Cardiac Biomarkers For Acute Coronary
Syndrome Exam UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is acute coronary syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER acute myocardial ischemia
What are two main causes of acute coronary syndrome - CORRECT
ANSWER unstable angina (UA), acute myocardial infarction (MI--STEMI AND
NSTEMI)
What is a condition marked by severe pain the chest (often also spreading to the shoulders,
arms, and neck) caused by an inadequate supply of blood to the heart? - CORRECT
ANSWER angina
What is unstable angina? - CORRECT ANSWER NEW angina, angina that occurs at
rest, angina that occurs with lesser degrees of exertion/more severity/longer duration
What may an ECG more unstable angina show? - CORRECT ANSWER ST depression
or T wave inversion/flattening
What are the two types of acute myocardial infarction? - CORRECT
ANSWER STEMI, NSTEMI
When should an EKG be ordered if someone presents to the emergency department with ℅
acute angina - CORRECT ANSWER within 10 minutes
What is the universal definition of MI? - CORRECT ANSWER Rise in cardiac
biomarkers AND evidence of myocardial ischemia
What things can be included as evidence of myocardial ischemia? - CORRECT
ANSWER symptoms of ischemia, ECG changes of acute ischemia, new Q waves,
imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or new wall motion abnormality
, What is the most common cause of AMI? - CORRECT ANSWER OCCLUSIVE
CORONARY THROMBUS
What are some less common causes of AMI? - CORRECT ANSWER prolonged
coronary vasospasm, inadequate myocardial blood flow due to prolonged HTN, excessive
metabolic demand
Acute Coronary syndromes comprise a spectrum from what to what? - CORRECT
ANSWER unstable angina to acute MI
Can different types of acute MIs and ECG manifestations vary? - CORRECT
ANSWER yes--STEMI/NSTEMI, q wave?,
How many people have signs and symptoms similar to angina during a MI? - CORRECT
ANSWER 2/3
The "atypical" group is ⅓ of MI people who have no chest pain at all...who does this
commonly occur in? - CORRECT ANSWER diabetics, older patients, females
Can acute MI masquerade as acute HF, syncope or shock? - CORRECT ANSWER yes
how many ACS patients have signs of heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER 10%
Can cardiac biomarkers be normal upon initial patient presentation? - CORRECT
ANSWER yes
Why are chest pain observation units used? - CORRECT ANSWER to make decisions,
observe its for new episodes of chest pain, monitor ECG changes, draw labs for cardiac
biomarkers
Syndrome Exam UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is acute coronary syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER acute myocardial ischemia
What are two main causes of acute coronary syndrome - CORRECT
ANSWER unstable angina (UA), acute myocardial infarction (MI--STEMI AND
NSTEMI)
What is a condition marked by severe pain the chest (often also spreading to the shoulders,
arms, and neck) caused by an inadequate supply of blood to the heart? - CORRECT
ANSWER angina
What is unstable angina? - CORRECT ANSWER NEW angina, angina that occurs at
rest, angina that occurs with lesser degrees of exertion/more severity/longer duration
What may an ECG more unstable angina show? - CORRECT ANSWER ST depression
or T wave inversion/flattening
What are the two types of acute myocardial infarction? - CORRECT
ANSWER STEMI, NSTEMI
When should an EKG be ordered if someone presents to the emergency department with ℅
acute angina - CORRECT ANSWER within 10 minutes
What is the universal definition of MI? - CORRECT ANSWER Rise in cardiac
biomarkers AND evidence of myocardial ischemia
What things can be included as evidence of myocardial ischemia? - CORRECT
ANSWER symptoms of ischemia, ECG changes of acute ischemia, new Q waves,
imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or new wall motion abnormality
, What is the most common cause of AMI? - CORRECT ANSWER OCCLUSIVE
CORONARY THROMBUS
What are some less common causes of AMI? - CORRECT ANSWER prolonged
coronary vasospasm, inadequate myocardial blood flow due to prolonged HTN, excessive
metabolic demand
Acute Coronary syndromes comprise a spectrum from what to what? - CORRECT
ANSWER unstable angina to acute MI
Can different types of acute MIs and ECG manifestations vary? - CORRECT
ANSWER yes--STEMI/NSTEMI, q wave?,
How many people have signs and symptoms similar to angina during a MI? - CORRECT
ANSWER 2/3
The "atypical" group is ⅓ of MI people who have no chest pain at all...who does this
commonly occur in? - CORRECT ANSWER diabetics, older patients, females
Can acute MI masquerade as acute HF, syncope or shock? - CORRECT ANSWER yes
how many ACS patients have signs of heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER 10%
Can cardiac biomarkers be normal upon initial patient presentation? - CORRECT
ANSWER yes
Why are chest pain observation units used? - CORRECT ANSWER to make decisions,
observe its for new episodes of chest pain, monitor ECG changes, draw labs for cardiac
biomarkers
