CLASS 10 NOTES
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Agriculture
PRASHANT KIRAD
, PRASHANT KIRAD
AGRICULTURE
About 50–55% of India’s workforce is engaged in agriculture
Types of Farming: exam me ayega (E.M.A)
Primitive subsistence farming Intensive subsistence farming Commercial farming
1. Primitive subsistence farming/ Slash and burn agriculture :
Practised on small patches of land with primitive tools by farmers.
Use of Primitive tools like hoe, dao, digging stick
Dependent on: monsoon, soil fertility, environment.
Slash and Burn Agriculture : it involves clearing land by Clearing land by
cutting and burning vegetation and plants on it, farming there for a short
time, and then moving on to clear a new piece of land. Also called Shifting
Cultivation. It is known by different names in India and the world like
Jhumming - North-East India, Milpa -Mexico, Roca - Brazil, Ladang - Malaysia
2. Intensive Subsistence Farming:
Practiced in high population areas.
Labour-intensive farming where high doses of biochemical inputs and
irrigation are used for higher production.
Problems: Due to continuous division of land, the size of holdings is very
small, making intensive farming necessary, making input management
difficult and large-scale farming impossible.
3. Commercial Farming:
Modern Inputs used: HYV (High yielding variety) seeds, chemical
fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides.
Commercialization: Varies by region.
Examples: Wheat and rice.
Plantation:
Commercial farming: Multiple crops possible.
Plantation agriculture: A type of commercial farming
where a single crop is grown on a large area using
capital-intensive methods. Single crop on large area.
Requires intensive capital and many workers. JOSH METER?
Needs good transport, communication, processing
industries, and market.
Examples: Tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, banana.
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Agriculture
PRASHANT KIRAD
, PRASHANT KIRAD
AGRICULTURE
About 50–55% of India’s workforce is engaged in agriculture
Types of Farming: exam me ayega (E.M.A)
Primitive subsistence farming Intensive subsistence farming Commercial farming
1. Primitive subsistence farming/ Slash and burn agriculture :
Practised on small patches of land with primitive tools by farmers.
Use of Primitive tools like hoe, dao, digging stick
Dependent on: monsoon, soil fertility, environment.
Slash and Burn Agriculture : it involves clearing land by Clearing land by
cutting and burning vegetation and plants on it, farming there for a short
time, and then moving on to clear a new piece of land. Also called Shifting
Cultivation. It is known by different names in India and the world like
Jhumming - North-East India, Milpa -Mexico, Roca - Brazil, Ladang - Malaysia
2. Intensive Subsistence Farming:
Practiced in high population areas.
Labour-intensive farming where high doses of biochemical inputs and
irrigation are used for higher production.
Problems: Due to continuous division of land, the size of holdings is very
small, making intensive farming necessary, making input management
difficult and large-scale farming impossible.
3. Commercial Farming:
Modern Inputs used: HYV (High yielding variety) seeds, chemical
fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides.
Commercialization: Varies by region.
Examples: Wheat and rice.
Plantation:
Commercial farming: Multiple crops possible.
Plantation agriculture: A type of commercial farming
where a single crop is grown on a large area using
capital-intensive methods. Single crop on large area.
Requires intensive capital and many workers. JOSH METER?
Needs good transport, communication, processing
industries, and market.
Examples: Tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, banana.
