NR605 Week 8
1. Psychotherapy with older adults considerations: -higher prevalence of de-
mentia
•raises need for neuropsychological screening
-higher prevalence of medical disorders
• req careful consideration of physical causes of symptoms & effects of meds
1. Child Development:: -Physical Development
• by three months, infants can lift their heads and clasp their hands
• by six months, they may roll over, sit with support, and reach for objects and
transfer them from hand to hand
• by one year, infants can stand and start to take steps
• by one year, birth weight triples and height increases by 50%
-Cognitive and Language Development
• by two months, infants start to coo
• by six months, infants begin to babble
• by nine months, infants imitate sounds and know their name
• by one year, infants begin to say words and can follow one-step commands
-Psychosocial Development
• by four months, infants socially smile
• by six months, infants enjoy their reflection in a mirror.
• by nine months, infants enjoy peekaboo and often develop stranger anxiety
-Health History
• obtain information from the parent or caregiver observation and report of
infant behavior and activity
-Physical Exam
• perform as much of the exam with the infant in parent or caregiver's lap as
possible
• keep familiar toys or blankets with infant
• feed hungry infants before examining them
• use a toy or object or play for distraction
-Health Promotion
• administer immunizations per the recommended schedule
• newborn screens: genetic and metabolic screening; hearing screen, screen
for congenital heart disease; bilirubin screening
• anticipatory guidance: illness prevention; anticipated growth and
development; and when to call for advice
,2. Child Development: Toddler (1 to 4 years): -Physical Development
• after age 2, growth is about 5 centimeters (cm) and gain about 2-3 kilograms
(kg) per year
• gross motor skills develop from walking to running, jumping, climbing, and
riding a
, tricycle
• fine motor skills develop from beginning to feed self, to scribbling, to
drawing a person and writing letters
-Cognitive and Language Development
• by two years, toddlers can speak in two to three-word sentences and
have a vocabulary of up to 300 words
• by four years, preschoolers form complex sentences
-Psychosocial Development
• toddlers develop from pretend play, to parallel play, to actual play
• toddlers have a desire for independence
• toddlers are impulsive with poor self-regulation and may have temper
tantrums
-Health History
• obtain information from the parent or caregiver observation and report of
toddler behavior and activity
• during the health history assessment, the nurse practitioner (NP) can
establish rapport with the child and parent or caregiver
-Physical Exam
• toddlers may be alarmed at the examiner and may be uncooperative
• engage children in age-appropriate conversation to gain trust
• complete most of the exam with the child in the parent or caregiver's lap
• when examining siblings during the same appointment, approach the oldest
child first because they may be more cooperative
• conduct the exam with the least distressing procedures (i.e., eyes and neck) to
the most distressing procedures (i.e., throat and ears)
• utilize patience, distraction, and play
-Health Promotion
• administer immunizations per the recommended schedule
• injury and illness prevention: use of car seats, tobacco exposure, supervision
• nutrition and exercise: obesity assessment, healthy meals, and snacks
• oral health: teeth brushing and dental visits
• screening tests: vision starting at age 3; hearing starting at age 4; hematocrit
and lead (if high risk)
3. Child Development: Children (5 to 10 years): -Physical Development
• develops enhanced strength and coordination
• growth is steady but slower
-Cognitive Development
• become more "concrete operational" and are capable of limited logic and
more complex learning
• focus on the present and achievement of knowledge and skills
1. Psychotherapy with older adults considerations: -higher prevalence of de-
mentia
•raises need for neuropsychological screening
-higher prevalence of medical disorders
• req careful consideration of physical causes of symptoms & effects of meds
1. Child Development:: -Physical Development
• by three months, infants can lift their heads and clasp their hands
• by six months, they may roll over, sit with support, and reach for objects and
transfer them from hand to hand
• by one year, infants can stand and start to take steps
• by one year, birth weight triples and height increases by 50%
-Cognitive and Language Development
• by two months, infants start to coo
• by six months, infants begin to babble
• by nine months, infants imitate sounds and know their name
• by one year, infants begin to say words and can follow one-step commands
-Psychosocial Development
• by four months, infants socially smile
• by six months, infants enjoy their reflection in a mirror.
• by nine months, infants enjoy peekaboo and often develop stranger anxiety
-Health History
• obtain information from the parent or caregiver observation and report of
infant behavior and activity
-Physical Exam
• perform as much of the exam with the infant in parent or caregiver's lap as
possible
• keep familiar toys or blankets with infant
• feed hungry infants before examining them
• use a toy or object or play for distraction
-Health Promotion
• administer immunizations per the recommended schedule
• newborn screens: genetic and metabolic screening; hearing screen, screen
for congenital heart disease; bilirubin screening
• anticipatory guidance: illness prevention; anticipated growth and
development; and when to call for advice
,2. Child Development: Toddler (1 to 4 years): -Physical Development
• after age 2, growth is about 5 centimeters (cm) and gain about 2-3 kilograms
(kg) per year
• gross motor skills develop from walking to running, jumping, climbing, and
riding a
, tricycle
• fine motor skills develop from beginning to feed self, to scribbling, to
drawing a person and writing letters
-Cognitive and Language Development
• by two years, toddlers can speak in two to three-word sentences and
have a vocabulary of up to 300 words
• by four years, preschoolers form complex sentences
-Psychosocial Development
• toddlers develop from pretend play, to parallel play, to actual play
• toddlers have a desire for independence
• toddlers are impulsive with poor self-regulation and may have temper
tantrums
-Health History
• obtain information from the parent or caregiver observation and report of
toddler behavior and activity
• during the health history assessment, the nurse practitioner (NP) can
establish rapport with the child and parent or caregiver
-Physical Exam
• toddlers may be alarmed at the examiner and may be uncooperative
• engage children in age-appropriate conversation to gain trust
• complete most of the exam with the child in the parent or caregiver's lap
• when examining siblings during the same appointment, approach the oldest
child first because they may be more cooperative
• conduct the exam with the least distressing procedures (i.e., eyes and neck) to
the most distressing procedures (i.e., throat and ears)
• utilize patience, distraction, and play
-Health Promotion
• administer immunizations per the recommended schedule
• injury and illness prevention: use of car seats, tobacco exposure, supervision
• nutrition and exercise: obesity assessment, healthy meals, and snacks
• oral health: teeth brushing and dental visits
• screening tests: vision starting at age 3; hearing starting at age 4; hematocrit
and lead (if high risk)
3. Child Development: Children (5 to 10 years): -Physical Development
• develops enhanced strength and coordination
• growth is steady but slower
-Cognitive Development
• become more "concrete operational" and are capable of limited logic and
more complex learning
• focus on the present and achievement of knowledge and skills
