Biology 1011 Final Exam Questions
and Already Solved Solutions 2026
Updated.
Body defenses that respond to generalized tissue damage and many common pathogens are
referred to as
Select one:
a. Phagocytic
b. Non-specific defenses
c. Antipathogenic mechanisms
d. Lymphomas
e. Specific mechanisms - Answer b
When comparing viruses and bacteria, which one of the following statements is CORRECT?
Select one:
a. Viruses are larger than bacteria
b. Viruses and bacteria are both able to reproduce on their own.
c. Viruses are pathogens; bacteria are decomposers
d. Viruses have membrane-bound organelles; bacteria do not have organelles
e. Viruses and bacteria both contain genetic material. - Answer e
Antibiotics are most likely to be effective in the treatment of infections caused by
Select one:
a. Parasitic worms
b. Prions
c. Fleas and ticks
d. Viruses
e. Bacteria - Answer e
Which of the following is TRUE regarding lymph nodes?
Select one:
a. They remove bacteria and pathogens from the lymph fluid and return them to the
bloodstream.
,b. They filter lymph fluid, trapping microorganisms and abnormal cells.
c. They are located only in the digestive tract and neck
d. Macrophages, but not lymphocytes, can be found in the lymph nodes
e. Lymph flows from the lymph vessels to the urinary system. - Answer b
Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the spleen?
Select one:
a. Red pulp of the spleen stores excess blood.
b. The spleen has the same functions as the tonsils.
c. White pulp of the spleen contains macrophages that kill microorganisms circulating in the
lymph.White pulp of the spleen contains macrophages that kill microorganisms circulating in the
lymph.microorganisms circulating in the lymph.
d. Red pulp of the spleen contains primarily lymphocytes.
e. It is located in the lower portion of the thoracic cavity. - Answer a
The release of chemicals from injured cells triggers histamine release from
Select one:
a. Mast cells
b. Eosinophils
c. Macrophages
d. Lymphocytes
e. Neutrophils - Answer a
Which of the following leukocytes is most likely to be directly involved in the destruction of
flukes (a parasitic flatworm)?
Select one:
a. Neutrophils
b. Eosinophils
c. Plasma cells
d. Killer T Cells
e. Basophils - Answer b
All of the following are involved in the inflammatory response EXCEPT
Select one:
,a. Phagocytes
b. Antibodies
c. histamine
d. Mast cells
e. Basophils - Answer b
Which of the following are proteins in the blood that can be activated to lyse bacterial cells,
mark other bacterial cells for destruction, and enhance inflammation?
Select one:
a. Immunoglobulin
b. Albumin
c. Globulin
d. Hemoglobin
e. Complement - Answer e
Antibodies are classified by size, location, and function, and which one of the following
represents the most common type of immunoglobulin?
Select one:
a. IgA
b. IgM
c. IgE
d. MHC
e. IgG - Answer e
Which one type of cells is responsible for producing and releasing antibodies?
Select one:
a. Neutrophils
b. T lymphocytes
c. Natural killer cells
d. Red bone marrow
e. B lymphocytes - Answer e
Which one of the following is characteristic of T lymphocytes but NOT B lymphocytes?
, Select one:
a. Direct attack of the antigen-bearing cell
b. antibody-mediated immunity
c. Production of plasma cells
d. Maturation in the bone marrow
e. Release of immunoblobulins - Answer a
The advantage of having memory cells in specific defenses is that
Select one:
a. they prevent production of other proteins so that antibodies can be produced.
b. if exposed to an antigen a second time, they quickly become antibody producing cells.
c. they remain in an active state, continuously producing antibodies.
d. they prevent viruses from entering the body a second time.
e. they produce antibodies and can become phagocytic. - Answer b
Which of the following classes of antibodies activates the inflammatory (and allergic) response
by causing the release of histamine?
Select one:
a. IgE
b. IgA
c. IgM
d. IgD
e. IgG - Answer a
Which one of the following types of T cells is a critical component of the immune system
because it stimulates and enhances the activity of other components of the immune system?
Select one:
a. Supressor T Cell
b. CD8 T Cell
c. Helper T Cell
d. Killer T Cell
e. Natural Killer Cell - Answer c
Inflammation of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands is (are) called:
and Already Solved Solutions 2026
Updated.
Body defenses that respond to generalized tissue damage and many common pathogens are
referred to as
Select one:
a. Phagocytic
b. Non-specific defenses
c. Antipathogenic mechanisms
d. Lymphomas
e. Specific mechanisms - Answer b
When comparing viruses and bacteria, which one of the following statements is CORRECT?
Select one:
a. Viruses are larger than bacteria
b. Viruses and bacteria are both able to reproduce on their own.
c. Viruses are pathogens; bacteria are decomposers
d. Viruses have membrane-bound organelles; bacteria do not have organelles
e. Viruses and bacteria both contain genetic material. - Answer e
Antibiotics are most likely to be effective in the treatment of infections caused by
Select one:
a. Parasitic worms
b. Prions
c. Fleas and ticks
d. Viruses
e. Bacteria - Answer e
Which of the following is TRUE regarding lymph nodes?
Select one:
a. They remove bacteria and pathogens from the lymph fluid and return them to the
bloodstream.
,b. They filter lymph fluid, trapping microorganisms and abnormal cells.
c. They are located only in the digestive tract and neck
d. Macrophages, but not lymphocytes, can be found in the lymph nodes
e. Lymph flows from the lymph vessels to the urinary system. - Answer b
Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the spleen?
Select one:
a. Red pulp of the spleen stores excess blood.
b. The spleen has the same functions as the tonsils.
c. White pulp of the spleen contains macrophages that kill microorganisms circulating in the
lymph.White pulp of the spleen contains macrophages that kill microorganisms circulating in the
lymph.microorganisms circulating in the lymph.
d. Red pulp of the spleen contains primarily lymphocytes.
e. It is located in the lower portion of the thoracic cavity. - Answer a
The release of chemicals from injured cells triggers histamine release from
Select one:
a. Mast cells
b. Eosinophils
c. Macrophages
d. Lymphocytes
e. Neutrophils - Answer a
Which of the following leukocytes is most likely to be directly involved in the destruction of
flukes (a parasitic flatworm)?
Select one:
a. Neutrophils
b. Eosinophils
c. Plasma cells
d. Killer T Cells
e. Basophils - Answer b
All of the following are involved in the inflammatory response EXCEPT
Select one:
,a. Phagocytes
b. Antibodies
c. histamine
d. Mast cells
e. Basophils - Answer b
Which of the following are proteins in the blood that can be activated to lyse bacterial cells,
mark other bacterial cells for destruction, and enhance inflammation?
Select one:
a. Immunoglobulin
b. Albumin
c. Globulin
d. Hemoglobin
e. Complement - Answer e
Antibodies are classified by size, location, and function, and which one of the following
represents the most common type of immunoglobulin?
Select one:
a. IgA
b. IgM
c. IgE
d. MHC
e. IgG - Answer e
Which one type of cells is responsible for producing and releasing antibodies?
Select one:
a. Neutrophils
b. T lymphocytes
c. Natural killer cells
d. Red bone marrow
e. B lymphocytes - Answer e
Which one of the following is characteristic of T lymphocytes but NOT B lymphocytes?
, Select one:
a. Direct attack of the antigen-bearing cell
b. antibody-mediated immunity
c. Production of plasma cells
d. Maturation in the bone marrow
e. Release of immunoblobulins - Answer a
The advantage of having memory cells in specific defenses is that
Select one:
a. they prevent production of other proteins so that antibodies can be produced.
b. if exposed to an antigen a second time, they quickly become antibody producing cells.
c. they remain in an active state, continuously producing antibodies.
d. they prevent viruses from entering the body a second time.
e. they produce antibodies and can become phagocytic. - Answer b
Which of the following classes of antibodies activates the inflammatory (and allergic) response
by causing the release of histamine?
Select one:
a. IgE
b. IgA
c. IgM
d. IgD
e. IgG - Answer a
Which one of the following types of T cells is a critical component of the immune system
because it stimulates and enhances the activity of other components of the immune system?
Select one:
a. Supressor T Cell
b. CD8 T Cell
c. Helper T Cell
d. Killer T Cell
e. Natural Killer Cell - Answer c
Inflammation of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands is (are) called:
