NUR 2243 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWER; 100% CORRECT
1. A nursing student caring for a client removes the clients
oxygen as prescribed. The client is now breathing what
percentage of oxygen in the room air?
a. 14%
b. 21%
c. 28%
d. 31% - correct answer- ANS: B
Room air is 21% oxygen.
A 70-kg adult with chronic renal failure is on a 40-g protein
diet. The client has a reduced glomerular filtration rate and
is not undergoing dialysis. Which result would give the
nurse the most concern?
a. Albumin level of 2.5 g/dL
b. Phosphorus level of 5 mg/dL
c. Sodium level of 135 mmol/L
d. Potassium level of 5.5 mmol/L - correct answer-
ANS: A
Protein restriction is necessary with chronic renal failure
due to the buildup of waste products from protein
,breakdown. The nurse would be concerned with the low
albumin level since this indicates that the protein in the diet
is not enough for the clients metabolic needs. The
electrolyte values are not related to the protein-restricted
diet.
A client appears dyspneic, but the oxygen saturation is
97%. What action by the nurse is best?
a.
Assess for other manifestations of hypoxia.
b.
Change the sensor on the pulse oximeter.
c.
Obtain a new oximeter from central supply.
d.
Tell the client to take slow, deep breaths. - correct
answer- ANS: A
Pulse oximetry is not always the most accurate assessment
tool for hypoxia as many factors can interfere, producing
normal or near-normal readings in the setting of hypoxia.
The nurse should conduct a more thorough assessment.
The other actions are not appropriate for a hypoxic client.
,A client has a long history of hypertension. Which category
of medications would the nurse expect to be ordered to
avoid chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
a. Antibiotic
b. Histamine blocker
c. Bronchodilator
d. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor -
correct answer- ANS: D
ACE inhibitors stop the conversion of angiotensin I to the
vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. This category of medication
also blocks bradykinin and prostaglandin, increases renin,
and decreases aldosterone, which promotes vasodilation
and perfusion to the kidney. Antibiotics fight infection,
histamine blockers decrease inflammation, and
bronchodilators increase the size of the bronchi; none of
these medications helps slow the progression of CKD in
clients with hypertension.
A client has a pulmonary embolism and is started on
oxygen. The student nurse asks why the clients oxygen
saturation has not significantly improved. What response by
the nurse is best?
a.
Breathing so rapidly interferes with oxygenation.
b.
, Maybe the client has respiratory distress syndrome.
c.
The blood clot interferes with perfusion in the lungs.
d.
The client needs immediate intubation and mechanical
ventilation. - correct answer- ANS: C
A large blood clot in the lungs will significantly impair gas
exchange and oxygenation. Unless the clot is dissolved,
this process will continue unabated. Hyperventilation can
interfere with oxygenation by shallow breathing, but there is
no evidence that the client is hyperventilating, and this is
also not the most precise physiologic answer. Respiratory
distress syndrome can occur, but this is not as likely. The
client may need to be mechanically ventilated, but without
concrete data on FiO2 and SaO2, the nurse cannot make
that judgment.
A client has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mmol/L, a
serum creatinine level of 2 mg/dL, and a urine output of 350
mL/day. What is the best action by the nurse?
a. Place the client on a cardiac monitor immediately.
b. Teach the client to limit high-potassium foods.
c. Continue to monitor the clients intake and output.
d. Ask to have the laboratory redraw the blood specimen.
- correct answer- ANS: A
VERIFIED ANSWER; 100% CORRECT
1. A nursing student caring for a client removes the clients
oxygen as prescribed. The client is now breathing what
percentage of oxygen in the room air?
a. 14%
b. 21%
c. 28%
d. 31% - correct answer- ANS: B
Room air is 21% oxygen.
A 70-kg adult with chronic renal failure is on a 40-g protein
diet. The client has a reduced glomerular filtration rate and
is not undergoing dialysis. Which result would give the
nurse the most concern?
a. Albumin level of 2.5 g/dL
b. Phosphorus level of 5 mg/dL
c. Sodium level of 135 mmol/L
d. Potassium level of 5.5 mmol/L - correct answer-
ANS: A
Protein restriction is necessary with chronic renal failure
due to the buildup of waste products from protein
,breakdown. The nurse would be concerned with the low
albumin level since this indicates that the protein in the diet
is not enough for the clients metabolic needs. The
electrolyte values are not related to the protein-restricted
diet.
A client appears dyspneic, but the oxygen saturation is
97%. What action by the nurse is best?
a.
Assess for other manifestations of hypoxia.
b.
Change the sensor on the pulse oximeter.
c.
Obtain a new oximeter from central supply.
d.
Tell the client to take slow, deep breaths. - correct
answer- ANS: A
Pulse oximetry is not always the most accurate assessment
tool for hypoxia as many factors can interfere, producing
normal or near-normal readings in the setting of hypoxia.
The nurse should conduct a more thorough assessment.
The other actions are not appropriate for a hypoxic client.
,A client has a long history of hypertension. Which category
of medications would the nurse expect to be ordered to
avoid chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
a. Antibiotic
b. Histamine blocker
c. Bronchodilator
d. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor -
correct answer- ANS: D
ACE inhibitors stop the conversion of angiotensin I to the
vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. This category of medication
also blocks bradykinin and prostaglandin, increases renin,
and decreases aldosterone, which promotes vasodilation
and perfusion to the kidney. Antibiotics fight infection,
histamine blockers decrease inflammation, and
bronchodilators increase the size of the bronchi; none of
these medications helps slow the progression of CKD in
clients with hypertension.
A client has a pulmonary embolism and is started on
oxygen. The student nurse asks why the clients oxygen
saturation has not significantly improved. What response by
the nurse is best?
a.
Breathing so rapidly interferes with oxygenation.
b.
, Maybe the client has respiratory distress syndrome.
c.
The blood clot interferes with perfusion in the lungs.
d.
The client needs immediate intubation and mechanical
ventilation. - correct answer- ANS: C
A large blood clot in the lungs will significantly impair gas
exchange and oxygenation. Unless the clot is dissolved,
this process will continue unabated. Hyperventilation can
interfere with oxygenation by shallow breathing, but there is
no evidence that the client is hyperventilating, and this is
also not the most precise physiologic answer. Respiratory
distress syndrome can occur, but this is not as likely. The
client may need to be mechanically ventilated, but without
concrete data on FiO2 and SaO2, the nurse cannot make
that judgment.
A client has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mmol/L, a
serum creatinine level of 2 mg/dL, and a urine output of 350
mL/day. What is the best action by the nurse?
a. Place the client on a cardiac monitor immediately.
b. Teach the client to limit high-potassium foods.
c. Continue to monitor the clients intake and output.
d. Ask to have the laboratory redraw the blood specimen.
- correct answer- ANS: A
