RN Adult Medical Surgical Online Practice 2023 B – Practice Questions, Answers, and Rationales!!!! Page 1
RN Adult Medical Surgical Online
Practice 2023 B – Practice
Questions, Answers, and Rationales
This document contains practice questions with answers and explanations based on RN Adult Medical Surgical Online Practice 2023 B with NGN
content. The material reviews essential medical-surgical nursing concepts including cardiovascular emergencies, respiratory care, medication
management, neurological assessment, infection control, and postoperative complications. It is designed to support nursing students preparing
for ATI exams, NGN clinical judgment assessments, and NCLEX-RN style examinations.
Question 1
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
(TENS) for bone cancer pain management. What effect should the nurse explain this therapy
produces?
Answer
A tingling sensation replaces the pain.
Explanation
TENS units stimulate sensory nerve fibers and interrupt pain signals to the brain. The
electrical stimulation produces a tingling sensation that helps block the perception of pain.
Question 2
A nurse is assessing a client with a traumatic brain injury. Which finding is a component of
Cushing’s triad?
Answer
Bradycardia.
Explanation
Cushing’s triad includes bradycardia, hypertension with widened pulse pressure, and
irregular respirations. These findings indicate increased intracranial pressure.
Question 3
A nurse is teaching family members about caring for a parent with Alzheimer’s disease.
Which instruction should the nurse include?
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,RN Adult Medical Surgical Online Practice 2023 B – Practice Questions, Answers, and Rationales!!!! Page 2
Answer
Provide complete outfits and allow the client to choose one daily.
Explanation
Limiting choices helps reduce confusion and promotes independence while maintaining
dignity.
Question 4
A nurse is planning care for a client with extensive burns who is immunocompromised.
Which intervention should be included?
Answer
Do not allow plants or flowers in the room.
Explanation
Plants and flowers may harbor bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which can cause
severe infections in burn clients.
Question 5
A nurse is teaching a client with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Which instruction should be
included?
Answer
Increase fiber intake to at least 30 g daily.
Explanation
Dietary fiber improves bowel regulation and reduces IBS symptoms.
Question 6
Which finding should the nurse expect in a client with diabetes insipidus?
Answer
Low urine specific gravity.
Explanation
Diabetes insipidus causes decreased antidiuretic hormone activity, resulting in large
amounts of dilute urine.
Question 7
A client is prescribed total parenteral nutrition providing 2,000 kcal/day. The solution contains
500 kcal/L. At what rate should the IV pump be set?
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, RN Adult Medical Surgical Online Practice 2023 B – Practice Questions, Answers, and Rationales!!!! Page 3
Answer
167 mL/hr.
Explanation
2,000 kcal ÷ 500 kcal per liter = 4 L per day.
4 L equals 4,000 mL per day.
4,000 mL ÷ 24 hr = 167 mL/hr.
Question 8
Four hours after a total vaginal hysterectomy, which finding should the nurse report
immediately?
Answer
Perineal pad saturated with blood and large clots.
Explanation
Excessive bleeding after surgery may indicate hemorrhage and requires immediate provider
notification.
Question 9
A client with dysphagia is admitted to the unit. Which item should be placed at the bedside?
Answer
Suction machine.
Explanation
Clients with swallowing difficulty have a high risk of aspiration. Suction equipment should be
readily available.
Question 10
A client receiving chemotherapy receives teaching about infection prevention. Which
statement indicates understanding?
Answer
“I can ask someone else to change my cat’s litter box.”
Explanation
Clients receiving chemotherapy are immunocompromised and should avoid contact with
animal waste.
3/11/2026 3/11/2026 3/11/2026
RN Adult Medical Surgical Online
Practice 2023 B – Practice
Questions, Answers, and Rationales
This document contains practice questions with answers and explanations based on RN Adult Medical Surgical Online Practice 2023 B with NGN
content. The material reviews essential medical-surgical nursing concepts including cardiovascular emergencies, respiratory care, medication
management, neurological assessment, infection control, and postoperative complications. It is designed to support nursing students preparing
for ATI exams, NGN clinical judgment assessments, and NCLEX-RN style examinations.
Question 1
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
(TENS) for bone cancer pain management. What effect should the nurse explain this therapy
produces?
Answer
A tingling sensation replaces the pain.
Explanation
TENS units stimulate sensory nerve fibers and interrupt pain signals to the brain. The
electrical stimulation produces a tingling sensation that helps block the perception of pain.
Question 2
A nurse is assessing a client with a traumatic brain injury. Which finding is a component of
Cushing’s triad?
Answer
Bradycardia.
Explanation
Cushing’s triad includes bradycardia, hypertension with widened pulse pressure, and
irregular respirations. These findings indicate increased intracranial pressure.
Question 3
A nurse is teaching family members about caring for a parent with Alzheimer’s disease.
Which instruction should the nurse include?
3/11/2026 3/11/2026 3/11/2026
,RN Adult Medical Surgical Online Practice 2023 B – Practice Questions, Answers, and Rationales!!!! Page 2
Answer
Provide complete outfits and allow the client to choose one daily.
Explanation
Limiting choices helps reduce confusion and promotes independence while maintaining
dignity.
Question 4
A nurse is planning care for a client with extensive burns who is immunocompromised.
Which intervention should be included?
Answer
Do not allow plants or flowers in the room.
Explanation
Plants and flowers may harbor bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which can cause
severe infections in burn clients.
Question 5
A nurse is teaching a client with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Which instruction should be
included?
Answer
Increase fiber intake to at least 30 g daily.
Explanation
Dietary fiber improves bowel regulation and reduces IBS symptoms.
Question 6
Which finding should the nurse expect in a client with diabetes insipidus?
Answer
Low urine specific gravity.
Explanation
Diabetes insipidus causes decreased antidiuretic hormone activity, resulting in large
amounts of dilute urine.
Question 7
A client is prescribed total parenteral nutrition providing 2,000 kcal/day. The solution contains
500 kcal/L. At what rate should the IV pump be set?
3/11/2026 3/11/2026 3/11/2026
, RN Adult Medical Surgical Online Practice 2023 B – Practice Questions, Answers, and Rationales!!!! Page 3
Answer
167 mL/hr.
Explanation
2,000 kcal ÷ 500 kcal per liter = 4 L per day.
4 L equals 4,000 mL per day.
4,000 mL ÷ 24 hr = 167 mL/hr.
Question 8
Four hours after a total vaginal hysterectomy, which finding should the nurse report
immediately?
Answer
Perineal pad saturated with blood and large clots.
Explanation
Excessive bleeding after surgery may indicate hemorrhage and requires immediate provider
notification.
Question 9
A client with dysphagia is admitted to the unit. Which item should be placed at the bedside?
Answer
Suction machine.
Explanation
Clients with swallowing difficulty have a high risk of aspiration. Suction equipment should be
readily available.
Question 10
A client receiving chemotherapy receives teaching about infection prevention. Which
statement indicates understanding?
Answer
“I can ask someone else to change my cat’s litter box.”
Explanation
Clients receiving chemotherapy are immunocompromised and should avoid contact with
animal waste.
3/11/2026 3/11/2026 3/11/2026
