CHEM210 / CHEM 210 Module 5 Exam | Latest 2026–2027 Update | Organic Chemistry | Portage Learning | Verified Questions & Answers | Grade A

CHEM210 / CHEM 210 Module 5 Exam | Latest 2026–2027 Update | Organic Chemistry | Portage Learning | Verified Questions & Answers | Grade A Q: Glycerol contains how many alcohol functional groups? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. none of the above Answer c. 3 Q: Which of the following are derived from or made from fatty acids? a. cholesterol b. carotenoids c. phosphoglyceries d. Both a and b e. Both a and c Answer c. phosphoglycerides Q: Triacylglycerols are made from? a. a glycerol backbone b. three fatty acids c. amide linkage between fatty acids d. glycerol backbone and three fatty acids e. All of the above Answer d. glycerol backbone with three fatty acids Q: What would a fatty acid that is saturated look like? Answer There would be no double bonds Q: A _______ is a carboxylic acid that is a structural component of lipids? a. Amino acids b. carotenoid c. sphingolipids d. cholesterol e. none of the above Answer e. none of the above Q: A particular lipid is a liquid at room temperature, so it is called a(n) ____________ a. oil b. fat c. lipid d. membrane e. sphingolipid Answer a. oil Q: Identify the lipid class given by the structural formula: two fatty acids with a choline and phospheric group (polar head) a. phosphoglyceride b. sphingolipid c. cholesterol d. triacylglycerol e. none of the above Answer a. phosphoglyceride Q: ______ are a class of membrane proteins that are firmly associated with the membrane bilayer. a. peripheral protein b. integral protein c. channel protein d. transport protein d. inner transmembrane protein Answer b. integral protein Q: Isoprene units are used to make _________________. a. cholesterol b. carotenoid molecules c. vitamin K d. Both A and C e. all of the above Answer e. all of the above Q: Which notation is for a fatty acid with two double bonds? a. 18:1 (delta 9,13) b. 18:2 (delta 9,13) c. 14: 1 (delta 9,13) d. 2:18 (delta 9,13) e. 14:1:2 (delta 9,13) Answer b. 18:2 (delta 9,13) Q: Which notation indicates a 20-carbon omega-3 fatty acid that contains no other double bonds? a. 20:1 (delta 11) b. 20:1 (delta 18) c. 20:1 (delta 17) d. 20:1 (delta 3) e. 20:3 (delta 3 omega) Answer c. 20:1 (delta 17) Q: _____________ is used as the backbone molecule in the formation of storage fats. a. ceramide b. glucose c. sphingolipid d. glycerol e. phosphoglycerol Answer d. glycerol Q: Which types of membrane lipids determine the blood type of humans? a. triacylglycerols b. phosphoglycerides c. cholesterol d. fatty acids d. sphingolipids Answer d. sphingolipids Q: Sphingolipids are found in high concentration in the membranes of __________________. a. organelles b. myelin sheaths c. all cells d. heart cells e. vitamin K lipids Answer b. myelin sheaths Q: In a sphingolipid, the fatty acids are attached at carbon-1 by this type of linkage? a. ceramid linkage b. amid linkage c. acyl linkage d. ether linkage Answer c. acyl linakge Q: In a sphingolipid, the fatty acids are attached at carbon-2 by this type of linkage? a. amide linkage b. an ether linkage c. an alcohol linkage d. a peptide linkage e. alkyl linkage Answer a. amide linkage Q: In a sphingolipid, the fatty acids are attached at carbon-3 by this type of linkage? a. amide linkage b. acyl linkage c. ester linkage d. phosphoester linkage Answer d. phosphoester linkage Q: What kind of linkage is on the phosphoglyceride carbon-1 and carbon-2? a. ester linkage b. amide linkage c. acyl linkage d. phosphoester linkage Answer c. acyl linkage Q: Membrane proteins: a. are sometimes peripheral b. are sometimes integral c. assist in the transport of molecules d. can get nutrients in and the waste molecule out of the cell e. all are correct Answer e. all are correct Q: Peripheral membrane proteins are: a. go all the way through the membrane and are firmly attached to the membrane b. are firmly attached to the membrane c. are lipids that can be either on the top of the cell or bottom of the cell d. are associated with the inside or outside surface of the membrane e. none of the above Answer d. are associated with the inside or outside surface of the membrane Q: Which statement best describes a general feature of membranes? a. individual lipids molecules are free to move in the membrane b. the interior of the lipid bilayer is very polar c. the membrane breaks easily d. the polar head face inward e. the membrane is rigid Answer a. individual lipids molecules are free to move in the membrane Q: cartoon drawing; circular head with tails; represents which type of lipid? a. fatty acid b. triacylglycerol c. phosphoglyceride d. cholesterol e. none of these Answer c. phosphoglyceride Which vitamin is critical for blood coagulation? a. vitamin A b. vitamin B c. vitamin C d. vitamin D e. vitamin K Answer e. vitamin K _______ is not found in membrane bilayers. a. cholesterol b. sphingolipid c. triacylglycerol d. phosphoglycerides e. all of these c. triacylglycerol What molecule that protects against UV rays is found both in bacteria and in the eyes? a. sphingolipids b. carotenoid c. triacylglycerol d. cholesterol e. water b. carotenoid What molecule has four fused rings in its structure? a. sphingolipid b. carotenoid c. triacylglycerol d. cholesterol e. water d. cholesterol In triacylglycerols, fatty acids are attached to glycerol via a/an _________ linkage. a. -O-CO- b. -NH- c. -O-NH- d. -COO- e. -C=C- a. -O-CO- A lipid is _________. a. a fat b. an oil c. a molecule that dissolves in a non-polar solvent d. is made from isoprene units e. is water soluble c. a molecule that dissolves in a non-polar solvent (short answer) A particular fatty acid molecule has two bends, or kinks, in its structure. What is the cause of the bending or kinking? Double bonds cause the fatty acid to bend or kink. The bending can reduce the packing structure making them more liquid-like. (short answer) Where in the cell are membranes found? They make up cells. The cell membrane and the organelles have membranes as well. (short answer) What type of lipid contains a ceramide? What is the purpose of this lipid? A sphingolipid contains a ceramide structure. Sphingolipids have a few functions; they help with blood identifications and also make up the myelin sheaths of neurons. (short answer) What is the most significant chemical difference between triacylglycerols and phosphoglycerides that lead to their different function? Triacylglycerols are made of a glycerol backbone and three fatty acids. They function in energy storage. Phosphoglycerides are made of a polar head group and two fatty acids. They are perfect to make up membrane bilayers. (short answer) What is the fluid mosaic model and what feature of the cells does it helps us understand? Fluid mosaic model helps us understand membranes. It describes the complex mixture of lipid and proteins. It explains how membranes are not rigid chemically allowing for the membrane to move fluidly but keep its shape. How is the definition of lipid different from protein and carbohydrate? The lipid definition is based on the functional definition of being soluble in a non-polar solvent. Proteins and carbohydrates are based on the structure. What are three functions of lipids? energy, storage, vitamin, protection, and insulation What is the simplified notation for the following compound? 20:1Δ12 How does the omega numbering system differ from the simplified notation? The simplified notation starts number at the carboxylic acid, while the omega system starts at the opposite end - from the -CH3. What does unsaturated mean for a fatty acid? Unsaturated indicates that one or more double bonds are present. What is the difference between a fat and oil? An oil is a lipid that is a liquid at room temperature, while fat is a solid at room temperature. How are phosphoglycerides similar to triacylglycerols? How they different? Both classes of lipid have glycerol as a backbone structure. Both have fatty acids attached to the glycerol. The difference is that phosphoglycerides have two fatty acids attached to the glycerol and, as the name implies, triacylglycerols have three fatty acids. Phosphoglyceride has a polar head group attached. What is the primary function of phosphoglycerides mentioned in this module? forming membrane bilayers What does the circle represent in the cartoon drawing of a phosphoglyceride? the polar head group (can be choline or other groups) Describe at least two functions of sphingolipids. They serve as blood group determinants, the structure of membrane bilayers, and in the myelin sheath of neurons. What is the main difference between phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids? Sphingolipids have a ceramide backbone structure, whereas the phosphoglycerides have a glycerol structure. How many carbons and double bonds are in an isoprene unit? 5 carbons and one double bond What are two functions of isoprenoid compounds? Vitamin production, cholesterol production, and pigment formation Name three components of a cellular membrane. phosphoglycerides, cholesterol, sphingolipids, integral proteins, and peripheral proteins What is an integral protein? a membrane protein firmly attached to the membrane