CH 2 Digital Imaging and Fluoroscopy: Radiation Safety, Dose Management,
Image Quality, and Technology Principles – Shielding, PACS, SNR, Soft-Copy
Imaging, CR/DR Imaging Plates, Automatic Exposure Control, Collimation,
Filtration, Compensating Filters, Lead Aprons, Windowing (Level and Width),
Contrast, Density, Motion Reduction, Anode Heel Effect, Effective Dose,
Exposure Limits (Occupational, Public, and Minors), Fluoroscopic Dose
Management, Ethical Practices, Post-Processing, Wide Latitude, Workstations,
and Technical Factors for Optimal Diagnostic Imaging Exam Questions Verified
and Complete with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
AEC automatic exposure control
automatic exposure termination when sufficient radiation is received by the selected ionization
chamber
ALARA
As Low As Reasonably Achievable
Algorithm
Mathematical formula systematically applied to a data set for digital processing
Annotation:
text may be added to an image
,Anode Heel Effect
The intensity of the radiation from the cathode end of the x-ray tube is greater than that
emitted at the anode end.
Attenuation
the reduction in intensity of an x-ray beam as it passes through an object due to the absorption
and scattering of photons
Blur
Unsharpness lack of visual sharpness or resolution
Boomerang
placed behind the patient. Provides improved visualization of the soft tissues of the superior
aspect of the shoulder and upper thoracic spine
Brightness
Intensity of light that represents the individual pixels in an image on the monitor
Can the image quality be verified by an acceptable image shown on the monitor? Why or why
not?
,If the exposure index is outside the acceptable range for the digital system, the image may still
appear acceptable on the workstation monitor which provides lower resolution than the
radiologists monitor. The workstation is intended for verifying positioning and general image
quality.
Chemical processing
developing, fixing, washing and drying
Collimator
a device that filters a stream of rays so that only those traveling parallel to a specified direction
are allowed through
Compensating Filters
A system of placing a discretionary metal filter in front of the collimator in order to attenuate
(reduce) a portion of the primary beam so as to compensate for varying body part thicknesses
in the same field of view
Computed radiography
Method of acquiring radiographic images digitally.
Contrast
Density difference on adjacent areas of a radiographic image
, Contrast resolution
The ability of an imaging system to distinguish between similar tissues
Cumulative Lifetime Dose Limit
For occupational exposure is 1 rem (10mSv)times the workers age
Density
Amount of blackness on the processed radiograph
Describe Direct digital radiography
A direct conversion method where the radiation intensities transmitted through the patient are
detected by the digital detector and then converted to a digital format.
Describe four characteristics of grids for radiography
1)Used for any body part thicker than 10cm 2)May be portable or built in 3)positioned between
the patient and the IR 4)Absorption of scatter increases image contrast.
Describe image archiving
after adjustments are made, the image can be transmitted to the digital archive for viewing and
reading by the physician or radiologist
Image Quality, and Technology Principles – Shielding, PACS, SNR, Soft-Copy
Imaging, CR/DR Imaging Plates, Automatic Exposure Control, Collimation,
Filtration, Compensating Filters, Lead Aprons, Windowing (Level and Width),
Contrast, Density, Motion Reduction, Anode Heel Effect, Effective Dose,
Exposure Limits (Occupational, Public, and Minors), Fluoroscopic Dose
Management, Ethical Practices, Post-Processing, Wide Latitude, Workstations,
and Technical Factors for Optimal Diagnostic Imaging Exam Questions Verified
and Complete with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
AEC automatic exposure control
automatic exposure termination when sufficient radiation is received by the selected ionization
chamber
ALARA
As Low As Reasonably Achievable
Algorithm
Mathematical formula systematically applied to a data set for digital processing
Annotation:
text may be added to an image
,Anode Heel Effect
The intensity of the radiation from the cathode end of the x-ray tube is greater than that
emitted at the anode end.
Attenuation
the reduction in intensity of an x-ray beam as it passes through an object due to the absorption
and scattering of photons
Blur
Unsharpness lack of visual sharpness or resolution
Boomerang
placed behind the patient. Provides improved visualization of the soft tissues of the superior
aspect of the shoulder and upper thoracic spine
Brightness
Intensity of light that represents the individual pixels in an image on the monitor
Can the image quality be verified by an acceptable image shown on the monitor? Why or why
not?
,If the exposure index is outside the acceptable range for the digital system, the image may still
appear acceptable on the workstation monitor which provides lower resolution than the
radiologists monitor. The workstation is intended for verifying positioning and general image
quality.
Chemical processing
developing, fixing, washing and drying
Collimator
a device that filters a stream of rays so that only those traveling parallel to a specified direction
are allowed through
Compensating Filters
A system of placing a discretionary metal filter in front of the collimator in order to attenuate
(reduce) a portion of the primary beam so as to compensate for varying body part thicknesses
in the same field of view
Computed radiography
Method of acquiring radiographic images digitally.
Contrast
Density difference on adjacent areas of a radiographic image
, Contrast resolution
The ability of an imaging system to distinguish between similar tissues
Cumulative Lifetime Dose Limit
For occupational exposure is 1 rem (10mSv)times the workers age
Density
Amount of blackness on the processed radiograph
Describe Direct digital radiography
A direct conversion method where the radiation intensities transmitted through the patient are
detected by the digital detector and then converted to a digital format.
Describe four characteristics of grids for radiography
1)Used for any body part thicker than 10cm 2)May be portable or built in 3)positioned between
the patient and the IR 4)Absorption of scatter increases image contrast.
Describe image archiving
after adjustments are made, the image can be transmitted to the digital archive for viewing and
reading by the physician or radiologist
