& Answers | Latest Update 2026 | Exam Prep | Graded
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1. Describe how the inhibition of COX enzymes by NSAIDs can lead to
gastrointestinal upset.
Inhibition of COX enzymes increases mucus production in the
stomach.
NSAIDs enhance the absorption of nutrients in the intestines.
NSAIDs increase acid secretion in the stomach.
Inhibition of COX enzymes reduces the production of protective
prostaglandins in the gastrointestinal tract.
2. Which drug should not be given to a patient with a true allergy to codeine
buprenorphine
pentazocaine
propoxyphene
oxycodone
3. What is a primary situation in which transdermal opioids are typically
indicated for use?
Post-operative recovery
Chronic pain management
Mild headaches
Acute pain relief
4. What type of pain is primarily associated with A-delta fibers?
, Nerve pain
Sharp pain
Dull pain
Chronic pain
5. If a patient is experiencing both anxiety and chronic pain, which treatment
approach might be more appropriate?
A combination of anxiolytics and pain management medications
No treatment is necessary
Only pain management medications
Only anxiolytics
6. If a patient with opiophobia is experiencing severe pain, what approach
should a healthcare provider consider?
Ignore the patient's fear and insist on opioid treatment.
Discuss alternative pain management strategies while addressing
the fear of opioids.
Refer the patient to a psychologist without discussing pain
management.
Immediately prescribe high doses of opioids.
7. Sympatholytic Agents are referred to as
activators
Adrenergic Antagonists
Bleaching agents
, Neurotransmitters
8. A patient with chronic back pain has been experiencing fluctuating pain
levels despite taking medication as needed. How would you approach their
pain management using ATC dosing?
Implement a scheduled ATC dosing regimen to maintain stable pain
control.
Advise the patient to continue with as-needed dosing only.
Suggest non-pharmacological interventions instead of medication.
Increase the dosage of medication taken as needed.
9. Why is there a block box warning for methadone?
neuropsychiatric symptoms
cancer and stroke risks
prolonged QT and cardiac arrhythmias
respiratory depression and red man syndrome
10. Describe the significance of Substance P in the context of pain signaling
within the dorsal root ganglion.
Substance P is significant because it facilitates the transmission of
pain signals from peripheral nerves to the central nervous system.
Substance P is significant because it inhibits pain signals from
reaching the brain.
Substance P is significant because it regulates hormone levels.
Substance P is significant because it enhances muscle relaxation.
11. If a patient develops tolerance to a medication, what might be a potential
consequence regarding their treatment plan?
, The medication will become more effective without any changes.
The medication should be discontinued immediately.
The dosage may need to be increased to maintain effectiveness.
The patient will no longer need the medication.
12. Describe the role of prostaglandins in the process of nociception following
tissue injury.
Prostaglandins inhibit the release of pain signals.
Prostaglandins are responsible for muscle contraction.
Prostaglandins sensitize nociceptors and enhance pain perception
at the injury site.
Prostaglandins promote healing and tissue repair.
13. Describe the role of lidocaine in managing pain during the suturing of facial
or head lacerations.
Lidocaine is an anti-inflammatory agent that reduces swelling.
Lidocaine promotes healing by increasing blood flow to the area.
Lidocaine acts as a local anesthetic that numbs the area to reduce
pain during the suturing process.
Lidocaine helps to prevent infection in the sutured area.
14. • Nausea is a common side effect of opioid use. Rather than discontinuing
the opioid, it is better to treat the nausea with:
Ginger Ale and crackers
A large meal
Anti-emetics