ATI-RENAL EXAM PRACTICE TEST 2026
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Laboratory Tests
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Answer: Results from the breakdown of
protein in the liver;
Dehydration, infection, chemo, steroid therapy and reabsorption of
blood in liver can affect; Elevated suggests kidney failure also liver
probs
Normal 10-20
◉ Laboratory Tests
Urinalysis. Answer: 24 hour urine collection--> creatinine, urea
nitrogen, sodium, chloride, calcium, catecholamines, and proteins
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedures
Radiography. Answer: kidneys, ureters, bladder
structures --> renal calculi, strictures, calcium deposits, obstructions
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedures
CT Scan. Answer: 3 dimensional imaging--> kidney size, obstruction,
cysts, or masses; can use IV contrast media to help
,(media can cause acute kidney injury)
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedures
MRI. Answer: useful for staging cancer, similar to CT
aware of metal restrictions and having to lie still
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedures
Ultrasound. Answer: size of kidneys, images the ureters, bladder,
masses, cysts, calculi, and obstructions
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedures
Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
Cystography, cystourethrography. Answer: urethral or bladder injury
after contrast media in a urinary catheter to see bladder
(cystography) and the ureters (cystourethrography)
Via x-ray during urination whether urine refluxes into ureters;
media doesn't reach bloodstream or kidneys
Monitor for infection; Encourage fluid intake
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Kidney Biopsy. Answer: sample of tissue
Sedation; NPO; Review Hgb and Hct values
, ◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Cystoscope, cystourethroscopy. Answer: discover abnormalities of
bladder wall and/or occlusions of ureter or urethra
Anesthesia; Check for infection; NPO; laxatives/enema; Lithotomy
position
Irrigate cath with .9% sodium chloride
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Retrograde pyelogram, cystogram, urethrogram. Answer:
obstruction or structural disorders of ureters and renal pelvis of
kidneys with contrast media during scope
Find--> fistulas, diversticula, tumors
Same info as scopes
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Renal Scan. Answer: Assess renal blood flow and estimates GFR after
IV injection of radioactive material for kidney scans
Assess BP if given captopril during procedure; Ortho hypo;
Encourage liquids; material not nephrotoxic
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Excretory urography. Answer: Obstruction and parenchymal mass;
size of kidneys; IV contrast media (iodine based)
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Laboratory Tests
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Answer: Results from the breakdown of
protein in the liver;
Dehydration, infection, chemo, steroid therapy and reabsorption of
blood in liver can affect; Elevated suggests kidney failure also liver
probs
Normal 10-20
◉ Laboratory Tests
Urinalysis. Answer: 24 hour urine collection--> creatinine, urea
nitrogen, sodium, chloride, calcium, catecholamines, and proteins
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedures
Radiography. Answer: kidneys, ureters, bladder
structures --> renal calculi, strictures, calcium deposits, obstructions
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedures
CT Scan. Answer: 3 dimensional imaging--> kidney size, obstruction,
cysts, or masses; can use IV contrast media to help
,(media can cause acute kidney injury)
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedures
MRI. Answer: useful for staging cancer, similar to CT
aware of metal restrictions and having to lie still
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedures
Ultrasound. Answer: size of kidneys, images the ureters, bladder,
masses, cysts, calculi, and obstructions
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedures
Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
Cystography, cystourethrography. Answer: urethral or bladder injury
after contrast media in a urinary catheter to see bladder
(cystography) and the ureters (cystourethrography)
Via x-ray during urination whether urine refluxes into ureters;
media doesn't reach bloodstream or kidneys
Monitor for infection; Encourage fluid intake
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Kidney Biopsy. Answer: sample of tissue
Sedation; NPO; Review Hgb and Hct values
, ◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Cystoscope, cystourethroscopy. Answer: discover abnormalities of
bladder wall and/or occlusions of ureter or urethra
Anesthesia; Check for infection; NPO; laxatives/enema; Lithotomy
position
Irrigate cath with .9% sodium chloride
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Retrograde pyelogram, cystogram, urethrogram. Answer:
obstruction or structural disorders of ureters and renal pelvis of
kidneys with contrast media during scope
Find--> fistulas, diversticula, tumors
Same info as scopes
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Renal Scan. Answer: Assess renal blood flow and estimates GFR after
IV injection of radioactive material for kidney scans
Assess BP if given captopril during procedure; Ortho hypo;
Encourage liquids; material not nephrotoxic
◉ Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Excretory urography. Answer: Obstruction and parenchymal mass;
size of kidneys; IV contrast media (iodine based)
