EXAM
210+ (Updated for 2026) Exam Prep
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,Question 1
3 steps of pain management
Correct Answer
1. aspirin, tylenol, NSAIDs
2. codeine, hydrocodone, oxycodone, tramadol (only with NSAIDS)
3. morphine, hydromorphone, methadone, fentanyl
Question 2
Breakthrough cancer pain management
Correct Answer
fentanyl
Question 3
Metastatic bone pain management
Correct Answer
bisphosphonates
Question 4
Tension headache symptoms & management
Correct Answer
symptoms - tight, back of head/neck
management - OTC analgesics and rest
Question 5
Migraine headache types and treatments
Correct Answer
classic - WITH aura
common - WITHOUT aura
treatment - sumatriptan and analgesics
Question 6
Cluster headache symptoms and management
Correct Answer
symptoms - occur at night, ipsilateral congestion, rhinorrhea, and eye redness
Question 7
Albumin levels <3.5
Correct Answer
protein malnutrition
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,Question 8
Albumin <2.7
Correct Answer
Edema
Question 9
Complications of enteral nutrition
Correct Answer
aspiration, refeeding, dehydration
Question 10
Complications of parenteral nutrition
Correct Answer
pneumothorax, hemothorax
Question 11
Urine sodium >20
Correct Answer
renal salt wasting (kidney is the problem)
Question 12
Urine sodium <10
Correct Answer
kidney isn't the problem
Question 13
isotonic hyponatremia serum osmolality and causes
Correct Answer
serum osmolality - 284-295
causes - extreme hyperlipidemia or nhyperproteinemia
Question 14
hypotonic hyponatremia serum osmolality and types
Correct Answer
serum osmolality <280
hypovolemic w/ sodium <10
hypovolemic w/ sodium >20
hypervolemic
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, Question 15
hypovolemic w/ urine sodium <10 causes
Correct Answer
dehydration, diuresis, vomiting
Question 16
hypovolemic w/ urine sodium >20
Correct Answer
diuretics, ACE, mineralocorticoid deficiency
Question 17
hypervolemic hypotonic hyponatremia
Correct Answer
edema, CHF, liver disease, renal failure
must restrict fluids
Question 18
hypertonic hyponatremia serum osmolality and causes
Correct Answer
serum osmolality >290
causes - HHS
Question 19
hypokalemia causes, signs/symptoms, treatment
Correct Answer
causes - diuretics, GI losses, renal loss, alkalosis
signs/symptoms - weakness, fatigue, cramps, broad T waves, u waves
treatment - oral replacement if >2.5, 40mEq/L/hr IV if severe
Question 20
hyperkalemia causes, signs/symptoms, treatment
Correct Answer
causes - renal failure, drugs, hypoaldosteronism
signs/symptoms - weakness, flaccid paralysis, abdominal distension, diarrhea, peaked T waves
treatment - ion resin exchange (kayexalate), insulin, D5W
Question 21
hypocalcemia causes, signs/symptoms, treatment
Correct Answer
causes - pancreatitis, renal failure, trauma, massive transfusions
symptoms - increased DTRs, cramps, convulsions, prolonged QT, Chvostek's and Trousseau's sign
treatment - check for alkalosis, IV calcium gluconate if acute, oral supplements if chronic
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