UNE Patho Midterm Test Questions
and All Correct Answers 2026 Edition.
Restoration of oxygen to oxygen-deprived tissues may result in: - Answer reperfusion injury
While planning care for a patient with lysosomal rupture, the nurse recalls lysosomal rupture
during hypoxic injury leads to: - Answer auto digestion of cells
Adaptive cellular mechanisms function to: - Answer protect cells from injury
Cellular atrophy involves: - Answer a decrease in cell size
If a patient has hypoxic injury, which of the following would be suspected as the most common
cause? - Answer Ischemia
What is the process by which cells program themselves to die? - Answer Apoptosis
Which of the following is most likely to accumulate and be found by a pathologist in any dead or
dying tissues? - Answer calcium
When a patient has injury to the endoplasmic reticulum due to hypoxic injury, which of the
following would be expected? - Answer a decrease in protein synthesis
A patient has an increased cardiac workload related to high blood pressure (hypertension). what
adaptive process would be expected to occur in the patients myocardial cells of the left
ventricle? - Answer Hypertrophy
Free radicals directly injure cells by: - Answer DNA fragmentation, lipid per oxidation and
mitochondria damage.
While caring for a pregnant patient, the nurse realizes that the hypertrophy of the uterus
myometrium is called: - Answer physiologic hypertrophy
GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) function to: - Answer activate intracellular enzyme systems
The energy derived from the transport of electrons along the electron transport chain on the
inner mitochondrial membrane is used to: - Answer synthesize ATP
, Do cells respond to environmental stress? - Answer True
Which of the following reactions would occur in the body spontaneously without energy input
(ATP)? - Answer Potassium exiting the cell
Do the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane have low permeability to charged and polar
molecules. - Answer True
Which phase of the cell cycle is when DNA replication takes place? - Answer S Phase
Which statement ending would be False regarding adaptive charges of cells? Cells can adapt to
changes in the environment by: - Answer catabolism
Glycolysis is the metabolic process of breaking down a glucose molecule to form: - Answer 2
ATP and 2 pyruvate
Do diffusion and osmosis occur passively? - Answer True
Which of the following electrolytes is found in the highest concentration in the intracellular fluid
(ICF)? - Answer Potassium
While reviewing arterial blood gas results, a nurse finds that the patient has a high bicarbonate
level. Which condition would be expected to be documented on the patients chart? - Answer
Alkalosis
A nurse is checking EKG results and notices a tall T wave. What does the nurse suspect the
patient is experiencing? - Answer Hyperkalemia
A patient asks what aldosterone does. How would the nurse respond? Aldosterone: - Answer
Promotes sodium and water retention
The largest fluid compartment in the body is: - Answer Intracellular
A nurse is planning care for patients with potassium disorders. Which assessment is priority for
these patients? - Answer Cardiac
and All Correct Answers 2026 Edition.
Restoration of oxygen to oxygen-deprived tissues may result in: - Answer reperfusion injury
While planning care for a patient with lysosomal rupture, the nurse recalls lysosomal rupture
during hypoxic injury leads to: - Answer auto digestion of cells
Adaptive cellular mechanisms function to: - Answer protect cells from injury
Cellular atrophy involves: - Answer a decrease in cell size
If a patient has hypoxic injury, which of the following would be suspected as the most common
cause? - Answer Ischemia
What is the process by which cells program themselves to die? - Answer Apoptosis
Which of the following is most likely to accumulate and be found by a pathologist in any dead or
dying tissues? - Answer calcium
When a patient has injury to the endoplasmic reticulum due to hypoxic injury, which of the
following would be expected? - Answer a decrease in protein synthesis
A patient has an increased cardiac workload related to high blood pressure (hypertension). what
adaptive process would be expected to occur in the patients myocardial cells of the left
ventricle? - Answer Hypertrophy
Free radicals directly injure cells by: - Answer DNA fragmentation, lipid per oxidation and
mitochondria damage.
While caring for a pregnant patient, the nurse realizes that the hypertrophy of the uterus
myometrium is called: - Answer physiologic hypertrophy
GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) function to: - Answer activate intracellular enzyme systems
The energy derived from the transport of electrons along the electron transport chain on the
inner mitochondrial membrane is used to: - Answer synthesize ATP
, Do cells respond to environmental stress? - Answer True
Which of the following reactions would occur in the body spontaneously without energy input
(ATP)? - Answer Potassium exiting the cell
Do the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane have low permeability to charged and polar
molecules. - Answer True
Which phase of the cell cycle is when DNA replication takes place? - Answer S Phase
Which statement ending would be False regarding adaptive charges of cells? Cells can adapt to
changes in the environment by: - Answer catabolism
Glycolysis is the metabolic process of breaking down a glucose molecule to form: - Answer 2
ATP and 2 pyruvate
Do diffusion and osmosis occur passively? - Answer True
Which of the following electrolytes is found in the highest concentration in the intracellular fluid
(ICF)? - Answer Potassium
While reviewing arterial blood gas results, a nurse finds that the patient has a high bicarbonate
level. Which condition would be expected to be documented on the patients chart? - Answer
Alkalosis
A nurse is checking EKG results and notices a tall T wave. What does the nurse suspect the
patient is experiencing? - Answer Hyperkalemia
A patient asks what aldosterone does. How would the nurse respond? Aldosterone: - Answer
Promotes sodium and water retention
The largest fluid compartment in the body is: - Answer Intracellular
A nurse is planning care for patients with potassium disorders. Which assessment is priority for
these patients? - Answer Cardiac
