PSYC 3402 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Mental Disorder and the Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) - CORRECT
ANSWER The primary tool used to diagnose mental disorders
The International Statistical classification of Diseases (ICD) published by the World Health
Organization is used to classify mental disorders
The DSM-V (2013) - CORRECT ANSWER Key changes in this version include
harmonization between the DSM and the ICD and the dropping of a multi-axle description
Mental disorder - CORRECT ANSWER a syndrome characterized by clinically
significant disturbance in an individuals:
cognition
emotion regulation , or behaviour that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological
or developmental process underlying mental functioning
They are associated with significant distress in social, occupational, or other important
activities
The DSM III: - CORRECT ANSWER introduced the multi axial system designed to
provide a more comprehensive description of the individual being assessed
Axis I: Clinical disorders: - CORRECT ANSWER including mood disorders, anxiety
disorders, phobias, schizophrenia, bi-polar disorders, dissociative disorders gender identity
disorders, eating disorders, substance-related disorders and developmental and learning
disorders
Axis II: - CORRECT ANSWER Mental retardation and personality disorders:
including avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive, histrionic, antisocial, borderline,
narcissistic, paranoid, schizoid and schizotypal disorders
,Axis III: General Medical Conditions - CORRECT ANSWER that may be related to
mental disorder or that might influence the choice of medications for treating the disorder
Although the DSM-V dropped the multi-axial system the axial approach is still somewhat
helpful from a criminal justice and criminal responsibility perspective - CORRECT
ANSWER Axis I: Individuals meeting axis I disorder are to be diverted to the mental
health system rather than go through the criminal justice system
Axis II: disorders, symptoms disrupt interactions with others but do not impair one's ability to
know right from wrong and to form intent
Assessment And decisions regarding mental disordered conflict with the courts: - CORRECT
ANSWER In cases where the police immediately considers the individuals to be
mentally disordered they can take them directly to a psychiatric emergency department in a
hospital
If concern still remain after examination by a psychiatrist the accused can be involuntarily
admitted to a psychiatric hospital under a civil commitment order
Alternatively, the accused can be arrested, taken to jail/court, ad then referred for a forensic
assessment
Time limit is usually 30 days
Unfit to stand trial: Section 2 of the Canadian Criminal code: - CORRECT ANSWER "
An accused is unfit to stand trial if he or she is unable on account of a mental disorder to
conduct a defence at any stage of the proceedings before a verdict is rendered or to instruct
counsel to do so, and in particular on account of mental disorder to: Understand the nature or
object of the proceedings Understand the possible consequences of the proceedings Or
communicate with counsel
Problems with Diagnoses: - CORRECT ANSWER Developed primarily by psychiatry
so may not reflect psychological research
Is unrelated to causation
, There are different classification systems
Prevalence varies by model used
Canada & UK are using severe personality disorder as a criterion for indeterminate
sentencing
Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder (NCRMD) - CORRECT
ANSWER If there is no criminal intent then there is no crime, it is presumed that if you
know what you're doing and subsequently choose to do it, you are culpable. (Mens rea)
If you are mental disorders and undo not understand the consequences fo your actions then
you should not be culpable for your actions (no mens rea)
If a person fails this competency assessment they may be diverted to mental health system
he effects of deinstitutionalization on the Prison population - CORRECT
ANSWER Given this deinstitutionalization of mentally ill patients over 2 decades in
Canada it is possible that the resultant diminished access to health care and social support
systems led to these patients seeking such services in the criminal justice system
In comparison to community rates, offenders experience much greater mental health
symptoms, consistent with Teplin's (1990) comment that: Jails have become a repository of
the severely mentally ill
Criminalization of the mentally ill (Brink et al 2001): - CORRECT ANSWER People
with antisocial personality engage in criminal behaviour. Prisoners have high rates of
antisocial personality. Therefore, mental disorder is related to crime
Brink, Doherty and Boer (2001): - CORRECT ANSWER Concluded that such findings
suggest that inadequate social policy and arrest bias alone fail to explain the high prevalence
rates of mental disorders in prison populations
Stigma: - CORRECT ANSWER is primarily a problem of behaviours resulting in the
unfair inequitable treatment of people with mental illness a common misconception is that all
mentally ill individuals are violent and unpredictable, as this is often depicted in media
It occurs at individual,
group,
and agency levels
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Mental Disorder and the Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) - CORRECT
ANSWER The primary tool used to diagnose mental disorders
The International Statistical classification of Diseases (ICD) published by the World Health
Organization is used to classify mental disorders
The DSM-V (2013) - CORRECT ANSWER Key changes in this version include
harmonization between the DSM and the ICD and the dropping of a multi-axle description
Mental disorder - CORRECT ANSWER a syndrome characterized by clinically
significant disturbance in an individuals:
cognition
emotion regulation , or behaviour that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological
or developmental process underlying mental functioning
They are associated with significant distress in social, occupational, or other important
activities
The DSM III: - CORRECT ANSWER introduced the multi axial system designed to
provide a more comprehensive description of the individual being assessed
Axis I: Clinical disorders: - CORRECT ANSWER including mood disorders, anxiety
disorders, phobias, schizophrenia, bi-polar disorders, dissociative disorders gender identity
disorders, eating disorders, substance-related disorders and developmental and learning
disorders
Axis II: - CORRECT ANSWER Mental retardation and personality disorders:
including avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive, histrionic, antisocial, borderline,
narcissistic, paranoid, schizoid and schizotypal disorders
,Axis III: General Medical Conditions - CORRECT ANSWER that may be related to
mental disorder or that might influence the choice of medications for treating the disorder
Although the DSM-V dropped the multi-axial system the axial approach is still somewhat
helpful from a criminal justice and criminal responsibility perspective - CORRECT
ANSWER Axis I: Individuals meeting axis I disorder are to be diverted to the mental
health system rather than go through the criminal justice system
Axis II: disorders, symptoms disrupt interactions with others but do not impair one's ability to
know right from wrong and to form intent
Assessment And decisions regarding mental disordered conflict with the courts: - CORRECT
ANSWER In cases where the police immediately considers the individuals to be
mentally disordered they can take them directly to a psychiatric emergency department in a
hospital
If concern still remain after examination by a psychiatrist the accused can be involuntarily
admitted to a psychiatric hospital under a civil commitment order
Alternatively, the accused can be arrested, taken to jail/court, ad then referred for a forensic
assessment
Time limit is usually 30 days
Unfit to stand trial: Section 2 of the Canadian Criminal code: - CORRECT ANSWER "
An accused is unfit to stand trial if he or she is unable on account of a mental disorder to
conduct a defence at any stage of the proceedings before a verdict is rendered or to instruct
counsel to do so, and in particular on account of mental disorder to: Understand the nature or
object of the proceedings Understand the possible consequences of the proceedings Or
communicate with counsel
Problems with Diagnoses: - CORRECT ANSWER Developed primarily by psychiatry
so may not reflect psychological research
Is unrelated to causation
, There are different classification systems
Prevalence varies by model used
Canada & UK are using severe personality disorder as a criterion for indeterminate
sentencing
Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder (NCRMD) - CORRECT
ANSWER If there is no criminal intent then there is no crime, it is presumed that if you
know what you're doing and subsequently choose to do it, you are culpable. (Mens rea)
If you are mental disorders and undo not understand the consequences fo your actions then
you should not be culpable for your actions (no mens rea)
If a person fails this competency assessment they may be diverted to mental health system
he effects of deinstitutionalization on the Prison population - CORRECT
ANSWER Given this deinstitutionalization of mentally ill patients over 2 decades in
Canada it is possible that the resultant diminished access to health care and social support
systems led to these patients seeking such services in the criminal justice system
In comparison to community rates, offenders experience much greater mental health
symptoms, consistent with Teplin's (1990) comment that: Jails have become a repository of
the severely mentally ill
Criminalization of the mentally ill (Brink et al 2001): - CORRECT ANSWER People
with antisocial personality engage in criminal behaviour. Prisoners have high rates of
antisocial personality. Therefore, mental disorder is related to crime
Brink, Doherty and Boer (2001): - CORRECT ANSWER Concluded that such findings
suggest that inadequate social policy and arrest bias alone fail to explain the high prevalence
rates of mental disorders in prison populations
Stigma: - CORRECT ANSWER is primarily a problem of behaviours resulting in the
unfair inequitable treatment of people with mental illness a common misconception is that all
mentally ill individuals are violent and unpredictable, as this is often depicted in media
It occurs at individual,
group,
and agency levels
