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1. The risk manager informs the nurse manager of an orthopedic unit that her unit has had an
increase in incident reports about patients falling during the shift from 2300 to 0700 hours. The
nurse manager knows that the best way to resolve the problem is to:
a. Use creativity.
b. Obtain support from staff of the shift from 0700 to 1500 hours.
c. Use institutional research.
d. Identify the problem.
ANS: D
Identification of a problem is the first step in problem solving and occurs before any other
step. Improper identification of a problem is the most common reason for failure to resolve
problems.
2. The nurse manager of a rehabilitation unit wants to purchase a new antiembolic stocking. To
make a high-quality decision, the nurse manager would:
a. Involve the rehabilitation staff in the decision.
b. Involve the sales representative.
c. Make the decision alone
d. Involve administration in the decision.
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,ANS: A
Shared decision making leads to a number of successful outcomes, including team pride, the
team's ability to engage in discussions with the nurse leader about work issues, and
continued team involvement in shared decision making. Involvement of other health care
professionals is essential in decisions involving patient care.
3. Several nurses on an adolescent psychiatric unit complain that the teenagers are becoming
unmanageable on the shift from 2300 to 0700 hours. To resolve this problem, the nurse
manager decides that the staff should have a brainstorming session. The goal of brainstorming
is to:
a. Evaluate problem solutions.
b. Critique the ideas of other staff members.
c. Generate as many solutions as possible.
d. Identify only practical and realistic ideas.
ANS: C
Brainstorming encourages creativity in the beginning of problem solving and avoids
premature shutting down of ideas through early evaluation.
4. During a fire drill several psychiatric patients become agitated. The nurse manager quickly
assigns a staff member to each patient. This decision style is most appropriate for:
a. Routine problems.
b. Crisis situations.
c. Managers who prefer an authoritarian style.
d. Followers who cannot agree on a solution.
ANS: B
Some problems, such as the crisis situation depicted in this example, necessitate immediate
decision making to ensure patient safety.
5. After the nurses who work on an adolescent psychiatric unit have had a brainstorming
session, they are ready to resolve the problem of teenagers who are unmanageable. To
maximize group effectiveness in decision making and problem solving, the nurse manager has:
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,a. Prevented conflict.
b. Formed highly cohesive groups.
c. Used majority rule to arrive at decisions.
d. Encouraged equal participation among members.
ANS: D
The nurse leader or manager needs to provide a nonthreatening and positive environment, in
which group members actively participate, by controlling aggressive individuals and
encouraging passive individuals to participate actively. Diversity, managed conflict, and
moderate cohesiveness are effective in reaching quality decisions.
6. To solve a problem, the nurse manager understands that the most important problem-solving
step is:
a. The implementation phase.
b. Identification of numerous solutions.
c. Accurate identification of the problem.
d. Evaluation of the effectiveness of problem resolution.
ANS: C
To proceed effectively, it is important to determine whether a problem exists and to
accurately identify a problem. Failure to resolve problems is most often linked to improper
identification of the problem.
7. A clinic nurse has observed another nurse deviating from agency policy in performing wound
care. The best approach for the clinic nurse to take is to:
a. Stay out of it.
b. Inform the nursing supervisor.
c. Fill out a notification form (incident report).
d. Assess the risk to the client and the agency before proceeding
ANS: D
In assessing risk, the nurse engages in the initial step of the problem-solving process, which
involves asking, "What benefits (or risks) will be derived from solving it?" Purposeful inaction
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, may not be appropriate when the individual cannot resolve the problem or when there is risk
to patients.
8. The clinic nurse understands that problem solving is best defined as
a. A higher order thinking process.
b. Selecting the best option for reaching a predefined goal.
c. Identifying "what is" and "what should be."
d. Determining creative approaches to resolving a problem or issue.
ANS: C
Critical thinking is a higher order thinking process. Problem solving is a step in decision
making that is focused on solving an immediate problem, which can be viewed as a gap
between "what is" and "what should be"
9. The risk manager wants to evaluate the reasons for an increased number of falls on the
rehabilitation unit. The risk manager devises a fishbone diagram. A fishbone diagram is a useful
tool to:
a. Identify the root causes of problems.
b. List possible solutions to problems.
c. Help leaders select the best options.
d. Evaluate the outcomes of decisions made.
ANS: A
A fishbone diagram, also known as a cause-and-effect diagram, is useful for determining the
reasons (causes) for an effect (falls).
10. An outpatient surgery manager is evaluating infusion pumps for the operating room. The
manager should:
a. Select the least expensive brand.
b. Use a decision-making tool to evaluate brands
c. Ask the nursing staff which brand they prefer.
d. Select the vendor from which the institution usually buys.
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