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Fundamentals of Autism ✔Correct Answer-social communication disorder that lasts throughout life
spectrum of individuals, different skills and deficits
over 1.5% of popl. has been diagnosed with ASD
CDC currently reports that 1 in 44 learners have an ASD
Some individuals with autism have co-occurring conditions that span across mental health,
development, and physical health (ex: anxiety, ADHD, sleep disorders, etc)
Diagnosis Process of ASD ✔Correct Answer-Comprehensive evaluation conducted by a team of
professionals
DSM-5 focuses on 2 categories of criteria: impairments in social communication & restricted interests
and repetitive patterns of behavior
Schools can have separate criteria to determine if a student qualifies for supplemental services
Autism Characteristics- 4 categories ✔Correct Answer-Social communication
communication & language
restrictive or repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities
thinking and learning
Social Communication (Autism Characteristics- 4) ✔Correct Answer-Foundation social skills-
reciprocating in conversation, gaining attention, and joint attention
Understanding and using non-verbal cues- understanding facial expressions, reduction in eye contact,
understanding social cues
Conversation skills- difficulty engaging in on-topic conversations, limited speech, taking turns
Connecting with others- forming and maintaining relationships
Communication & Language (Autism Characteristics- 4) ✔Correct Answer-Difficulty understanding
communication- may require time to fully understand, have trouble with abstract language (wait 5-
10 seconds for a response)
Range of verbal and expressive communication- verbal communication, alternative and
augmentative communication (AAC), non-verbal communication (sign language, gestures, PECS)
Unusual "non-typical" patterns of language of communication- Idiosyncratic language (variation in
what is typically said), echolalia
Unusual "non-typical" speech patterns- variation in intonation in speech (monotone v dynamic tone
variations), odd pace/rhythm
Restrictive or Repetitive Behaviors, Interests, and Activities (RRBs) (Autism Characteristics- 4)
✔Correct Answer-Repetitive movements- stereotypical behaviors (ex: rocking in chair, moving items
back and forth, etc)
Need for sameness/routines- change to environment/routine can evoke challenging behaviors
Focused interests- specific interest in a particular topic
Sensory issues- hypersensitivities (impacted by small stimuli- lights, buzzing sound, etc),
hyposensitivities (not impacted by stimuli- little response after falling, or not responding to cold/hot
temperatures)- can also include sensory seeking: behaviors to soothe
Thinking and Learning (Autism Characteristics- 2) ✔Correct Answer-Generalization- applying
knowledge or skills to a different situation