Fundamentals NR 226 Quiz 3 | Actual study |
Questions and Answers | 2026 Updates | 100%
correct
What are the main causes of electrolytes imbalances? - ANSWER-Changes in diet
GI malfunction
Renal problems
Medications
Procedures
Disease process
What is considered an isotonic solution? - ANSWER-Fluid with the same tonicity as normal
blood
What is considered a hypotonic solution? - ANSWER-More dilute than blood
--cell swells
What is considered a hypertonic solution? - ANSWER-More concentrated than normal blood
--cell shrinks
Extracellular fluid volume deficit - ANSWER-Body Fluids Have Decreased Volume but Normal
Osmolality
-decreased intake of H20 and salt
-Increased GI output
-Increased renal output
-Loss of blood or plasma
-Massive sweating without water and salt intake
Extracellular fluid volume excess - ANSWER-Body Fluids Have Increased Volume but Normal
Osmolality
-Excessive administration of Na+ containing isotonic IV fluids or oral intake of salty foods and
water
, -Renal retention of Na+
Signs of mild Extracellular fluid volume excess - ANSWER-Swollen ankles and fingers (rings feel
tight) and a gain of 2lbs or more
Bananas are rich in what type of electrolyte - ANSWER-Potassium
Foods high in potassium K+ - ANSWER-Fruits, potatoes, instant coffee, molasses, brazil nuts,
True or false: Cancer can cause major electrolyte imbalances - ANSWER-True
Calcium-rich foods include - ANSWER-dairy products, lentils, fish w/ fine bones, broccoli,
oranges, dried fruits, nuts, chocolate, cocoa, Ovaltine
Best absorption of calcium rich fluids happens with - ANSWER-Vitamin D
Undigested fat can prevent ____ and _____ from absorption - ANSWER-Calcium and
Magnesium
Magnesium-rich foods include - ANSWER-dark green leafy vegetables, whole grains,
magnesium-containing laxatives and antacids
Phosphate-rich foods include - ANSWER-milk, processed food
What can prevent phosphate absorption? - ANSWER-Aluminum antacids
Hypernatremia - ANSWER-Abnormally high sodium concentration in the blood
-water deficit
What types of patients should you monitor for hypernatremia? - ANSWER-Diabetes insipidus
Osmotic diuresis
-Large amount of perspiration and respiratory water output
-Tube feedings, hypertonic parenteral fluids, or salt tablets
-Dysfunction of osmoreceptor driven thirst drive
Causes of hypernatremia - ANSWER-Excessive / rapid IV administration of normal saline,
inadequate water intake and kidney disease
Normal range for sodium - ANSWER-135-145 mEq/L
Signs and symptoms of hypernatremia - ANSWER-Confusion, dry mucous membranes, seizures
flat neck veins, dry skin, intense thirst, dark urine, skin tenting
Questions and Answers | 2026 Updates | 100%
correct
What are the main causes of electrolytes imbalances? - ANSWER-Changes in diet
GI malfunction
Renal problems
Medications
Procedures
Disease process
What is considered an isotonic solution? - ANSWER-Fluid with the same tonicity as normal
blood
What is considered a hypotonic solution? - ANSWER-More dilute than blood
--cell swells
What is considered a hypertonic solution? - ANSWER-More concentrated than normal blood
--cell shrinks
Extracellular fluid volume deficit - ANSWER-Body Fluids Have Decreased Volume but Normal
Osmolality
-decreased intake of H20 and salt
-Increased GI output
-Increased renal output
-Loss of blood or plasma
-Massive sweating without water and salt intake
Extracellular fluid volume excess - ANSWER-Body Fluids Have Increased Volume but Normal
Osmolality
-Excessive administration of Na+ containing isotonic IV fluids or oral intake of salty foods and
water
, -Renal retention of Na+
Signs of mild Extracellular fluid volume excess - ANSWER-Swollen ankles and fingers (rings feel
tight) and a gain of 2lbs or more
Bananas are rich in what type of electrolyte - ANSWER-Potassium
Foods high in potassium K+ - ANSWER-Fruits, potatoes, instant coffee, molasses, brazil nuts,
True or false: Cancer can cause major electrolyte imbalances - ANSWER-True
Calcium-rich foods include - ANSWER-dairy products, lentils, fish w/ fine bones, broccoli,
oranges, dried fruits, nuts, chocolate, cocoa, Ovaltine
Best absorption of calcium rich fluids happens with - ANSWER-Vitamin D
Undigested fat can prevent ____ and _____ from absorption - ANSWER-Calcium and
Magnesium
Magnesium-rich foods include - ANSWER-dark green leafy vegetables, whole grains,
magnesium-containing laxatives and antacids
Phosphate-rich foods include - ANSWER-milk, processed food
What can prevent phosphate absorption? - ANSWER-Aluminum antacids
Hypernatremia - ANSWER-Abnormally high sodium concentration in the blood
-water deficit
What types of patients should you monitor for hypernatremia? - ANSWER-Diabetes insipidus
Osmotic diuresis
-Large amount of perspiration and respiratory water output
-Tube feedings, hypertonic parenteral fluids, or salt tablets
-Dysfunction of osmoreceptor driven thirst drive
Causes of hypernatremia - ANSWER-Excessive / rapid IV administration of normal saline,
inadequate water intake and kidney disease
Normal range for sodium - ANSWER-135-145 mEq/L
Signs and symptoms of hypernatremia - ANSWER-Confusion, dry mucous membranes, seizures
flat neck veins, dry skin, intense thirst, dark urine, skin tenting
