BIOL 180 – Midterm Exam Assessment TOP 150 MOST TESTED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS MOST RECENT ONE GRADED A+ | ASSURED SUCCESS/NEWEST UPDATE | MOST TESTED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

BIOL 180 – Midterm Exam Assessment
TOP 150 MOST TESTED QUESTIONS WITH

VERIFIED ANSWERS MOST RECENT ONE

GRADED A+ | ASSURED

SUCCESS/NEWEST UPDATE | MOST

TESTED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS


A eukaryotic cell’s organelle responsible for ATP production is:
a. Nucleus
b. Mitochondrion
c. Golgi apparatus
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer: b. Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria are the “powerhouse” of the cell, generating ATP through
cellular respiration.
DIF: Knowledge
REF: Cell Biology
OBJ: Identify organelle functions
TOP: Cellular Structure
Which of the following best describes the fluid mosaic model?
a. DNA replication
b. Plasma membrane with proteins and lipids in motion
c. Active transport of ions

,d. Protein synthesis
Correct Answer: b. Plasma membrane with proteins and lipids in motion
Rationale: The fluid mosaic model explains the dynamic arrangement of
phospholipids and proteins within the cell membrane.
DIF: Knowledge
REF: Cell Membrane Structure
OBJ: Explain plasma membrane composition
TOP: Cellular Structure
Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids?
a. Prophase
b. Metaphase
c. Anaphase
d. Telophase
Correct Answer: c. Anaphase
Rationale: During anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the
cell, ensuring each daughter cell receives identical chromosomes.
DIF: Knowledge
REF: Cell Cycle
OBJ: Identify phases of mitosis
TOP: Cell Division
A trait controlled by multiple alleles, such as ABO blood type, is an example of:
a. Incomplete dominance
b. Codominance
c. Polygenic inheritance
d. Multiple alleles inheritance
Correct Answer: d. Multiple alleles inheritance
Rationale: ABO blood group is determined by three alleles (IA, IB, i),
demonstrating multiple alleles, while codominance occurs because IA and IB are
both expressed.
DIF: Knowledge
REF: Genetics

,OBJ: Explain multiple allele inheritance
TOP: Mendelian Genetics
Which of the following is the complementary DNA sequence to 5’-ATG CCA-3’?
a. 5’-TAC GGT-3’
b. 5’-UAC GGU-3’
c. 3’-TAC GGT-5’
d. 3’-TAG CCA-5’
Correct Answer: c. 3’-TAC GGT-5’
Rationale: DNA base pairing follows A-T and G-C; the complementary strand runs
antiparallel.
DIF: Application
REF: Molecular Biology
OBJ: Determine complementary DNA sequences
TOP: DNA Structure
The process by which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template is:
a. Translation
b. Transcription
c. Replication
d. Transformation
Correct Answer: b. Transcription
Rationale: Transcription copies DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA) for protein
synthesis.
DIF: Knowledge
REF: Molecular Biology
OBJ: Identify steps of gene expression
TOP: Gene Expression
Which type of mutation changes a codon to a stop codon, prematurely
terminating translation?
a. Missense
b. Nonsense
c. Silent

, d. Frameshift
Correct Answer: b. Nonsense
Rationale: Nonsense mutations convert an amino acid codon into a stop codon,
producing truncated proteins.
DIF: Knowledge
REF: Genetics
OBJ: Identify mutation types
TOP: Molecular Genetics
Which structure is shared by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosomes
c. Mitochondria
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer: b. Ribosomes
Rationale: Ribosomes are found in both cell types and are responsible for protein
synthesis.
DIF: Knowledge
REF: Cell Biology
OBJ: Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
TOP: Cellular Structure
Which process increases genetic variation during meiosis?
a. Independent assortment
b. DNA replication
c. Cytokinesis
d. Binary fission
Correct Answer: a. Independent assortment
Rationale: During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes are distributed randomly,
increasing genetic diversity.
DIF: Knowledge
REF: Genetics
OBJ: Explain meiosis and variation
TOP: Cell Division