NGR6002 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
. What is bruxism? Correct Answers Grinding of the teeth at
night
A 42 lb child with AOM presents for treatment. The NP
prescribes amoxicillin 90 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours.
The NP instructs the mother to give________mL every 12 hours
for 7 days. Use the 400 mg/5mL concentration. Correct Answers
10 mL
A 68 yo African American female with PMH significant for
hypertension presents after noticing a spot on the inner corner of
her eye. She is not sure how long it has been there and denies
any trauma or change in vision. It does not hurt or itch and there
is no foreign body sensation. She does not wear contact lenses.
On physical exam, the patient has a small area of discoloration
on the medial conjunctiva of the left eye, and the lesion does not
extend over the cornea. There is no erythema or discharge from
the eye. Extraocular muscles are intact bilaterally, visual fields
are full, and visual acuity is 20/20 in both eyes corrected with
glasses. See general comments for explanation and differentials
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? Correct
Answers Pinguecula
Pinguecula is a yellowish, slightly raised, benign lesion that
appears as a submucosal elevation of the conjunctiva. Most
commonly seen on the nasal portion of the conjunctiva and in
sun-exposed areas, it is a degenerative condition that results in
the deposition of protein and fat in the conjunctiva. Risk factors
,include UV light exposure, dry eyes, chronic eye irritation, and
exposure to wind and dust. This condition is most prevalent
among men aged 40 years or older and with outdoor
occupations.
Although lesions are often asymptomatic, symptoms can include
foreign body sensation, erythema, and burning. Pinguecula is
often confused for pterygium, which is a fleshier growth that can
extend beyond the limbus to the cornea, and potentially cause
obstructed vision. In contrast, a pinguecula will remain confined
to the conjunctiva.
Treatment is minimal. Lubricating eye drops can be used for
irritation and steroid drops are an option for swelling or
erythema. Surgery is generally not indicated unless symptoms
are persistent despite conservative measures. Patients with visual
disturbance should be referred for ophthalmologic evaluation.
Those with continued irritation should also be referred to a
specialist, as the focal conjunctival elevation could cause a
disruption in the tear film and lead to dry eye. Counsel patients
to prevent pinguecula by wearing eye protection when exposed
to UV light, wind, and/or dust.
Case is from Unidadis 2019
A BMI of 30 is considered (overweight or obese)) Correct
Answers Obese
A child in the process of being treated with antibiotics for strep
throat may return to school after __________hours of antibiotic
treatment? Correct Answers 24 hours
A child is diagnosed with strabismus. What test is done to make
the diagnosis? Correct Answers EOM-corneal light reflex
,A child weighing 23 kg presents with symptoms of URI
including a sore throat and the NP prescribes acetaminophen.
What is the correct dose? The acetaminophen suspension is 120
mg/5 mL. Give 10 mg/kg/dose PO every 8-hours. Correct
Answers 10 mL every 8 hours
The dosing range of acetaminophen is 10-15 mg/kg/dose and
can be given every 6-8 hours. The maximum dose is 60
mg/kg/day. If you use epocrates calculator you will get the
wrong answer because it divides the dose by 3. Ibuprofen is
good for inflammatory problems however, remember that GI
upset is common and ibuprofen can increase GI distress.
Ibuprofen can be given to children at a dose of 5-10 mg/kg/dose
PO every 6-8 hours with food.
A child's head circumference should be measured until the child
measures what age? Correct Answers 2 years
A drug that has a mydriatic effect on the eye would cause
(constriction or dilation)? Correct Answers Mydriasis is pupil
dilation
A drug with a miotic effect would cause pupil (constriction or
dilation)? Correct Answers Miosis is constriction
A low dose CT scan is recommended in patients
age_________with a _______pack year history of smoking
Correct Answers 55-80 with 30 pack years
, A patient comes to your office with questions about lab work
done by another provider. She tells you that the provider said not
to worry about the positive test because there are a lot of false
positives for this particular lab test. You know that this means
the test lacks: Correct Answers specificity
A patient complaining of "ropelike" discharge and bilateral
itching probably has____________________? Correct Answers
Allergic conjunctivitis
A patient complains of seeing colored halos around lights. What
ocular disorder is associated with this change in vision? Correct
Answers Glaucoma
A patient has a cup-to-disc ratio in the right eye of .3 and .5 in
the left eye. Is this significant? Correct Answers Yes-unequal
cup-to-disc ratios need to be investigated because this can be a
sign of glaucoma
A patient is treated for AOM and has not improved of the past 2-
3 days. What would you do in this situation? Correct Answers
Change the antibiotic
A patient presents with an orbital cellulitis. How should this be
treated? Correct Answers -immediate referral or hospitalization
for parenteral antibiotics
-Fever, diplopia, proptosis, restriction of EOM, swelling and
erythema of the lids occurs
. What is bruxism? Correct Answers Grinding of the teeth at
night
A 42 lb child with AOM presents for treatment. The NP
prescribes amoxicillin 90 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours.
The NP instructs the mother to give________mL every 12 hours
for 7 days. Use the 400 mg/5mL concentration. Correct Answers
10 mL
A 68 yo African American female with PMH significant for
hypertension presents after noticing a spot on the inner corner of
her eye. She is not sure how long it has been there and denies
any trauma or change in vision. It does not hurt or itch and there
is no foreign body sensation. She does not wear contact lenses.
On physical exam, the patient has a small area of discoloration
on the medial conjunctiva of the left eye, and the lesion does not
extend over the cornea. There is no erythema or discharge from
the eye. Extraocular muscles are intact bilaterally, visual fields
are full, and visual acuity is 20/20 in both eyes corrected with
glasses. See general comments for explanation and differentials
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? Correct
Answers Pinguecula
Pinguecula is a yellowish, slightly raised, benign lesion that
appears as a submucosal elevation of the conjunctiva. Most
commonly seen on the nasal portion of the conjunctiva and in
sun-exposed areas, it is a degenerative condition that results in
the deposition of protein and fat in the conjunctiva. Risk factors
,include UV light exposure, dry eyes, chronic eye irritation, and
exposure to wind and dust. This condition is most prevalent
among men aged 40 years or older and with outdoor
occupations.
Although lesions are often asymptomatic, symptoms can include
foreign body sensation, erythema, and burning. Pinguecula is
often confused for pterygium, which is a fleshier growth that can
extend beyond the limbus to the cornea, and potentially cause
obstructed vision. In contrast, a pinguecula will remain confined
to the conjunctiva.
Treatment is minimal. Lubricating eye drops can be used for
irritation and steroid drops are an option for swelling or
erythema. Surgery is generally not indicated unless symptoms
are persistent despite conservative measures. Patients with visual
disturbance should be referred for ophthalmologic evaluation.
Those with continued irritation should also be referred to a
specialist, as the focal conjunctival elevation could cause a
disruption in the tear film and lead to dry eye. Counsel patients
to prevent pinguecula by wearing eye protection when exposed
to UV light, wind, and/or dust.
Case is from Unidadis 2019
A BMI of 30 is considered (overweight or obese)) Correct
Answers Obese
A child in the process of being treated with antibiotics for strep
throat may return to school after __________hours of antibiotic
treatment? Correct Answers 24 hours
A child is diagnosed with strabismus. What test is done to make
the diagnosis? Correct Answers EOM-corneal light reflex
,A child weighing 23 kg presents with symptoms of URI
including a sore throat and the NP prescribes acetaminophen.
What is the correct dose? The acetaminophen suspension is 120
mg/5 mL. Give 10 mg/kg/dose PO every 8-hours. Correct
Answers 10 mL every 8 hours
The dosing range of acetaminophen is 10-15 mg/kg/dose and
can be given every 6-8 hours. The maximum dose is 60
mg/kg/day. If you use epocrates calculator you will get the
wrong answer because it divides the dose by 3. Ibuprofen is
good for inflammatory problems however, remember that GI
upset is common and ibuprofen can increase GI distress.
Ibuprofen can be given to children at a dose of 5-10 mg/kg/dose
PO every 6-8 hours with food.
A child's head circumference should be measured until the child
measures what age? Correct Answers 2 years
A drug that has a mydriatic effect on the eye would cause
(constriction or dilation)? Correct Answers Mydriasis is pupil
dilation
A drug with a miotic effect would cause pupil (constriction or
dilation)? Correct Answers Miosis is constriction
A low dose CT scan is recommended in patients
age_________with a _______pack year history of smoking
Correct Answers 55-80 with 30 pack years
, A patient comes to your office with questions about lab work
done by another provider. She tells you that the provider said not
to worry about the positive test because there are a lot of false
positives for this particular lab test. You know that this means
the test lacks: Correct Answers specificity
A patient complaining of "ropelike" discharge and bilateral
itching probably has____________________? Correct Answers
Allergic conjunctivitis
A patient complains of seeing colored halos around lights. What
ocular disorder is associated with this change in vision? Correct
Answers Glaucoma
A patient has a cup-to-disc ratio in the right eye of .3 and .5 in
the left eye. Is this significant? Correct Answers Yes-unequal
cup-to-disc ratios need to be investigated because this can be a
sign of glaucoma
A patient is treated for AOM and has not improved of the past 2-
3 days. What would you do in this situation? Correct Answers
Change the antibiotic
A patient presents with an orbital cellulitis. How should this be
treated? Correct Answers -immediate referral or hospitalization
for parenteral antibiotics
-Fever, diplopia, proptosis, restriction of EOM, swelling and
erythema of the lids occurs
