2025/2026 NURS8024 Pharm
Exam 1 ACTUAL EXAM TEST
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (A+
GRADED 100% VERIFIED)
LATEST!!
Gastric acid secretion by parietal cells of the gastric mucosa are stimulated
by - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔*acetycholine, histamine, gastrin
Receptor-mediated binding of acetylcholine, histamine, or gastrin results in
- 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔*the activation of protein kinases, which in
,turn stimulates the H+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) proton
pump
Gastrin and acetylcholine stimulate release of - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔histamine
receptor binding of prostaglandin E2 and
somatostatin diminish - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔gastric acid production
Antacids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔weak bases that react with gastric acid to
form water and a salt → diminishing gastric acidity
Reduce pepsin activity - pepsin inactive at a pH >4
Wide variety* in chemical composition, acid-neutralizing capacity, sodium
content, palatability, and price
Acid neutralizing ability* of an antacid depends on its capacity to neutralize
gastric HCl and on whether the stomach is full or empty
• food delays stomach emptying, allowing more time for the antacid to react
,Therapeutic uses of antacids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔• Symptomatic relief of
peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)
• May promote healing of duodenal ulcers, but not
robust evidence for efficacy in Tx of acute gastric
ulcers
• Calcium carbonate preparations
• also used as calcium supplements for the treatment of osteoporosis
Commonly used antacid drugs - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Classes
• Calcium salts: calcium carbonate: Tums/Rolaids
• Sodium bicarbonate: Alka-Seltzer
• Aluminum salts - Aluminum hydroxide: Amphojel; Aluminum carbonate:
Basaljel
• Magnesium salts/ magnesium oxide: Milk of Magnesia
• Combination products
• Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide (Maalox, Mylanta)
• Alginic acid, magnesium trisilicate, calcium stearate
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, (Gaviscon)
Adverse effects of antacids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔• Aluminum hydroxide tends
to be constipating
• Magnesium hydroxide tends to cause diarrhea
• Binding of phosphate by aluminum-containing antacids →
hypophosphatemia
• Sodium bicarbonate → belching and flatulence, potential for systemic
alkalosis
• Sodium content of antacids → can be important in pts w/ HTN or CHF
• Excessive intake of calcium carbonate along w/ calcium foods →
hypercalcemia
Mucosal Protective Agents - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cytoprotective compounds
Sucralfate
Bismuth Compounds
Cytoprotective Compounds - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔enhance mucosal protection
mechanisms → preventing mucosal injury, ↓ inflammation, promotes
healing of existing ulcers
Exam 1 ACTUAL EXAM TEST
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (A+
GRADED 100% VERIFIED)
LATEST!!
Gastric acid secretion by parietal cells of the gastric mucosa are stimulated
by - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔*acetycholine, histamine, gastrin
Receptor-mediated binding of acetylcholine, histamine, or gastrin results in
- 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔*the activation of protein kinases, which in
,turn stimulates the H+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) proton
pump
Gastrin and acetylcholine stimulate release of - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔histamine
receptor binding of prostaglandin E2 and
somatostatin diminish - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔gastric acid production
Antacids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔weak bases that react with gastric acid to
form water and a salt → diminishing gastric acidity
Reduce pepsin activity - pepsin inactive at a pH >4
Wide variety* in chemical composition, acid-neutralizing capacity, sodium
content, palatability, and price
Acid neutralizing ability* of an antacid depends on its capacity to neutralize
gastric HCl and on whether the stomach is full or empty
• food delays stomach emptying, allowing more time for the antacid to react
,Therapeutic uses of antacids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔• Symptomatic relief of
peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)
• May promote healing of duodenal ulcers, but not
robust evidence for efficacy in Tx of acute gastric
ulcers
• Calcium carbonate preparations
• also used as calcium supplements for the treatment of osteoporosis
Commonly used antacid drugs - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Classes
• Calcium salts: calcium carbonate: Tums/Rolaids
• Sodium bicarbonate: Alka-Seltzer
• Aluminum salts - Aluminum hydroxide: Amphojel; Aluminum carbonate:
Basaljel
• Magnesium salts/ magnesium oxide: Milk of Magnesia
• Combination products
• Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide (Maalox, Mylanta)
• Alginic acid, magnesium trisilicate, calcium stearate
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, (Gaviscon)
Adverse effects of antacids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔• Aluminum hydroxide tends
to be constipating
• Magnesium hydroxide tends to cause diarrhea
• Binding of phosphate by aluminum-containing antacids →
hypophosphatemia
• Sodium bicarbonate → belching and flatulence, potential for systemic
alkalosis
• Sodium content of antacids → can be important in pts w/ HTN or CHF
• Excessive intake of calcium carbonate along w/ calcium foods →
hypercalcemia
Mucosal Protective Agents - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cytoprotective compounds
Sucralfate
Bismuth Compounds
Cytoprotective Compounds - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔enhance mucosal protection
mechanisms → preventing mucosal injury, ↓ inflammation, promotes
healing of existing ulcers
