NURS 300 FINAL EXAM – Accurate Answers To All
Questions
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Terms in this set (113)
Bioavaliability the amount of vitamin that is available to be
absorbed and used by the body
precursors when a vitamin is in its inactive form (also known as
provitamins) within a food item. It will then be
converted to an active form
phytochemicals found in plants that will help with colour, taste, and
other aspects. Some are bioactive food components
in functional foods
functional foods These are foods that may be beneficial on one's
health when taken in good amounts with a variety of
other foods in their diets. They are whole, fortified,
enriched, or enhanced. Examples are vegetables,
fruit, and other whole foods.
electrolyte a salt that dissociates in water
buffers these are different substances that can regulate and
allow for excess acids and bases within the body
fluids in the body
major minerals essential minerals to the human body. There are nine
of them. They are needed in larger amounts so it
does not make it more important than trace minerals
trace minerals around one dozen in the body. Still needed in the
body but in lower amounts
,which four minerals may fall below calcium, magnesium, iron, and potassium that may fall
recommended intakes? Which mineral below
is over consumed by most people? the most over consumed is sodium
Your friend tells you that she eats lots No this is not a good strategy as spinach and Swiss
of spinach and Swiss chard in order to chard do not provide really any calcium to the body.
get enough calcium. Is this a good There are binders in these foods that prevent the
strategy? Explain your rationale, and absorption of calcium. To increase calcium
provide 3 tips for how she might absorption is taking vitamin D. The main strategy for
increase her calcium absorption. increase in calcium absorption is to get your calcium
from milk products. Particularly, low-fat milk
products. Another strategy is to take supplements if
you are unable to meet your calcium requirements
through food choices.
movement of fluid through the amount and direction of movement determined by
compartments 1. capillary hydrostatic pressure
2. plasma oncotic pressure
3. interstitial hydrostatic pressure (push fluid out)
4. interstitial oncotic pressure (hold fluid)
MOVEMENT OF WATER OUT OF CAPILLARIES is
capillary hydrostatic and interstitial oncotic pressure.
MOVEMENT OF FLUID INTO THE CAPILLARIES is
plasma oncotic pressure and interstitial hydrostatic
pressure
- arterial end: capillary hydrostatic pressure exceeds
plasma oncotic pressure and fluid is moved into
interstitial
- venous end: capillary hydrostatic pressure is lower
than plasma oncotic pressure and fluid is drawn back
into the capillary
hypernatremia symptoms: increased thirst, lethargy, agitation,
seizures, coma, weight loss/gain, impaired LOC
treatments: treat underlying cause, oral or IV fluids to
dilute, diuretics if they have the volume, sodium
restriction
nursing implications: follow dietary orders, monitor
intake and output
, hyponatremia symptoms: confusion, nausea, vomiting, seizures,
coma
treatments: fluid restriction, antiemetic to reduce
sodium loss, dietary replacement, IV hypertonic in
severe, monitor weight
nursing: intake and output, diet and weight, skin
assessment, resp status
hyperkalemia symptoms: cramping leg pain with weak or paralyzed
skeletal muscle, ventricular fibrillation or cardiac
state, abdo cramping or diarrhea
treatment: calcium gluconate, beta blockers, insulin,
glucose, kayexalate, diuretics
nursing: monitor vitals during treatment, ECG
hypokalemia symptoms: cadiac, skeletal muscle weakness and
paralysis, muscle cramping, decreased GI motility,
diuresis, hyperglycemia, increased BP, kidney stones
treatment: administer potassium or high potassium
diet
hypermagnesmia symptoms: hypotension, facial flushing, lethargy,
urinary retention, N&V deep tendon reflex lost
treatment: avoiding magnesium containing
medication and diet, increase fluids and diuretics to
promote excretion if renal function is good
nursing: monitor magnesium levels, educate patient
on low magnesium diet
hypomagnesemia symptoms: positive chvostek's sign, hyperactive deep
tendon reflexes, muscle cramps and twitching,
grimacing, dysphagia, tetany, seizures, insomnia,
tachycardia, hypertension
treatment: increase magnesium in diet
nursing: encourage bed rest and fluids, teach about
foods high in magnesium
Questions
Save
Terms in this set (113)
Bioavaliability the amount of vitamin that is available to be
absorbed and used by the body
precursors when a vitamin is in its inactive form (also known as
provitamins) within a food item. It will then be
converted to an active form
phytochemicals found in plants that will help with colour, taste, and
other aspects. Some are bioactive food components
in functional foods
functional foods These are foods that may be beneficial on one's
health when taken in good amounts with a variety of
other foods in their diets. They are whole, fortified,
enriched, or enhanced. Examples are vegetables,
fruit, and other whole foods.
electrolyte a salt that dissociates in water
buffers these are different substances that can regulate and
allow for excess acids and bases within the body
fluids in the body
major minerals essential minerals to the human body. There are nine
of them. They are needed in larger amounts so it
does not make it more important than trace minerals
trace minerals around one dozen in the body. Still needed in the
body but in lower amounts
,which four minerals may fall below calcium, magnesium, iron, and potassium that may fall
recommended intakes? Which mineral below
is over consumed by most people? the most over consumed is sodium
Your friend tells you that she eats lots No this is not a good strategy as spinach and Swiss
of spinach and Swiss chard in order to chard do not provide really any calcium to the body.
get enough calcium. Is this a good There are binders in these foods that prevent the
strategy? Explain your rationale, and absorption of calcium. To increase calcium
provide 3 tips for how she might absorption is taking vitamin D. The main strategy for
increase her calcium absorption. increase in calcium absorption is to get your calcium
from milk products. Particularly, low-fat milk
products. Another strategy is to take supplements if
you are unable to meet your calcium requirements
through food choices.
movement of fluid through the amount and direction of movement determined by
compartments 1. capillary hydrostatic pressure
2. plasma oncotic pressure
3. interstitial hydrostatic pressure (push fluid out)
4. interstitial oncotic pressure (hold fluid)
MOVEMENT OF WATER OUT OF CAPILLARIES is
capillary hydrostatic and interstitial oncotic pressure.
MOVEMENT OF FLUID INTO THE CAPILLARIES is
plasma oncotic pressure and interstitial hydrostatic
pressure
- arterial end: capillary hydrostatic pressure exceeds
plasma oncotic pressure and fluid is moved into
interstitial
- venous end: capillary hydrostatic pressure is lower
than plasma oncotic pressure and fluid is drawn back
into the capillary
hypernatremia symptoms: increased thirst, lethargy, agitation,
seizures, coma, weight loss/gain, impaired LOC
treatments: treat underlying cause, oral or IV fluids to
dilute, diuretics if they have the volume, sodium
restriction
nursing implications: follow dietary orders, monitor
intake and output
, hyponatremia symptoms: confusion, nausea, vomiting, seizures,
coma
treatments: fluid restriction, antiemetic to reduce
sodium loss, dietary replacement, IV hypertonic in
severe, monitor weight
nursing: intake and output, diet and weight, skin
assessment, resp status
hyperkalemia symptoms: cramping leg pain with weak or paralyzed
skeletal muscle, ventricular fibrillation or cardiac
state, abdo cramping or diarrhea
treatment: calcium gluconate, beta blockers, insulin,
glucose, kayexalate, diuretics
nursing: monitor vitals during treatment, ECG
hypokalemia symptoms: cadiac, skeletal muscle weakness and
paralysis, muscle cramping, decreased GI motility,
diuresis, hyperglycemia, increased BP, kidney stones
treatment: administer potassium or high potassium
diet
hypermagnesmia symptoms: hypotension, facial flushing, lethargy,
urinary retention, N&V deep tendon reflex lost
treatment: avoiding magnesium containing
medication and diet, increase fluids and diuretics to
promote excretion if renal function is good
nursing: monitor magnesium levels, educate patient
on low magnesium diet
hypomagnesemia symptoms: positive chvostek's sign, hyperactive deep
tendon reflexes, muscle cramps and twitching,
grimacing, dysphagia, tetany, seizures, insomnia,
tachycardia, hypertension
treatment: increase magnesium in diet
nursing: encourage bed rest and fluids, teach about
foods high in magnesium
