Hormonal control and Pathophysiology of the skeletal
system Questions With Complete Solutions
"Brown tumors" Correct Answers Areas where bone was
broken down and replaced with fibrous tissue (classic sign)
"What you don't use, you lose" Correct Answers Inactivity
causes fast bone degeneration
Achondroplasia Correct Answers Epiphyseal cartilage grows
unusually slowly → short limbs with normal-size trunk
Acromegaly Correct Answers After epiphyseal plates close, GH
rises → bones thicken (face, jaw, hands)
Aging and bones (general) Correct Answers Bones thin and
weaken with age
BMD test Correct Answers Noninvasive test that measures
bone density and fracture risk
BMP4 in FOP Correct Answers BMP4 signaling stimulates
tissue differentiation and is important in bone repair
Bone mass loss per decade (men) Correct Answers Men lose
about 3% bone mass per decade
Bone mass loss per decade (women) Correct Answers Women
lose about 8% bone mass per decade
, Bone spurs (osteophytes) Correct Answers Outgrowths of bone
that form with abnormal loading/stress
Bone stores carbonate Correct Answers ~80% of the body's
carbonate is in bone
Bone stores magnesium Correct Answers ~50% of the body's
magnesium is in bone
Bone stores phosphate Correct Answers ~99% of the body's
phosphate is in bone
Bone stores potassium Correct Answers ~4% of the body's
potassium is in bone
Bone stores sodium Correct Answers ~35% of the body's
sodium is in bone
Bones + calcium/phosphate Correct Answers Osteoblasts and
osteoclasts remodel bone to store/release calcium
Bones as mineral reservoirs Correct Answers Bones store
minerals (mostly calcium) and help regulate mineral levels in
blood
Calcium balance effect on bone shape Correct Answers Long-
term imbalance affects bone shape and length
Calcium deposit effect on bones Correct Answers Depositing
calcium salts strengthens bones
system Questions With Complete Solutions
"Brown tumors" Correct Answers Areas where bone was
broken down and replaced with fibrous tissue (classic sign)
"What you don't use, you lose" Correct Answers Inactivity
causes fast bone degeneration
Achondroplasia Correct Answers Epiphyseal cartilage grows
unusually slowly → short limbs with normal-size trunk
Acromegaly Correct Answers After epiphyseal plates close, GH
rises → bones thicken (face, jaw, hands)
Aging and bones (general) Correct Answers Bones thin and
weaken with age
BMD test Correct Answers Noninvasive test that measures
bone density and fracture risk
BMP4 in FOP Correct Answers BMP4 signaling stimulates
tissue differentiation and is important in bone repair
Bone mass loss per decade (men) Correct Answers Men lose
about 3% bone mass per decade
Bone mass loss per decade (women) Correct Answers Women
lose about 8% bone mass per decade
, Bone spurs (osteophytes) Correct Answers Outgrowths of bone
that form with abnormal loading/stress
Bone stores carbonate Correct Answers ~80% of the body's
carbonate is in bone
Bone stores magnesium Correct Answers ~50% of the body's
magnesium is in bone
Bone stores phosphate Correct Answers ~99% of the body's
phosphate is in bone
Bone stores potassium Correct Answers ~4% of the body's
potassium is in bone
Bone stores sodium Correct Answers ~35% of the body's
sodium is in bone
Bones + calcium/phosphate Correct Answers Osteoblasts and
osteoclasts remodel bone to store/release calcium
Bones as mineral reservoirs Correct Answers Bones store
minerals (mostly calcium) and help regulate mineral levels in
blood
Calcium balance effect on bone shape Correct Answers Long-
term imbalance affects bone shape and length
Calcium deposit effect on bones Correct Answers Depositing
calcium salts strengthens bones
