AWHONN INTERMEDIATE FETAL MONITORING
EXAMS ACTUAL PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Which of the following is an extrinsic influence on the FHR?
Answer: Fetal-placental circulation
◉ Fetal heart rate vaiability is definded as fluctuations in the
baseline that are irregular in Answer: AMPLITUDE and FREQUENCY
◉ The most highly oxygenated blood in fetal circulation is carried
by: Answer: Ductus venosus
◉ An increase in the fetal heart rate immediately preceding a
variable deceleration is caused by: Answer: Occlusion of the
umbilical vein
The etiology of variable decelerations is likely related to umbilical
venous and arterial occlusion. Initially, with occlusion of the thin-
walled umbilical vein, venous return to the fetal right atrium is
reduced, producing a reflex tachycardia. This pattern often is
observed as a shoulder on the FHR monitor strip immediately before
the abrupt variable FHR deceleration
EXAMS ACTUAL PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Which of the following is an extrinsic influence on the FHR?
Answer: Fetal-placental circulation
◉ Fetal heart rate vaiability is definded as fluctuations in the
baseline that are irregular in Answer: AMPLITUDE and FREQUENCY
◉ The most highly oxygenated blood in fetal circulation is carried
by: Answer: Ductus venosus
◉ An increase in the fetal heart rate immediately preceding a
variable deceleration is caused by: Answer: Occlusion of the
umbilical vein
The etiology of variable decelerations is likely related to umbilical
venous and arterial occlusion. Initially, with occlusion of the thin-
walled umbilical vein, venous return to the fetal right atrium is
reduced, producing a reflex tachycardia. This pattern often is
observed as a shoulder on the FHR monitor strip immediately before
the abrupt variable FHR deceleration
