2010PSY Health Psychology Exam Questions and Answers With Verified
Solutions 2025
Models of Health and Illness (3) - ✔✔- Mind-Body Relationships
- Biomedical Model
- Biopsychosocial Model
Mind-Body Relationship - ✔✔
Biomedical Model - ✔✔Disease and Sx have underlying pathological cause
- reductionist
- removal of pathogen = health (cause-effect)
- little room for subjectivity
Biopsychosocial Model - ✔✔A model of health that integrates the effects of biological, behavioral, and
social factors on health and illness
Saw mind as a crucial response in manifestations of illness
- seen as phantom limb pain, placebo effect and subjectivity in terms of effect
Dualism Vs Monoism - ✔✔Dualism - idea that mind and body are separate entities
Monoism - viewing them as one unit: one type of stuff
- physical things can affect the mind and the mind can affect physical things
Lay Theories of Health (Bauman, 1961) - ✔✔3 main types of responses
- general sense of wellbeing (feeling)
- identified with absence of Sx of disease (Sx orientation)
- seen in the things that a person who is physically fit is able to do (performance)
,Social Representations of Health
Health and lifestyle survey
- categories of health (6): health as... - ✔✔- not ill
- reserve
- behaviour
- physical fitness and vitality
- a psychosocial wellbeing
- function
WHO definition of Health - ✔✔State of complete physical, mental and social well-being and ... not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Health - ✔✔Holistic Explanations
- westernised Rx divides mind, body and soul
Spiritual Explanations
- God's reward
Collectivist vs Individualistic
- consequence of people actions
Developmental Theories - ✔✔Leaning
- relatively permanent change in knowledge, skill or ability as a result of experience
Experience
- what we do, see, hear, feel, think
Maturation
- thought, behaviour or physical growth attributed to ageing and development rather than to experience
Piagets stages of cognitive development - ✔✔Sensorimotor - birth to 2 years (understand world thorugh
sensations and movements)
Preoperational - 2-7 years (symbolic thought develops, simple logic and language)
, Concrete Operational - 7-11 years (abstract thought and logic developes hughely, performs mental
operations and manipulation)
Formal Operational - 11+years (abstract thought, imagination and deductive reasoning develops)
Cognitive Development
(Piaget, 1930, 1970) - ✔✔
Social Causation Model - ✔✔Low SES causes health problems,
Occupying low SES group -vely influences health of individuals
Social Drift Model - ✔✔Health problems cause low SES
After onset of health problem, may not be able to maintain job, living conditions; thus drift down SES
Karasek and Theorell - Work Stress
(3 key factors) - ✔✔1. demands of job
2. Job autonomy (degree of freedom to make decisions about how best to cope w/ demands)
3. degree of available social support
Gender and Health
Men Vs Women - ✔✔Women
- expected to live 5yrs longer
- greater resistance to infection
- More economic disadvantage
- access health care more frequent (i.e. screning)
Men
- engage in more health0risk behaviour
- have less acute illness than women
- over 3x more likely to die due to heart disease
Solutions 2025
Models of Health and Illness (3) - ✔✔- Mind-Body Relationships
- Biomedical Model
- Biopsychosocial Model
Mind-Body Relationship - ✔✔
Biomedical Model - ✔✔Disease and Sx have underlying pathological cause
- reductionist
- removal of pathogen = health (cause-effect)
- little room for subjectivity
Biopsychosocial Model - ✔✔A model of health that integrates the effects of biological, behavioral, and
social factors on health and illness
Saw mind as a crucial response in manifestations of illness
- seen as phantom limb pain, placebo effect and subjectivity in terms of effect
Dualism Vs Monoism - ✔✔Dualism - idea that mind and body are separate entities
Monoism - viewing them as one unit: one type of stuff
- physical things can affect the mind and the mind can affect physical things
Lay Theories of Health (Bauman, 1961) - ✔✔3 main types of responses
- general sense of wellbeing (feeling)
- identified with absence of Sx of disease (Sx orientation)
- seen in the things that a person who is physically fit is able to do (performance)
,Social Representations of Health
Health and lifestyle survey
- categories of health (6): health as... - ✔✔- not ill
- reserve
- behaviour
- physical fitness and vitality
- a psychosocial wellbeing
- function
WHO definition of Health - ✔✔State of complete physical, mental and social well-being and ... not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Health - ✔✔Holistic Explanations
- westernised Rx divides mind, body and soul
Spiritual Explanations
- God's reward
Collectivist vs Individualistic
- consequence of people actions
Developmental Theories - ✔✔Leaning
- relatively permanent change in knowledge, skill or ability as a result of experience
Experience
- what we do, see, hear, feel, think
Maturation
- thought, behaviour or physical growth attributed to ageing and development rather than to experience
Piagets stages of cognitive development - ✔✔Sensorimotor - birth to 2 years (understand world thorugh
sensations and movements)
Preoperational - 2-7 years (symbolic thought develops, simple logic and language)
, Concrete Operational - 7-11 years (abstract thought and logic developes hughely, performs mental
operations and manipulation)
Formal Operational - 11+years (abstract thought, imagination and deductive reasoning develops)
Cognitive Development
(Piaget, 1930, 1970) - ✔✔
Social Causation Model - ✔✔Low SES causes health problems,
Occupying low SES group -vely influences health of individuals
Social Drift Model - ✔✔Health problems cause low SES
After onset of health problem, may not be able to maintain job, living conditions; thus drift down SES
Karasek and Theorell - Work Stress
(3 key factors) - ✔✔1. demands of job
2. Job autonomy (degree of freedom to make decisions about how best to cope w/ demands)
3. degree of available social support
Gender and Health
Men Vs Women - ✔✔Women
- expected to live 5yrs longer
- greater resistance to infection
- More economic disadvantage
- access health care more frequent (i.e. screning)
Men
- engage in more health0risk behaviour
- have less acute illness than women
- over 3x more likely to die due to heart disease
