PSYC3402: Criminal Behaviour Midterm
Exam UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
What is crime? - CORRECT ANSWER A socially constructed phenomenon subject to
variations across time and culture.
What is the age of criminal responsibility in Ireland? - CORRECT ANSWER 7 years
old.
What is the age of criminal responsibility in Canada? - CORRECT ANSWER 12 years
old.
What is legal crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Offences that are punishable by law.
What is moral crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Crimes that violate norms of religion or
morality, punishable by supreme beings.
What is social crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Crimes that violate community norms
and cultures, punishable by the community.
What is psychological crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Crimes that are rewarding to one
person but harmful to others.
Name three offences consistently viewed as criminal. - CORRECT ANSWER Incest,
robbery, and theft.
What is the definition of criminal behavior according to Bartol & Bartol (2017)? -
CORRECT ANSWER Intentional behavior that violates a criminal code.
,What is the Consensus Theory of Crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Crime is defined in a
manner broadly agreed upon by society.
What is the Conflict Theory of Crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Crime is determined by
socially powerful groups.
Why should we measure crime? - CORRECT ANSWER To evaluate the criminal
justice system, facilitate theory construction, and impact policy.
What are the annual costs of corrections in Canada? - CORRECT ANSWER ~4.6
billion dollars.
How many Canadians are formally involved in the criminal justice system? - CORRECT
ANSWER 3.1 million Canadians.
What is the prevalence of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER The number of individuals
committing crime at a specific point in time.
What was the prevalence rate of criminal offences in Canada for 2019/2020? - CORRECT
ANSWER 0.61% or 6,100 adults per 100,000.
What is the incidence of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER The number of crimes/events
over a specified time period.
What does the Crime Severity Index (CSI) measure? - CORRECT ANSWER Changes
in the severity of police-reported crime year to year.
What is the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCRS)? - CORRECT ANSWER A
measure of police-reported crime annually.
What is the General Social Survey (GSS)? - CORRECT ANSWER A victimization
survey conducted every 5 years for Canadians aged 15 and over.
, What is a methodological weakness of official statistics? - CORRECT ANSWER Not
all crime is reported to police, leading to a 'dark figure' of crime.
What percentage of Canadians report being victims of crime each year? - CORRECT
ANSWER 20% or approximately 5.6 million Canadians.
What is a correlate of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER A variable associated with
criminal behavior, discovered using correlation research designs.
What is a risk factor (predictor variable)? - CORRECT ANSWER A variable that
precedes the outcome of interest and increases the probability of that outcome.
What is a problem with correlates in crime research? - CORRECT ANSWER Cannot
infer causality; correlation does not imply causation.
How does media influence public perception of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Media
exaggerates crime stories, leading to increased fear and misperception of crime rates.
What demographic is most likely to be victims of violent crime? - CORRECT
ANSWER Females aged 15-39.
What trend was observed in crime rates in Canada since the 1990s? - CORRECT
ANSWER Crime rates peaked in the 90s and have been declining since then.
What influences public perception of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Media, personal
experiences, politics, and education.
What is a risk factor? - CORRECT ANSWER A variable that precedes the outcome of
interest and increases the probability that the outcome will occur.
Exam UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
What is crime? - CORRECT ANSWER A socially constructed phenomenon subject to
variations across time and culture.
What is the age of criminal responsibility in Ireland? - CORRECT ANSWER 7 years
old.
What is the age of criminal responsibility in Canada? - CORRECT ANSWER 12 years
old.
What is legal crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Offences that are punishable by law.
What is moral crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Crimes that violate norms of religion or
morality, punishable by supreme beings.
What is social crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Crimes that violate community norms
and cultures, punishable by the community.
What is psychological crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Crimes that are rewarding to one
person but harmful to others.
Name three offences consistently viewed as criminal. - CORRECT ANSWER Incest,
robbery, and theft.
What is the definition of criminal behavior according to Bartol & Bartol (2017)? -
CORRECT ANSWER Intentional behavior that violates a criminal code.
,What is the Consensus Theory of Crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Crime is defined in a
manner broadly agreed upon by society.
What is the Conflict Theory of Crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Crime is determined by
socially powerful groups.
Why should we measure crime? - CORRECT ANSWER To evaluate the criminal
justice system, facilitate theory construction, and impact policy.
What are the annual costs of corrections in Canada? - CORRECT ANSWER ~4.6
billion dollars.
How many Canadians are formally involved in the criminal justice system? - CORRECT
ANSWER 3.1 million Canadians.
What is the prevalence of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER The number of individuals
committing crime at a specific point in time.
What was the prevalence rate of criminal offences in Canada for 2019/2020? - CORRECT
ANSWER 0.61% or 6,100 adults per 100,000.
What is the incidence of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER The number of crimes/events
over a specified time period.
What does the Crime Severity Index (CSI) measure? - CORRECT ANSWER Changes
in the severity of police-reported crime year to year.
What is the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCRS)? - CORRECT ANSWER A
measure of police-reported crime annually.
What is the General Social Survey (GSS)? - CORRECT ANSWER A victimization
survey conducted every 5 years for Canadians aged 15 and over.
, What is a methodological weakness of official statistics? - CORRECT ANSWER Not
all crime is reported to police, leading to a 'dark figure' of crime.
What percentage of Canadians report being victims of crime each year? - CORRECT
ANSWER 20% or approximately 5.6 million Canadians.
What is a correlate of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER A variable associated with
criminal behavior, discovered using correlation research designs.
What is a risk factor (predictor variable)? - CORRECT ANSWER A variable that
precedes the outcome of interest and increases the probability of that outcome.
What is a problem with correlates in crime research? - CORRECT ANSWER Cannot
infer causality; correlation does not imply causation.
How does media influence public perception of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Media
exaggerates crime stories, leading to increased fear and misperception of crime rates.
What demographic is most likely to be victims of violent crime? - CORRECT
ANSWER Females aged 15-39.
What trend was observed in crime rates in Canada since the 1990s? - CORRECT
ANSWER Crime rates peaked in the 90s and have been declining since then.
What influences public perception of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Media, personal
experiences, politics, and education.
What is a risk factor? - CORRECT ANSWER A variable that precedes the outcome of
interest and increases the probability that the outcome will occur.
