ASU BIO 340 EXAM 3 EXAMINATION TEST
2026 FULL QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ polypeptide. Answer: long chain of amino acids that makes proteins
⩥ amino acids. Answer: building blocks of proteins
⩥ triplet codon. Answer: three nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes
for specific amino acid
⩥ start codon. Answer: codon that signals to ribosomes to begin
translation; codes for the first amino acid in a protein (AUG)
⩥ stop codon. Answer: UAG, UAA, or UGA; the codon that ends all
RNA sequences.
⩥ Charles Darwin (1809-1882). Answer: English naturalist who
postulated a theory of evolution by natural selection.
⩥ Alfred Wallace (1823-1913). Answer: "Father of Biogeography," was
the first to propose that animal species have "geographies"
,⩥ natural selection. Answer: a process in which individuals that have
certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than
other individuals because of those traits.
⩥ descent with modification. Answer: principle that each living species
has descended, with changes, from other species over time
⩥ mutation. Answer: a random error in gene replication that leads to a
change
⩥ silent mutation. Answer: a mutation that changes a single nucleotide,
but does not change the amino acid created.
⩥ missense mutation. Answer: a point mutation in which a codon that
specifies an amino acid is mutated into a codon that specifies a different
amino acid.
⩥ nonsense mutation. Answer: a mutation that changes an amino acid
codon to one of the three stop codons, resulting in a shorter and usually
nonfunctional protein.
⩥ frameshift mutation. Answer: a mutation that shifts the "reading"
frame of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide
, ⩥ insertion. Answer: a mutation involving the addition of one or more
nucleotide pairs to a gene.
⩥ deletion. Answer: a change to a chromosome in which a fragment of
the chromosome is removed.
⩥ genetic drift. Answer: a change in the allele frequency of a population
as a result of chance events rather than natural selection.
⩥ gene flow (migration). Answer: movement of alleles from one
population to another
⩥ nonrandom mating. Answer: mating among individuals on the basis of
their phenotypic similarities or differences, rather than mating on a
random basis
⩥ point mutation. Answer: gene mutation involving changes in one or a
few nucleotides.
⩥ degeneracy. Answer: redundancy of the genetic code; that is, most
amino acids are encoded by several codons
⩥ conditional mutation. Answer: a mutation that results in a
characteristic phenotype only under certain environmental conditions.
2026 FULL QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ polypeptide. Answer: long chain of amino acids that makes proteins
⩥ amino acids. Answer: building blocks of proteins
⩥ triplet codon. Answer: three nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes
for specific amino acid
⩥ start codon. Answer: codon that signals to ribosomes to begin
translation; codes for the first amino acid in a protein (AUG)
⩥ stop codon. Answer: UAG, UAA, or UGA; the codon that ends all
RNA sequences.
⩥ Charles Darwin (1809-1882). Answer: English naturalist who
postulated a theory of evolution by natural selection.
⩥ Alfred Wallace (1823-1913). Answer: "Father of Biogeography," was
the first to propose that animal species have "geographies"
,⩥ natural selection. Answer: a process in which individuals that have
certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than
other individuals because of those traits.
⩥ descent with modification. Answer: principle that each living species
has descended, with changes, from other species over time
⩥ mutation. Answer: a random error in gene replication that leads to a
change
⩥ silent mutation. Answer: a mutation that changes a single nucleotide,
but does not change the amino acid created.
⩥ missense mutation. Answer: a point mutation in which a codon that
specifies an amino acid is mutated into a codon that specifies a different
amino acid.
⩥ nonsense mutation. Answer: a mutation that changes an amino acid
codon to one of the three stop codons, resulting in a shorter and usually
nonfunctional protein.
⩥ frameshift mutation. Answer: a mutation that shifts the "reading"
frame of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide
, ⩥ insertion. Answer: a mutation involving the addition of one or more
nucleotide pairs to a gene.
⩥ deletion. Answer: a change to a chromosome in which a fragment of
the chromosome is removed.
⩥ genetic drift. Answer: a change in the allele frequency of a population
as a result of chance events rather than natural selection.
⩥ gene flow (migration). Answer: movement of alleles from one
population to another
⩥ nonrandom mating. Answer: mating among individuals on the basis of
their phenotypic similarities or differences, rather than mating on a
random basis
⩥ point mutation. Answer: gene mutation involving changes in one or a
few nucleotides.
⩥ degeneracy. Answer: redundancy of the genetic code; that is, most
amino acids are encoded by several codons
⩥ conditional mutation. Answer: a mutation that results in a
characteristic phenotype only under certain environmental conditions.
