NURS 1141 - Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions
ACE Inhibitors for hypertension Correct Answers Inhibits
ACE, decreasing angiotensin 2 (vasoconstrictor)
-prils
Useful when used with diuretics, less effective in AAs
Slows diabetic neuropathy
Good for s/p heart failure
*DO NOT USE WITH ARBs or renin inhibitors
*Chronic cough (bradykinin)
*Can cause fetal/neonatal harm
Acetazolamide (Diamox) Correct Answers Carbonic Anhydrase
Inhibitor
Actions: Weak Diuretic, inhibits CA in kidney, brain, eye, pee
out bicarb, making them acidotic, increase rate
Uses: Reduces intraocular pressure (glaucoma) reduces seizure
activity, also used in ICU as respiratory stimulant with
metabolic alkalosis for weaning off vent
Adenosine Correct Answers Naturally occuring in body
Treatment of PSVT
Depresses SA/AV nodes
Caffeine is competative, requiring more adenosine
Albumin Correct Answers Colloid
Natural protein produced in the liver - 70% of colloid oncotic
pressure
Human donor
Contraindicated in severe heart failure
Concentrations 5-25%
, Onset - 1 minute, Half Life - 16 hour, Duration - 24 hour
Amiodarone Correct Answers Class 3 - K+ blocker, slow rate
of conduction
prolongs action potential and refractory period, can also
vasodilate
**Hospitalize patients during loading dose
Take with food/milk
Horrible side effects, yellow-brown eyes, blurred vision, halos,
photosensitivity
Reacts with freaking everything
amlodipine (norvasc), diltiazem (cardizem), felodipine,
isradipine, nicardipine (cardene), nifedipine (procardia),
nisoldipine (sular), verapamil Correct Answers Calcium
Channel Blockers
Inhibit calcium movement across cell membrane
SE Hypotension/syncope
Typical toxic interactions
Grapefruit juice
Digoxin - CCB may increase serum dig
ARB agents for hypertension
(angiotensin 2 receptor blockers) Correct Answers Block
angiotensin 2 receptor sites, preventing vasoconstriction
No effect on renal function, cholesterol, sugar
-artans
Starts effect @1 week, full effect at 3-6 weeks
Can add HCTZ for effect
*Neonatal/fetal harm
*hyperkalemia
ACE Inhibitors for hypertension Correct Answers Inhibits
ACE, decreasing angiotensin 2 (vasoconstrictor)
-prils
Useful when used with diuretics, less effective in AAs
Slows diabetic neuropathy
Good for s/p heart failure
*DO NOT USE WITH ARBs or renin inhibitors
*Chronic cough (bradykinin)
*Can cause fetal/neonatal harm
Acetazolamide (Diamox) Correct Answers Carbonic Anhydrase
Inhibitor
Actions: Weak Diuretic, inhibits CA in kidney, brain, eye, pee
out bicarb, making them acidotic, increase rate
Uses: Reduces intraocular pressure (glaucoma) reduces seizure
activity, also used in ICU as respiratory stimulant with
metabolic alkalosis for weaning off vent
Adenosine Correct Answers Naturally occuring in body
Treatment of PSVT
Depresses SA/AV nodes
Caffeine is competative, requiring more adenosine
Albumin Correct Answers Colloid
Natural protein produced in the liver - 70% of colloid oncotic
pressure
Human donor
Contraindicated in severe heart failure
Concentrations 5-25%
, Onset - 1 minute, Half Life - 16 hour, Duration - 24 hour
Amiodarone Correct Answers Class 3 - K+ blocker, slow rate
of conduction
prolongs action potential and refractory period, can also
vasodilate
**Hospitalize patients during loading dose
Take with food/milk
Horrible side effects, yellow-brown eyes, blurred vision, halos,
photosensitivity
Reacts with freaking everything
amlodipine (norvasc), diltiazem (cardizem), felodipine,
isradipine, nicardipine (cardene), nifedipine (procardia),
nisoldipine (sular), verapamil Correct Answers Calcium
Channel Blockers
Inhibit calcium movement across cell membrane
SE Hypotension/syncope
Typical toxic interactions
Grapefruit juice
Digoxin - CCB may increase serum dig
ARB agents for hypertension
(angiotensin 2 receptor blockers) Correct Answers Block
angiotensin 2 receptor sites, preventing vasoconstriction
No effect on renal function, cholesterol, sugar
-artans
Starts effect @1 week, full effect at 3-6 weeks
Can add HCTZ for effect
*Neonatal/fetal harm
*hyperkalemia
