PHARMACOLOGY EVOLVE HESI LATEST
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ON
NEOSTIGMINE,
UPDATED STUDY GUIDE
Dopamine is administered to a client who is hypotensive. Which finding should
the nurse identify as a therapeutic response?
A. Gain in weight
B. Increase in urine output
C. Improved gastric motility
D. Decrease in blood pressure - ✔✔✔✔-B. Increase in urine output
Intropin activates dopamine receptors in the kidney and dilates blood vessels to
improve renal perfusion, so an increase in urine output indicates an increase in
glomerular filtration caused by increased arterial blood pressure. Option A is
related to fluid retention but is not an indicator of a therapeutic response to
dopamine therapy. Option C is not related to the vasopressor effect of dopamine
therapy. Dopamine increases cardiac output, which increases a client's blood
pressure, not option D.
A client with viral influenza is receiving vitamin C, 1000 mg PO daily, and
acetaminophen elixir, 650 mg PO every 4 hours PRN. The nurse calls the health
Page 1 of 79
,care provider to report that the client has developed diarrhea. Which change in
prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Change the acetaminophen to ibuprofen.
Change the elixir to an injectable route.
Decrease the dose of vitamin C.
Begin treatment with an antibiotic. - ✔✔✔✔-C. Decrease the dose of vitamin C.
When providing nursing care for a client receiving pyridostigmine bromide for
myasthenia gravis, which nursing intervention has the highest priority?
Monitor the client frequently for urinary retention.
Assess respiratory status and breath sounds often.
Monitor blood pressure each shift to screen for hypertension.
Administer most medications after meals to decrease gastrointestinal irritation. -
✔✔✔✔-B. Assess respiratory status and breath sounds often.
A client with a dislocated shoulder is being prepared for a closed manual
reduction using conscious sedation. Which medication should the nurse explain
as a sedative used during the procedure?
A.Inhaled nitrous oxide
B.Midazolam IV
C.Ketamine IM
D.Fentanyl and droperidol IM - ✔✔✔✔-B. Midazolam IV
Page 2 of 79
,A client is being discharged with a prescription for sulfasalazine to treat
ulcerative colitis. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client prior
to discharge?
Maintain good oral hygiene.
Take the medication 30 minutes before a meal.
Discontinue use of the drug gradually.
Drink at least eight glasses of fluid a day. - ✔✔✔✔-D. Drink at least eight
glasses of fluid a day.
The health care provider prescribes carbamazepine for a child whose tonic-
clonic seizures have been poorly controlled. The nurse informs the mother that
the child must have blood tests every week. The mother asks why so many
blood tests are necessary. Which complication is assessed through frequent
laboratory testing that the nurse should explain to this mother?
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Myelosuppression
D.Hepatotoxicity - ✔✔✔✔-C. Myelosuppression
A 19-year-old male client who has sustained a severe head injury is intubated
and placed on assisted mechanical ventilation. To facilitate optimal ventilation
and prevent the client from "fighting" the ventilator, the health care provider
administers pancuronium bromide IV, with adjunctive opioid analgesia. What
Page 3 of 79
, medication should be immediately accessible for a potential complication with
this drug?
Dantrolene sodium
Neostigmine bromide
Succinylcholine bromide
Epinephrine - ✔✔✔✔-B. Neostigmine bromideMyelosuppression is the highest
priority complication that can potentially affect clients managed with
carbamazepine therapy. The client requires close monitoring for this condition
by weekly laboratory testing. Hepatic function may be altered, but this
complication does not have as great a potential for occurrence as option C.
Options A and B are not typical complications of carbamazepine therapy.
When developing a written nursing care plan for a client receiving
chemotherapy for treatment of cancer, the nurse writes,
"Assess each voiding for hematuria." The administration of which type of
chemotherapeutic agent would prompt the nurse to add this intervention?
A. Vincristine
B. Bleomycin sulfate
C. Chlorambucil
D. Cyclophosphamide - ✔✔✔✔-D. Cyclophosphamide
Page 4 of 79
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ON
NEOSTIGMINE,
UPDATED STUDY GUIDE
Dopamine is administered to a client who is hypotensive. Which finding should
the nurse identify as a therapeutic response?
A. Gain in weight
B. Increase in urine output
C. Improved gastric motility
D. Decrease in blood pressure - ✔✔✔✔-B. Increase in urine output
Intropin activates dopamine receptors in the kidney and dilates blood vessels to
improve renal perfusion, so an increase in urine output indicates an increase in
glomerular filtration caused by increased arterial blood pressure. Option A is
related to fluid retention but is not an indicator of a therapeutic response to
dopamine therapy. Option C is not related to the vasopressor effect of dopamine
therapy. Dopamine increases cardiac output, which increases a client's blood
pressure, not option D.
A client with viral influenza is receiving vitamin C, 1000 mg PO daily, and
acetaminophen elixir, 650 mg PO every 4 hours PRN. The nurse calls the health
Page 1 of 79
,care provider to report that the client has developed diarrhea. Which change in
prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Change the acetaminophen to ibuprofen.
Change the elixir to an injectable route.
Decrease the dose of vitamin C.
Begin treatment with an antibiotic. - ✔✔✔✔-C. Decrease the dose of vitamin C.
When providing nursing care for a client receiving pyridostigmine bromide for
myasthenia gravis, which nursing intervention has the highest priority?
Monitor the client frequently for urinary retention.
Assess respiratory status and breath sounds often.
Monitor blood pressure each shift to screen for hypertension.
Administer most medications after meals to decrease gastrointestinal irritation. -
✔✔✔✔-B. Assess respiratory status and breath sounds often.
A client with a dislocated shoulder is being prepared for a closed manual
reduction using conscious sedation. Which medication should the nurse explain
as a sedative used during the procedure?
A.Inhaled nitrous oxide
B.Midazolam IV
C.Ketamine IM
D.Fentanyl and droperidol IM - ✔✔✔✔-B. Midazolam IV
Page 2 of 79
,A client is being discharged with a prescription for sulfasalazine to treat
ulcerative colitis. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client prior
to discharge?
Maintain good oral hygiene.
Take the medication 30 minutes before a meal.
Discontinue use of the drug gradually.
Drink at least eight glasses of fluid a day. - ✔✔✔✔-D. Drink at least eight
glasses of fluid a day.
The health care provider prescribes carbamazepine for a child whose tonic-
clonic seizures have been poorly controlled. The nurse informs the mother that
the child must have blood tests every week. The mother asks why so many
blood tests are necessary. Which complication is assessed through frequent
laboratory testing that the nurse should explain to this mother?
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Myelosuppression
D.Hepatotoxicity - ✔✔✔✔-C. Myelosuppression
A 19-year-old male client who has sustained a severe head injury is intubated
and placed on assisted mechanical ventilation. To facilitate optimal ventilation
and prevent the client from "fighting" the ventilator, the health care provider
administers pancuronium bromide IV, with adjunctive opioid analgesia. What
Page 3 of 79
, medication should be immediately accessible for a potential complication with
this drug?
Dantrolene sodium
Neostigmine bromide
Succinylcholine bromide
Epinephrine - ✔✔✔✔-B. Neostigmine bromideMyelosuppression is the highest
priority complication that can potentially affect clients managed with
carbamazepine therapy. The client requires close monitoring for this condition
by weekly laboratory testing. Hepatic function may be altered, but this
complication does not have as great a potential for occurrence as option C.
Options A and B are not typical complications of carbamazepine therapy.
When developing a written nursing care plan for a client receiving
chemotherapy for treatment of cancer, the nurse writes,
"Assess each voiding for hematuria." The administration of which type of
chemotherapeutic agent would prompt the nurse to add this intervention?
A. Vincristine
B. Bleomycin sulfate
C. Chlorambucil
D. Cyclophosphamide - ✔✔✔✔-D. Cyclophosphamide
Page 4 of 79
