Pilot Pathway 2 - Unit 7: Aviation Human Factors & Safety Mastery |First Class Medical, Second Class Medical, Third Class Medical, BasicMed, Special Issuance, IMSAFE, PAVE, Risk Management, Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM), Alcohol & Drug Limitations, H

Pilot Pathway 2 - Unit 7: Aviation Human Factors & Safety Mastery |First Class Medical, Second Class Medical, Third Class Medical, BasicMed, Special Issuance, IMSAFE, PAVE, Risk Management, Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM), Alcohol & Drug Limitations, Hazardous Attitudes (Anti-Authority, Impulsivity, Invulnerability, Macho, Resignation), DECIDE Model, AAV1ATE, ATOMATO FLAMES, ARROW, ATAPER/PDLL, NWKRAFT, Hypoxia (Hypoxic, Stagnant, Histotoxic, Hypemic), Supplemental Oxygen, Hyperventilation, Scuba Diving, Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, Sinus Block, Visual System (Rods, Cones, Dark Adaptation), Spatial Disorientation, Vestibular System, Somatosensory System, Motion Sickness, Illusions (Coriolis, Leans, Graveyard Spiral, Somatogravic, Inversion, Elevator)Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 First Class Medical Certificate Required for airline transport pilots, valid for 1 year if under 40, for 6 months if 40 or older. Reverts to Second Class when expired. Second Class Medical Certificate Required for commercial pilots, valid for 1 year regardless of age. Reverts to Third Class when expired Third Class Medical Certificate Required for private pilots, valid for 5 years if under 40, for 2 years if 40 or over BasicMed Certificate An alternative to traditional medical certification for non-commercial operations that lasts for 4 years. Limitations: Can't get paid to fly, No heavier than 6,000 lbs, No more than 6 occupants, No higher than 18,000 feet, No faster than 250 KIAS, Must stay in the US Special Issuance Medical Certificate Medical certificate issued to person with disqualifying condition that is valid only for a specified period and expires at the end of that validity period. Often has additional limitations. Risk management Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk during flight. 1. Accept no unnecessary risk. 2. Don't let others decide for you 3. Accept risk only when it outweighs dangers 4. Incorporate risk management regularly IMSAFE Pilots should consider the following factors before deciding whether to fly each day. Illness, Medication, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, Eating Accident chain accident can be traced through a series of decisions and incidents, forming a "chain, often human error PAVE Risk management strategy to ensure it's safe to fly. P: Pilot in command (is the pilot ready?) A: Aircraft (Is the aircraft safe to fly?) V: enVironment (weather, terrain, airports, time) E: External pressures (is there pressure from others to arrive on time? Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM) Systematic approach to the mental process used by pilots to consistently determine the best course of action for a given set of circumstances Alcohol consumption 14 CFR 91.17 states pilots must maintain minimum of 8 hours prior to drinking, may not be under the influence while flying, and BAC may not be 0.04 or greater. Pilots may not carry intoxicated passengers unless in an emergency Drug consumption Legal and illegal drugs (including over-the-counter drugs) have strict limitations when flying and can cause performance and safety issues. Drug effects are greater at altitude. Need to refer to the FAA's prohibited drug list. Anti-authority Hazardous attitude: "Nobody can tell me what to do." Antidote: follow the rules, they're written for a reason and are usually right.