Bontrager Ch 9 Self-Test/Workbook Exam Questions and Answers With Verified
Solutions 2025
Compared with the spinous processes of the cervical and thoracic spine, the lumbar spinous processes
are: - ✔✔Larger and more blunt
The anterior/superior ridge of the upper sacrum is called the: - ✔✔Promontory
Each sacroiliac joint opens obliquely ______________ degrees posteriorly - ✔✔30
The angle of the midlumbar spine zygapophyseal joints in relation to the midsagittal plane is
________________________. - ✔✔45
Where is the pars interarticularis found - ✔✔Between the superior and inferior articular processes
The zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine are classified as ______________, as joints with
______________ type of joint movement. - ✔✔synovial; plane (gliding)
The ear and front leg of the "Scottie dog" make up the ______________ joint, best seen in the oblique
position. - ✔✔zygapophyseal joints
Which of the following topographic landmarks corresponds to the L2-L3 level - ✔✔Lower costal margin
True/False: It is possible to shield females for an AP projection of the sacrum or coccyx if the gonadal
shields are correctly placed. - ✔✔False (would obscure essential anatomy)
True/False: The female gonadal dose is approximately equal for either AP or PA projections of the
lumbar spine. - ✔✔False;AP results in 30% more dose than PA
Why should the knees and hips be flexed for an AP projection of the lumbar spine - ✔✔Opens
intervertebral disks
, True/False: A lead mat or masking for lateral positions of the lumbar spine should not be used with
digital imaging. - ✔✔False
True/False: The efficiency of CT and MRI of the spine is reducing the number of myelograms being
performed. - ✔✔True
Anterior wedging and loss of vertebral body height are characteristic of: - ✔✔Compression fracture
Which of the following conditions is often diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound - ✔✔Spina bifida
True/False. Ankylosing spondylitis usually requires an increase in manual exposure factors. - ✔✔False
Where is the central ray centered for an AP projection of the lumbar spine with a 30- × 35-cm (11- × 14-
inch) IR - ✔✔Level of L3 2" above iliac crest
Which set of zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine is best demonstrated with an LAO position -
✔✔Right
How much rotation of the spine is required to demonstrate the zygapophyseal joint space between L1-
L2 - ✔✔50 from plane of table
Describe the body build that might require central ray angulation to open the intervertebral joint spaces
with a lateral projection of the lumbar spine, even if the patient has some support under the waist. -
✔✔Wide pelvis, narrow thorax
What type of central ray angulation should be used for the lateral L5-S1 projection if the waist is not
supported - ✔✔5 to 8 degrees caudad
For the lateral L5-S1 projection, the CR is parallel to the ______________ plane. - ✔✔Interiliac
Solutions 2025
Compared with the spinous processes of the cervical and thoracic spine, the lumbar spinous processes
are: - ✔✔Larger and more blunt
The anterior/superior ridge of the upper sacrum is called the: - ✔✔Promontory
Each sacroiliac joint opens obliquely ______________ degrees posteriorly - ✔✔30
The angle of the midlumbar spine zygapophyseal joints in relation to the midsagittal plane is
________________________. - ✔✔45
Where is the pars interarticularis found - ✔✔Between the superior and inferior articular processes
The zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine are classified as ______________, as joints with
______________ type of joint movement. - ✔✔synovial; plane (gliding)
The ear and front leg of the "Scottie dog" make up the ______________ joint, best seen in the oblique
position. - ✔✔zygapophyseal joints
Which of the following topographic landmarks corresponds to the L2-L3 level - ✔✔Lower costal margin
True/False: It is possible to shield females for an AP projection of the sacrum or coccyx if the gonadal
shields are correctly placed. - ✔✔False (would obscure essential anatomy)
True/False: The female gonadal dose is approximately equal for either AP or PA projections of the
lumbar spine. - ✔✔False;AP results in 30% more dose than PA
Why should the knees and hips be flexed for an AP projection of the lumbar spine - ✔✔Opens
intervertebral disks
, True/False: A lead mat or masking for lateral positions of the lumbar spine should not be used with
digital imaging. - ✔✔False
True/False: The efficiency of CT and MRI of the spine is reducing the number of myelograms being
performed. - ✔✔True
Anterior wedging and loss of vertebral body height are characteristic of: - ✔✔Compression fracture
Which of the following conditions is often diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound - ✔✔Spina bifida
True/False. Ankylosing spondylitis usually requires an increase in manual exposure factors. - ✔✔False
Where is the central ray centered for an AP projection of the lumbar spine with a 30- × 35-cm (11- × 14-
inch) IR - ✔✔Level of L3 2" above iliac crest
Which set of zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine is best demonstrated with an LAO position -
✔✔Right
How much rotation of the spine is required to demonstrate the zygapophyseal joint space between L1-
L2 - ✔✔50 from plane of table
Describe the body build that might require central ray angulation to open the intervertebral joint spaces
with a lateral projection of the lumbar spine, even if the patient has some support under the waist. -
✔✔Wide pelvis, narrow thorax
What type of central ray angulation should be used for the lateral L5-S1 projection if the waist is not
supported - ✔✔5 to 8 degrees caudad
For the lateral L5-S1 projection, the CR is parallel to the ______________ plane. - ✔✔Interiliac
