970 million people - ✔✔how many people around the world are suffering from psychological disorders?
eating disorders - ✔✔which psychological disorders don't exist in all countries around the world?
schizophrenia and depression - ✔✔two disorders are found world wide,
deviant behavior - ✔✔something that violates social norms in one country but may not in another
country
ex. in the Wodaabe tribe men wear costumes to attract women but this would be abnormal in American
culture (mostly)
distress - ✔✔deviant behavior must accompany what?
disorder - ✔✔if a behavior is dysfunctional
ancient treatments of psychological disorders - ✔✔trephination, exorcism, being caged like animals,
being beaten, burned, castrated, mutilated, or transfused with animal's blood
Philippe Pine - ✔✔insisted that madness was not due to demonic possession but an ailment of the mind
First to create mental hospitals that were not prisons
People with mental illnesses should be treated with humanity and dignity
syphilis - ✔✔what did physicians discover that can lead to mental disorders and used medical models to
review physical causes
etiology - ✔✔cause and development of the disorder
diagnosis - ✔✔identifying symptoms and distinguishing one disease from another
, treatment - ✔✔causing remission of the symptoms of a disorder using medications sometimes in a
psychiatric hospital
prognosis - ✔✔forecast about the disorder
prognosis for depression - ✔✔likely going to remit for a while and it may or may not return (very
episodic)
prognosis for schizophrenia - ✔✔consistent symptoms over the lifespan
biopsychosocial approach - ✔✔Assumes that biological, socio-cultural, and psychological factors
combine and interact to produce psychological disorders
diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM) - ✔✔describe psychological disorders.
Assumes the medical model
The most recent edition DSM-V-TR (2022) describes 400+ psychological disorders compared to 60 in the
1950s
describe all psychological disorders
determines how prevalent each disorder is
reliable - ✔✔goals of DSM
putting any kind of behavior within the compass of psychiatr - ✔✔criticisms of DSM
labels - ✔✔may be helpful for healthcare professionals when communicating with one another and
establishing therapy
stigmatize individuals
"Insanity" raises moral and ethical questions about how society should treat people who have disorders
and have committed crimes