must be recorded6when the test is6performed and by the person doing the test.
DIF: Level 3
10. Unacceptable quality control results for the antiglobulin test performed in test tubes may be noticed6if:
a. preventive maintenance has not been performed on the cell washer.
b. the technologist performing the test was never trained.
c. the reagents used were improperly stored.
d. All of the above
ANS:6 D
Training, equipment maintenance, and reagent quality can affect quality control.
DIF: Level 2
11. All of the following are true regarding competency testing except:
a. it must be performed following6training.
b. it must be performed on an annual basis.
c. it is required only if the technologist has6no experience.
d. retraining is required if6there is a failure in competency testing.
ANS:6 C
All employees must have competency testing following6training and annually thereafter. If there is a failure in6competency testing, re
training6is required.
DIF: Level 2
12. Which of the following organizations are involved in the regulation of blood banks?
a. The Joint Commission
b. AABB
c. College6of American Pathologists
d. Food and Drug Administration
ANS:6 D
The Food and Drug Administration regulates blood banks, whereas the other organizations are involved in accreditation.
DIF: Level 1
13. All of the following are responsibilities of the quality assurance department of a blood bank except:
a. performing6internal audits.
b. performing6quality control.
c. reviewing standard operating procedures.
d. reviewing and approving training programs.
ANS:6 B
Quality control is performed in the laboratory, not6by the quality assurance department.
DIF: Level 2
Basic & Applied Concepts of Blood Banking and Transfusion Practices
5th Edition
by Paula R. Howard
,Table of Contents
6 6
Part I: Quality and Safety Issues
1. Quality Assurance and Regulation of the Blood Industry: Safety Issues in the Blood Bank…………………………….3 P
art II: Foundations: Basic Sciences and Reagents
2. Immunology: Basic Principles and Applications in the Blood Bank............................................................................ 8
3. Blood Banking Reagents: Overview and Applications .................................................................................................13
4. Genetic Principles in Blood Banking............................................................................................................................ 18
Part III: Overview of the Major Blood Groups
6
5. ABO and H Blood Group Systems and Secretor Status…...........................................................................................22
6. RhBloodGroupSystem….......................................................................................................................................... 26
7. Other Red Cell Blood Group Systems, Human Leukocyte Antigens, and Platelet Antigens………………………….30 P
art IV: Essentials of Pretransfusion Testing
8. Antibody Detection and Identification………… ……… ……… …… ……… …… ……… ……… …… ……… … ………34 9.
Compatibility Testing ........................................................................................................................................ 38
10. Blood Bank Automation for Transfusion Services… ................................................................................................ 44
6
Part V: Clinical Considerations in Immunohematology
6
11. AdverseComplicationsofTransfusions .................................................................................................................... 46
12. Hemolytic Disease ofthe Fetus and Newborn… ........................................................................................................ 50
6
Part VI: Blood Collecting and Testing
13. Donor Selectionand Phlebotomy............................................................................................................................... 55
14. Testingof Donor Blood… .......................................................................................................................................... 60
Part VII: Blood Component Preparation and Transfusion Therapy
15. BloodComponentPreparationandTherapy ............................................................................................................. 63
16. TransfusionTherapy in Selected Patients… .............................................................................................................. 66
, Chapter 01: Quality Assurance and Regulation of the Blood Industry and Safety Issues in the Blood Bank
6
Howard: Basic & Applied Concepts of Blood Banking and Transfusion Practices, 5th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Biosafety levels determine:
a. on what6floor certain infectious disease testing can be performed.
b. the degree of risk for certain areas of a health care facility to exposure to i
nfectious diseases.
c. the amount of ventilation required in a transfusion service.
d. how many biohazardous waste containers a laboratory must have.
ANS:6 B
OSHA defines biosafety levels based on potential exposure6to infectious material.
DIF: Level 1
2. A laboratory technologist decided she would like to6bring her lab coat home for laundering6because it had too many wrinkles when
it was returned by the laboratory’s laundry service. Is this practice acceptable?
a. Yes, if she uses 10% bleach
b. Yes, if she clears6it with her supervisor
c. Yes, as long as she removes the coat and6does not6wear it6home
d. No, because6the laboratory is a biosafety level 2, and lab coats may not be r
emoved
ANS:6 D
Methods of transporting the lab coat and the risk of contamination do not permit health care6workers to bring lab coats home6for cleanin
g.
DIF: Level 2
3. Personal protective equipment includes:
a. safety glasses.
b. splash barriers.
c. masks.
d. All of the above
ANS:6 D
Safety glasses, splash barriers, and masks are types of personal protective devices.
DIF: Level 1
4. At what point in the employment process should safety training take place?
a. During orientation and training
b. Following lab training when employees are more familiar with their
responsibilities
c. Following the employees’ first evaluation
d. Before independent work6is6permitted6and annually thereafter
ANS:6 D
The Occupation Safety and Health Administration6requires safety training before independent work6is6permitted and6annually thereafte
r.
DIF: Level 1
5. In safety training, employees must become familiar with all of the following6except:
a. tasks that have an infectious risk.
b. limits of protective6clothing and6equipment.
c. the appropriate action to6take if exposure6occurs.
d. how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a donor or other employee.
ANS:6 D
The Occupational Safety and6Health Administration6requirements include6all of those listed except cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
DIF: Level 1
6. Blood irradiators require all of the following6safety procedures except:
a. proper training.
b. that the user have a degree in radiology.
c. equipment leak detection.
d. personal protective equipment.
ANS:6 B
Blood bank and transfusion6service6technologists require training6but not a degree to use a blood irradiator.
DIF: Level 2
, 7. Which of the following6is true regarding good manufacturing6practices (GMPs)?
a. GMPs are legal requirements established by the Food and Drug Administration.
b. GMPs are optional guidelines written by the AABB.
c. GMPs are required only by pharmaceutical companies.
d. GMPs are part of the quality control requirements for blood products.
ANS:6 A
Good manufacturing practices are requirements established by the6Food and Drug Administration.
DIF: Level 1
8. Which of the following is an example of an unacceptable record-keeping procedure?
a. Using dittos in columns to save time
b. Recording6the date and initials next to a correction
c. Not deleting the6original entry when making a correction
d. Always using permanent ink on all records
ANS:6 A
All records must6be6clearly written. Dittos are6unacceptable.
DIF: Level 1
9. A technologist in training noticed that the person training6her had not recorded the results of a test. To be6helpful, she carefully r
ecorded the results she saw at a later time, using the technologist’s initials. Is this an acceptable procedure?
a. Yes; all results must be recorded regardless of who did the test.
b. No; she should have6brought the error to the technologist’s attention.
c. Yes; because she6used the other technologist’s initials.
d. Yes; as long as she records the result in pencil.
ANS:6 B
This is an example of poor record keeping; results must be recorded6when the test is6performed and by the person doing the test.
DIF: Level 3
10. Unacceptable quality control results for the antiglobulin test performed in test tubes may be noticed6if:
a. preventive maintenance has not been performed on the cell washer.
b. the technologist performing the test was never trained.
c. the reagents used were improperly stored.
d. All of the above
ANS:6 D
Training, equipment maintenance, and reagent quality can affect quality control.
DIF: Level 2
11. All of the following are true regarding competency testing except:
a. it must be performed following6training.
b. it must be performed on an annual basis.
c. it is required only if the technologist has6no experience.
d. retraining is required if6there is a failure in competency testing.
ANS:6 C
All employees must have competency testing following6training and annually thereafter. If there is a failure in6competency testing, re
training6is required.
DIF: Level 2
12. Which of the following organizations are involved in the regulation of blood banks?
a. The Joint Commission
b. AABB
c. College6of American Pathologists
d. Food and Drug Administration
ANS:6 D
The Food and Drug Administration regulates blood banks, whereas the other organizations are involved in accreditation.
DIF: Level 1
13. All of the following are responsibilities of the quality assurance department of a blood bank except:
a. performing6internal audits.
b. performing6quality control.
c. reviewing standard operating procedures.
d. reviewing and approving training programs.
ANS:6 B
Quality control is performed in the laboratory, not6by the quality assurance department.
DIF: Level 2
