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Pharmacy Practice History
German Emperor Frederick II - ANSWER- First person to separate
medical profession from pharmaceutical
16th century swiss physician Paracelsus - ANSWER- Stressed the need
for treatment that would be specific for a particular disease and
advocated that alchemists should prepare medicine and not gold or
silver
In the 1600s-1700s, what was the educational process for pharmacists -
ANSWER- Apprenticeships
Pass rigid examinations
,Edward Jenner - ANSWER- Made the small pox vaccines
Paul Ehrich - ANSWER- Started chemical treatment of disease
Robert Koch - ANSWER- Started the understanding of infectious
diseases
First United States Pharmacopoeia was in what year? Who wrote it? -
ANSWER- Not pharmacists
What was the first pharmacy school to open and when did it open -
ANSWER- The Philadelphia College of Apothecaries;
1821
Who was the first to have state regulation of pharmacy? When? -
ANSWER- Territory of Orleans (Louisiana);
1808
In what year was the pharmacy school conformed to have a certain
criteria to be achieved while in school to graduate - ANSWER- 1932
Pharmacy practice in 1950s was about what? - ANSWER- Safety of the
drug product
Very drug centered model
,At the _________ pharmacists to see themselves as practitioners of a
clinical profession - ANSWER- 1985 Hilton Head Conference
Pharmaceutical Care in 1990-1995 - ANSWER- professional
relationship must be established and maintained
Present Model
Apothecary - ANSWER- Latin term for pharmacist, also used as a
general term to refer to the early practice of pharmacy
Compounding - ANSWER- producing, mixing, or preparing a drug
by combining two or more ingredients
Pharmacy - ANSWER- the art and science of preparing and
dispensing medication
The Age of Antiquity - ANSWER- time of ancient human and the
great ancient empires. 5000 BCE (BC) up through CE (AD) 499
Ancient Humans - ANSWER- Studied birds and animals - to use
water, leaves dirt, mud, etc for first soothing remedies. Learned by
trial and error
Ancient Mesopotamia - ANSWER- Babylon, cradle of civilization,
earliest known record of apothecary practice
, Healers - ANSWER- Priest, pharmacists, and physicians all in one
(around 2600 BCE)
Pen T-Sao - ANSWER- native herbal recording of 365 drugs, written
by Emperor Shen Nung
Shen Nung - ANSWER- Father of chinese medicine who tasted herbs
to determine their toxic effects and died of an overdose. Write Pen
T-Sao
Echelons - ANSWER- Gathers and preparers of drugs, similar to the
modern-day pharmacy technician
Chiefs of Fabrication - ANSWER- Head pharmacist
Papyrus Ebers - ANSWER- ancient and important pharmaceutical
record in ancient Egypt, a collection of 800 prescriptions mentioning
700 drugs. written in 1500 BCE
Charaka Samhita - ANSWER- recorded approximately 2,000 drugs,
is the most important pharmaceutical record for ancient India,
means compendium of wandering physicians