General concepts - NUR 141 Questions With Complete
Solutions
________ drugs
Directly penetrate cell by dissolving into the cell membrane
Correct Answers Lipid-soluble
________ or _________ of a drug act on body cells. Correct
Answers Only free, unbound portions
_________ allows some of the drug to be stored in muscle, fat,
and other body tissues to be released gradually when plasma
levels fall *allows the drug to have a longer duration of action*
Correct Answers Protein binding
_________ patients respond differently to drugs than the rest of
the population—they are
more sensitive to medications than _________. Correct Answers
Pediatric, adults
*They are at an increased risk for adverse effects & toxicity.*
___________________ refers to conditions that make the drug
unsafe or potentially harmful to administer. Correct Answers
Contraindications
4 basic processes to pharmacokinetics Correct Answers
absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
A ________ must be present before a drug exerts its
pharmacologic action on body cells
, ________ is between these low and high concentrations Correct
Answers minimum effective concentration (MEC), Therapeutic
range
absorption sites: lungs Correct Answers Large surface area for
absorption of anesthetic gases
absorption sites: Mucous membranes Correct Answers local
effects (allergy sprays)
Systemic absorption from oral cavity, nose, eye, vagina, rectum
Pass directly into bloodstream
absorption sites: Skin Correct Answers (sunscreens) - limited
systemic absorption
patches for skin absorption (clonidine, fentanyl,
nitroglycerin)
Active transport
Requires the use of a carrier substance and release of cellular
energy to move drug from ________ to ________ (example
sodium-
potassium pump Correct Answers lower concentration, higher
concentration
Administration routes that deliver the drug directly to the
bloodstream. Correct Answers sublingual, IV,
IM and rectal routes *not effected by first pass effect*
Solutions
________ drugs
Directly penetrate cell by dissolving into the cell membrane
Correct Answers Lipid-soluble
________ or _________ of a drug act on body cells. Correct
Answers Only free, unbound portions
_________ allows some of the drug to be stored in muscle, fat,
and other body tissues to be released gradually when plasma
levels fall *allows the drug to have a longer duration of action*
Correct Answers Protein binding
_________ patients respond differently to drugs than the rest of
the population—they are
more sensitive to medications than _________. Correct Answers
Pediatric, adults
*They are at an increased risk for adverse effects & toxicity.*
___________________ refers to conditions that make the drug
unsafe or potentially harmful to administer. Correct Answers
Contraindications
4 basic processes to pharmacokinetics Correct Answers
absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
A ________ must be present before a drug exerts its
pharmacologic action on body cells
, ________ is between these low and high concentrations Correct
Answers minimum effective concentration (MEC), Therapeutic
range
absorption sites: lungs Correct Answers Large surface area for
absorption of anesthetic gases
absorption sites: Mucous membranes Correct Answers local
effects (allergy sprays)
Systemic absorption from oral cavity, nose, eye, vagina, rectum
Pass directly into bloodstream
absorption sites: Skin Correct Answers (sunscreens) - limited
systemic absorption
patches for skin absorption (clonidine, fentanyl,
nitroglycerin)
Active transport
Requires the use of a carrier substance and release of cellular
energy to move drug from ________ to ________ (example
sodium-
potassium pump Correct Answers lower concentration, higher
concentration
Administration routes that deliver the drug directly to the
bloodstream. Correct Answers sublingual, IV,
IM and rectal routes *not effected by first pass effect*
