NURS 302 Exam 2 (Musculoskeletal 1/2) –
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Terms in this set (118)
Sprain an injury to the ligament structurs surrounding a joint
1st degree sprain mild tearing of a few fibers
2nd degree sprain parital tearing, more swelling and tenderness
3rd degree sprain complete tearing of the ligament
Presentation Sprain extreme pain, may be able to palpate gap in the joint
most common: ankle and wrist
Strain excessive stretching of a muscle and facial sheath
often involves the tendon
1st degree strain mild or slightly pulled muscle
2nd degree strain moderately torn muscle
3rd degree strain severely ruptured or torn muscle
Strain Presentation pain, edema, decreased ability to function, bruising
Sprain/Strain Complications avulsion fracture- ligament pulls loose a fragment of
the bone
hemoarthrosis- bleeding into joint cavity
unstable joint can dislocate
may rupture the muscle
usually self limiting with full function in 3-6 weeks
,Nursing Care Sprain/Strain rest and limit usage
ice
compression
elevate
analgesia
48 hours after injury: heat/limited use, continue
analgesia
pt education: warm up exercises
Dislocation severe injury of the ligament structures surrounding a
joint, results in complete displacement or separation
of the articular surfaces of the joint
Sublaxation partial or incomplete displacement of the joint
surface
Dislocation Treatment closed/open reduction/realignment
immobilize
pain mgmt (Muscle relaxants, conscious sedation)
rehab to prevent contractures
pt education increased likelihood of future
dislocations once joint is separated
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome condition caused by compression of median nerve
caused by tendonitis, mass, RA, repetitive motion
s/s: weakness, burning, numbness, impaired sensation
along medial nerve
phalen's sign, tinel's sign
Treatment Carpal Tunnel Syndrome relieve underlying cause
stop aggravating movement, remove mass
injection of steroids for short term relief
decompression of median nerve by longitudinal
division of transverse ligament
, Carpal Tunnel Nursing Care education about risk factors
splints to dorsiflex wrist and relieve pressure on the
nerve
avoid extreme temps following injection
postop care following longitudinal division of the
transverse ligament
rehab for us to 7 weeks
Rotator Cuff Injury supraspintaus, infraspinatus, teres minor,
subscapularis
occurs when there is a tear in the rotator cuff and
humeral head no longer stablized
cause: aging, repetitive stress, trauma
s/s: shoulder weakness, pain, decreased ROM
tx: NSAIDs, steroids, PT
complications: scar tissue, arthrofibrosis after surgery
Meniscus Injury damage or shearing of menisci d/t rotational stress
with knee/foot fixed, blow to the knee
s/s: local pain/tenderness, knee clicks/pops, pain
with abduction/adduction, quads atrophy
tx: immobilize, ice, crutches, surgery if torn, pain
mgmt, PT/ROM/knee brace
edcuation: pre-activity warm up/stretch
Fracture disruption of break in continuity of the structure of
the bone
traumatic injury causes most, some secondary to
disease processes
open/closed
s/s: edema/swelling, pain/tenderness, muscle
spasms, deformity, ecchymosis, loss function,
crepitation
Avulsion tendons pulling off part of the bone
usually occurs with sprains/strains
Questions With Proper Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (118)
Sprain an injury to the ligament structurs surrounding a joint
1st degree sprain mild tearing of a few fibers
2nd degree sprain parital tearing, more swelling and tenderness
3rd degree sprain complete tearing of the ligament
Presentation Sprain extreme pain, may be able to palpate gap in the joint
most common: ankle and wrist
Strain excessive stretching of a muscle and facial sheath
often involves the tendon
1st degree strain mild or slightly pulled muscle
2nd degree strain moderately torn muscle
3rd degree strain severely ruptured or torn muscle
Strain Presentation pain, edema, decreased ability to function, bruising
Sprain/Strain Complications avulsion fracture- ligament pulls loose a fragment of
the bone
hemoarthrosis- bleeding into joint cavity
unstable joint can dislocate
may rupture the muscle
usually self limiting with full function in 3-6 weeks
,Nursing Care Sprain/Strain rest and limit usage
ice
compression
elevate
analgesia
48 hours after injury: heat/limited use, continue
analgesia
pt education: warm up exercises
Dislocation severe injury of the ligament structures surrounding a
joint, results in complete displacement or separation
of the articular surfaces of the joint
Sublaxation partial or incomplete displacement of the joint
surface
Dislocation Treatment closed/open reduction/realignment
immobilize
pain mgmt (Muscle relaxants, conscious sedation)
rehab to prevent contractures
pt education increased likelihood of future
dislocations once joint is separated
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome condition caused by compression of median nerve
caused by tendonitis, mass, RA, repetitive motion
s/s: weakness, burning, numbness, impaired sensation
along medial nerve
phalen's sign, tinel's sign
Treatment Carpal Tunnel Syndrome relieve underlying cause
stop aggravating movement, remove mass
injection of steroids for short term relief
decompression of median nerve by longitudinal
division of transverse ligament
, Carpal Tunnel Nursing Care education about risk factors
splints to dorsiflex wrist and relieve pressure on the
nerve
avoid extreme temps following injection
postop care following longitudinal division of the
transverse ligament
rehab for us to 7 weeks
Rotator Cuff Injury supraspintaus, infraspinatus, teres minor,
subscapularis
occurs when there is a tear in the rotator cuff and
humeral head no longer stablized
cause: aging, repetitive stress, trauma
s/s: shoulder weakness, pain, decreased ROM
tx: NSAIDs, steroids, PT
complications: scar tissue, arthrofibrosis after surgery
Meniscus Injury damage or shearing of menisci d/t rotational stress
with knee/foot fixed, blow to the knee
s/s: local pain/tenderness, knee clicks/pops, pain
with abduction/adduction, quads atrophy
tx: immobilize, ice, crutches, surgery if torn, pain
mgmt, PT/ROM/knee brace
edcuation: pre-activity warm up/stretch
Fracture disruption of break in continuity of the structure of
the bone
traumatic injury causes most, some secondary to
disease processes
open/closed
s/s: edema/swelling, pain/tenderness, muscle
spasms, deformity, ecchymosis, loss function,
crepitation
Avulsion tendons pulling off part of the bone
usually occurs with sprains/strains
