WST 371 MODULE 7 QUIZ 2026 PRACTICE
SCRIPT QUESTIONS ANSWERS INCLUDED
◉ accessory digestive organs. Answer: - assist in the breakdown of food.
- glands produce secretions that empty into the lumen of the GI tract
-- include the salivary glands, liver, and pancreas
- other include teeth and tongue
-- participate in the chewing and swallowing of food
- gallbladder, which concentrates and stores the secretions of the liver.
◉ lumen. Answer: - inner opening of GI tract
- ingected food is broken down into smaller components that can be
absorbed along its legth
- thus, disassembly of molecules for absorption occurs within the lumen
of the GI tract
-- optimal digestion and absorption are dependent upon regulating and
maintaining the environmental conditions within this space
◉ ingestion. Answer: - is the introduction of solid and liquid nutrients
into the oral cavity (mouth).
first step in the process of digesting and absorbing nutrients.
◉ Motility. Answer: - general term describing both voluntary muscular
contractions (by skeletal muscle)
,- involuntary muscular contractions (by smooth muscle) for mixing and
moving materials through the GI tract.
◉ secretion. Answer: - is the process of producing and releasing
substances that facilitate both digestion and the movement of contents
within the GI tract.
- Secretions are produced by both the accessory digestive glands
(salivary glands, liver, pancreas) and the wall of the GI tract.
◉ digestion. Answer: - breakdown of ingested food into smaller
components that may be absorbed from the GI tract
- categorized as either mechanical digestion or chemical digestion.
MECHANICAL DIGESTION
- breaking of ingested material into smaller pieces without changing its
chemical structure (i.e., no enzymes are involved).
CHEMICAL DIGESTION
- involves the activity of specific enzymes to break down complex
molecules into smaller molecules so that they can be absorbed.
-- chemical digestion is also performed by bacteria within the large
intestine
◉ absorption. Answer: - involves membrane transport of digested
molecules, electrolytes, vitamins, and water across the epithelial lining
of the GI tract into the blood or lymph.
- occurs primarily within the small intestine.
,◉ compaction. Answer:
◉ elimination (aka defecation). Answer: - expulsion of indigestible
components through the anal canal.
◉ digestive tract. Answer:
◉ stomach. Answer: - a holding sac in the superior left quadrant of the
abdomen immediately inferior to the diaphragm
- under normal conditions, between 3- 4 liters of food, drink and saliva
enter the stomach daily
-- generally spend between 2- 6 hours there
--- depending on the amount and composiond of ingested material
- mixes with ingested food secretions released from stomach wall and
mechanically digests the contents into a semifuild mass called CHYME
- chemical digestion of both protein and fat begins in stomach,
---but absorption from it is limited to small, nonpolar substances that are
in contact with the mucosa of the stomach
- alcohol/aspirin are examples of substances that are absorbed in the
stomach
, - one significant function of the stomach is to serve as a "holding bag"
for the controlled release of partially digested materials into the small
intestine a (where most chemical digestion and absorption occur)
- most vital functions is the release of intrinsic factor
--- a substance required for the absorption of vitamin B12, which occurs
within the small intestine).
◉ Gross anatomy of stomach. Answer: - J shaped
- has both a large, convex inferolateral surface called the GREATER
CURVATURE
- a smaller, concave superomedial surface called the LESSER
CURVATURE
- CARDIA: small, narrow, superior entryway into the stomach lumen
from the esophagus
-- internal opening where the cardia meets the esophagus is called the
CARDIAC ORIFACE, is the location of the inferior esophageal
sphincter (also known as the cardiac sphincter)
◉ mucosa. Answer: - inner-lining mucous membrane
- typically consists of an epithelium, an underlying layer called the
lamina propria, and a thin layer of muscularis mucosae.
EPITHELIUM
- is in contact with the contents within the lumen
SCRIPT QUESTIONS ANSWERS INCLUDED
◉ accessory digestive organs. Answer: - assist in the breakdown of food.
- glands produce secretions that empty into the lumen of the GI tract
-- include the salivary glands, liver, and pancreas
- other include teeth and tongue
-- participate in the chewing and swallowing of food
- gallbladder, which concentrates and stores the secretions of the liver.
◉ lumen. Answer: - inner opening of GI tract
- ingected food is broken down into smaller components that can be
absorbed along its legth
- thus, disassembly of molecules for absorption occurs within the lumen
of the GI tract
-- optimal digestion and absorption are dependent upon regulating and
maintaining the environmental conditions within this space
◉ ingestion. Answer: - is the introduction of solid and liquid nutrients
into the oral cavity (mouth).
first step in the process of digesting and absorbing nutrients.
◉ Motility. Answer: - general term describing both voluntary muscular
contractions (by skeletal muscle)
,- involuntary muscular contractions (by smooth muscle) for mixing and
moving materials through the GI tract.
◉ secretion. Answer: - is the process of producing and releasing
substances that facilitate both digestion and the movement of contents
within the GI tract.
- Secretions are produced by both the accessory digestive glands
(salivary glands, liver, pancreas) and the wall of the GI tract.
◉ digestion. Answer: - breakdown of ingested food into smaller
components that may be absorbed from the GI tract
- categorized as either mechanical digestion or chemical digestion.
MECHANICAL DIGESTION
- breaking of ingested material into smaller pieces without changing its
chemical structure (i.e., no enzymes are involved).
CHEMICAL DIGESTION
- involves the activity of specific enzymes to break down complex
molecules into smaller molecules so that they can be absorbed.
-- chemical digestion is also performed by bacteria within the large
intestine
◉ absorption. Answer: - involves membrane transport of digested
molecules, electrolytes, vitamins, and water across the epithelial lining
of the GI tract into the blood or lymph.
- occurs primarily within the small intestine.
,◉ compaction. Answer:
◉ elimination (aka defecation). Answer: - expulsion of indigestible
components through the anal canal.
◉ digestive tract. Answer:
◉ stomach. Answer: - a holding sac in the superior left quadrant of the
abdomen immediately inferior to the diaphragm
- under normal conditions, between 3- 4 liters of food, drink and saliva
enter the stomach daily
-- generally spend between 2- 6 hours there
--- depending on the amount and composiond of ingested material
- mixes with ingested food secretions released from stomach wall and
mechanically digests the contents into a semifuild mass called CHYME
- chemical digestion of both protein and fat begins in stomach,
---but absorption from it is limited to small, nonpolar substances that are
in contact with the mucosa of the stomach
- alcohol/aspirin are examples of substances that are absorbed in the
stomach
, - one significant function of the stomach is to serve as a "holding bag"
for the controlled release of partially digested materials into the small
intestine a (where most chemical digestion and absorption occur)
- most vital functions is the release of intrinsic factor
--- a substance required for the absorption of vitamin B12, which occurs
within the small intestine).
◉ Gross anatomy of stomach. Answer: - J shaped
- has both a large, convex inferolateral surface called the GREATER
CURVATURE
- a smaller, concave superomedial surface called the LESSER
CURVATURE
- CARDIA: small, narrow, superior entryway into the stomach lumen
from the esophagus
-- internal opening where the cardia meets the esophagus is called the
CARDIAC ORIFACE, is the location of the inferior esophageal
sphincter (also known as the cardiac sphincter)
◉ mucosa. Answer: - inner-lining mucous membrane
- typically consists of an epithelium, an underlying layer called the
lamina propria, and a thin layer of muscularis mucosae.
EPITHELIUM
- is in contact with the contents within the lumen
