NSG 221 MENTAL HEALTH FINAL STUDY
GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
⩥ Mental Health Definition. Answer: Mental health: a state of
emotional, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by satisfying
interpersonal relationships, effective behavior and coping, positive self-
concept, and emotional stability
⩥ Mental Illness Definition. Answer: Mental Illness: Mental illness
includes disorders that affect mood, behavior, and thinking, such as
depression, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, and addictive disorders.
Mental disorders often cause significant distress or impaired functioning
or both.
⩥ Levels of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing:. Answer: Levels of
Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing:
Counseling, Interventions, Problem-Solving, Crisis Intervention, Stress
Management, Teach Skills, Encourage Independence, Administer
Medications, Milieu Therapy, Ect.
⩥ Components of Personality According to Freud: Id. Answer: The id is
the part of one's nature that reflects basic or innate desires such as
pleasure-seeking behavior, aggression, and sexual impulses. The id seeks
,instant gratification, causes impulsive unthinking behavior, and has no
regard for rules or social convention.
⩥ Components of Personality According to Freud: Superego. Answer:
The superego is the part of a person's nature that reflects moral and
ethical concepts, values, and parental and social expectations; therefore,
it is in direct opposition to the id. The third component, the ego, is the
balancing or mediating force between the id and the superego.
⩥ Components of Personality According to Freud: Ego. Answer: The
ego represents mature and adaptive behavior that allows a person to
function successfully in the world. Freud believed that anxiety resulted
from the ego's attempts to balance the impulsive instincts of the id with
the stringent rules of the superego.
⩥ Freud's 3 Levels of Awareness. Answer: Conscious refers to the
perceptions, thoughts, and emotions that exist in the person's awareness,
such as being aware of happy feelings or thinking about a loved one.
Preconscious thoughts and emotions are not currently in the person's
awareness, but he or she can recall them with some effort—for example,
an adult remembering what he or she did, thought, or felt as a child.
The unconscious is the realm of thoughts and feelings that motivates a
person even though he or she is totally unaware of them.
⩥ Ego Defense Mechanism Definition:. Answer: Freud believed that the
self, or ego, uses ego defense mechanisms, which are methods of
, attempting to protect the self and cope with basic drives or emotionally
painful thoughts, feelings, or events
⩥ Examples of Ego Defense Mechanisms. Answer: Compensation,
Conversion, Denial, Displacement, Dissociation, Fixation, Identification,
Intellectualization, Introjection (accepting another's believes as one's
own), Projection (unconscious blaming inclinations on external object),
Rationalization, Reaction Formation (think opposite), Regression
(moving back a developmental stage to feel safe), Repression,
Resistance, Sublimation (Substituting a socially acceptable activity for
an impulse that is unacceptable), Substitution, Suppression, Undoing
⩥ Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Oral. Answer: birth to
18 months, Major site of tension and gratification is the mouth, lips, and
tongue; includes biting and sucking activities. Id is present at birth. Ego
develops gradually from rudimentary structure present at birth.
⩥ Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Anal. Answer: 18-36
months, Anus and surrounding areas are major source of interest,
voluntary sphincter control acquired.
⩥ Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Phallic/Oedipal.
Answer: 3-5 years, Genital is the focus of interest, stimulation, and
excitement. Penis is organ of interest for both sexes. Masturbation is
common. Penis envy (wish to possess penis) is seen in girls; oedipal
complex (wish to marry opposite-sex parent and be rid of same-sex
parent) is seen in boys and girls.
GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
⩥ Mental Health Definition. Answer: Mental health: a state of
emotional, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by satisfying
interpersonal relationships, effective behavior and coping, positive self-
concept, and emotional stability
⩥ Mental Illness Definition. Answer: Mental Illness: Mental illness
includes disorders that affect mood, behavior, and thinking, such as
depression, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, and addictive disorders.
Mental disorders often cause significant distress or impaired functioning
or both.
⩥ Levels of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing:. Answer: Levels of
Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing:
Counseling, Interventions, Problem-Solving, Crisis Intervention, Stress
Management, Teach Skills, Encourage Independence, Administer
Medications, Milieu Therapy, Ect.
⩥ Components of Personality According to Freud: Id. Answer: The id is
the part of one's nature that reflects basic or innate desires such as
pleasure-seeking behavior, aggression, and sexual impulses. The id seeks
,instant gratification, causes impulsive unthinking behavior, and has no
regard for rules or social convention.
⩥ Components of Personality According to Freud: Superego. Answer:
The superego is the part of a person's nature that reflects moral and
ethical concepts, values, and parental and social expectations; therefore,
it is in direct opposition to the id. The third component, the ego, is the
balancing or mediating force between the id and the superego.
⩥ Components of Personality According to Freud: Ego. Answer: The
ego represents mature and adaptive behavior that allows a person to
function successfully in the world. Freud believed that anxiety resulted
from the ego's attempts to balance the impulsive instincts of the id with
the stringent rules of the superego.
⩥ Freud's 3 Levels of Awareness. Answer: Conscious refers to the
perceptions, thoughts, and emotions that exist in the person's awareness,
such as being aware of happy feelings or thinking about a loved one.
Preconscious thoughts and emotions are not currently in the person's
awareness, but he or she can recall them with some effort—for example,
an adult remembering what he or she did, thought, or felt as a child.
The unconscious is the realm of thoughts and feelings that motivates a
person even though he or she is totally unaware of them.
⩥ Ego Defense Mechanism Definition:. Answer: Freud believed that the
self, or ego, uses ego defense mechanisms, which are methods of
, attempting to protect the self and cope with basic drives or emotionally
painful thoughts, feelings, or events
⩥ Examples of Ego Defense Mechanisms. Answer: Compensation,
Conversion, Denial, Displacement, Dissociation, Fixation, Identification,
Intellectualization, Introjection (accepting another's believes as one's
own), Projection (unconscious blaming inclinations on external object),
Rationalization, Reaction Formation (think opposite), Regression
(moving back a developmental stage to feel safe), Repression,
Resistance, Sublimation (Substituting a socially acceptable activity for
an impulse that is unacceptable), Substitution, Suppression, Undoing
⩥ Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Oral. Answer: birth to
18 months, Major site of tension and gratification is the mouth, lips, and
tongue; includes biting and sucking activities. Id is present at birth. Ego
develops gradually from rudimentary structure present at birth.
⩥ Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Anal. Answer: 18-36
months, Anus and surrounding areas are major source of interest,
voluntary sphincter control acquired.
⩥ Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Phallic/Oedipal.
Answer: 3-5 years, Genital is the focus of interest, stimulation, and
excitement. Penis is organ of interest for both sexes. Masturbation is
common. Penis envy (wish to possess penis) is seen in girls; oedipal
complex (wish to marry opposite-sex parent and be rid of same-sex
parent) is seen in boys and girls.
