Paper-II
4, Introduction to Microcontroller
Introduction to Microcontroller
“A microcontroller is a complete microprocessor system, consisting of
microprocessor, Limited amount of ROM, RAM and parallel I/O port, built on a single
integrated circuit only It controls function of device so it is called microcontroller.”
- Microcontroller is a single chip integrated circuit.
- It is complete microprocessor based system consisting of microprocessor, limited amount
of RAM, ROM and I/O.
- In 1971 Texas instrument introduced first 4 bit microcontroller in the market named as
TMS-1000TMS-1000 developed by scientist Gary Boone and Michael Cochran
- Intel introduced series of microcontrollers.
- Intel's 8051 was a very popular microcontroller.
Applications of microcontroller
1) A home security system, a tape deck and intelligent multi-meter can be builds by using
microcontroller
2) A PC keyboard are implemented with a microcontroller. It replaces scanning,
denouncing, matrix decoding and serial transmission circuit.
3) Microcontroller is a single chip microcomputer. So they are used in medical instruments.
4) Many low cost products such as electronic toys, electric drills, microwave ovens, VCRs
are based on microcontroller.
5) Microcontroller are used as a independent controllers in machines or as a slaves in
distributed processing.
6) Microcontrollers are used as a machine tools, chemical processors and sophisticated
guidance control.
Advantages of microcontroller over the microprocessor
1) The cost of microcontroller is less than a microprocessor based system.
2) A microcontroller has more I/O components than a microprocessor based system.
3) Microcontrollers can be used in wide variety of intelligent products such as in PC
keyboards. But the microprocessor based system cannot be used in such intelligent
products.
4) Many low cost products such as electronic toys, electric drills, microwave ovens, VCRs
are based on microcontrollers. This is not the case with microprocessor based system.
8051 Microcontroller
- 8051 is second generation microcontroller.
- It is 8 bit microcontroller.
- Developed by Intel company by scientist John Wharton in 1980
, Features provided by second generation microcontroller OR
8051microcontroller
1) The 8051 microcontroller has an 8-bit ALU.
2) The 8051 microcontroller has 4KB i.e. 4KX8-bit ROM or EPROM.
3) The 8051 microcontroller has 128 bytes i.e. 128X8 bit RAM.
4) The 8051 microcontroller has dual 16-bit timer event counter.
5) The 8051 microcontroller has 32 I/O lines for four 8-bit I/O port.
6) The 8051 microcontroller has can addresses 64KB of program memory.
7) The 8051 microcontroller has can addresses 64KB of data memory.
8) The 8051 microcontroller has powerful instruction set which contains 111 instructions.
9) The 8051 microcontroller has clock speed upto 12 MHz.
10) The 8051 microcontroller has contains a full-featured serial port.
Block diagram of 8051 microcontroller
4, Introduction to Microcontroller
Introduction to Microcontroller
“A microcontroller is a complete microprocessor system, consisting of
microprocessor, Limited amount of ROM, RAM and parallel I/O port, built on a single
integrated circuit only It controls function of device so it is called microcontroller.”
- Microcontroller is a single chip integrated circuit.
- It is complete microprocessor based system consisting of microprocessor, limited amount
of RAM, ROM and I/O.
- In 1971 Texas instrument introduced first 4 bit microcontroller in the market named as
TMS-1000TMS-1000 developed by scientist Gary Boone and Michael Cochran
- Intel introduced series of microcontrollers.
- Intel's 8051 was a very popular microcontroller.
Applications of microcontroller
1) A home security system, a tape deck and intelligent multi-meter can be builds by using
microcontroller
2) A PC keyboard are implemented with a microcontroller. It replaces scanning,
denouncing, matrix decoding and serial transmission circuit.
3) Microcontroller is a single chip microcomputer. So they are used in medical instruments.
4) Many low cost products such as electronic toys, electric drills, microwave ovens, VCRs
are based on microcontroller.
5) Microcontroller are used as a independent controllers in machines or as a slaves in
distributed processing.
6) Microcontrollers are used as a machine tools, chemical processors and sophisticated
guidance control.
Advantages of microcontroller over the microprocessor
1) The cost of microcontroller is less than a microprocessor based system.
2) A microcontroller has more I/O components than a microprocessor based system.
3) Microcontrollers can be used in wide variety of intelligent products such as in PC
keyboards. But the microprocessor based system cannot be used in such intelligent
products.
4) Many low cost products such as electronic toys, electric drills, microwave ovens, VCRs
are based on microcontrollers. This is not the case with microprocessor based system.
8051 Microcontroller
- 8051 is second generation microcontroller.
- It is 8 bit microcontroller.
- Developed by Intel company by scientist John Wharton in 1980
, Features provided by second generation microcontroller OR
8051microcontroller
1) The 8051 microcontroller has an 8-bit ALU.
2) The 8051 microcontroller has 4KB i.e. 4KX8-bit ROM or EPROM.
3) The 8051 microcontroller has 128 bytes i.e. 128X8 bit RAM.
4) The 8051 microcontroller has dual 16-bit timer event counter.
5) The 8051 microcontroller has 32 I/O lines for four 8-bit I/O port.
6) The 8051 microcontroller has can addresses 64KB of program memory.
7) The 8051 microcontroller has can addresses 64KB of data memory.
8) The 8051 microcontroller has powerful instruction set which contains 111 instructions.
9) The 8051 microcontroller has clock speed upto 12 MHz.
10) The 8051 microcontroller has contains a full-featured serial port.
Block diagram of 8051 microcontroller
