Lamar University POLS 2302 Exam 1
Alexander Hamilton - ✔️✔️1789-1795; First Secretary of the Treasury. He advocated
creation of a national bank, assumption of state debts by the federal government, and a
tariff system to pay off the national debt.
Judiciary Act of 1789 - ✔️✔️The act Marbury used to go directly to the supreme court
in Marbury v Madison
appellate jurisdiction - ✔️✔️the power of a higher court to review and revise a lower
court's decision
Supreme Court - ✔️✔️the highest federal court in the United States
judicial review - ✔️✔️ability to take a law and examine/compare it to the constitution
Thurgood Marshall - ✔️✔️American civil rights lawyer, first black justice on the
Supreme Court of the United States. Marshall was a tireless advocate for the rights of
minorities and the poor.
freedom-of-choice plans - ✔️✔️A school integration plan mandating no particular racial
balance
Monarchy - ✔️✔️a form of government where one ruler, usually a hereditary one, holds
political power
Representative Democracy - ✔️✔️a form of government where voters elect
representatives to make decisions and pass laws on behalf of all the people instead of
allowing people to vote directly on laws
American political culture - ✔️✔️-A set of basic, foundational values and beliefs about
government that is shared by most citizens. Key elements: democracy, equality before
the law, limited government, capitalism & private property
-The collection of public opinion through polling and interviews
economic freedom - ✔️✔️is the ability of people of a society to take economic actions
democracy - ✔️✔️a form of government where political power rests in the hands of the
people
, Shay's Rebellion - ✔️✔️armed uprising led by Daniel Shay due to economic reasons;
led that there needed to be a change in our current constitution ( He borrowed money
from Massachusetts and could not pay it back)
auxiliary precautions - ✔️✔️A dependence on the people is, no doubt, the primary
control on the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity
power map - ✔️✔️a visual tool used by social advocates to identify the best individuals
to target to promote social change
direct democracy - ✔️✔️a form of government where people participate directly in
making government decisions instead of choosing representatives to do this for them
pluralist theory - ✔️✔️claims political power rests in the hands of groups of people
Robert Putnam - ✔️✔️argued that a decline in social capital has led to a decline in
political participation. Mid-20th century societal changes fueling the decline in social
capital: mobility and urban sprawl; technology and mass media; generational change.
Social Contract - ✔️✔️an agreement between people and government in which citizens
consent to be governed so long as the government protects their natural rights
Articles of Confederation - ✔️✔️-First constitution, very weak
- States retained power
-no army, no president and weak national gov
- led to shays rebellion
New Jersey Plan - ✔️✔️representation by equal representation
enumerated powers - ✔️✔️the powers given explicitly to the federal government by the
Constitution (Article I, Section 8); power to regulate interstate and foreign commerce,
raise and support armies, declare war, coin money, and conduct foreign affairs
The Federalist Papers - ✔️✔️A collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton,
John Jay, and James Madison under the name "Publius" to defend the Constitution in
detail.
writ of certiorari - ✔️✔️4 supreme court justices have to agree to hear your case
white primaries - ✔️✔️a primary election in which only White people are allowed to
vote
de jure segregation - ✔️✔️segregation that results from government discrimination
Alexander Hamilton - ✔️✔️1789-1795; First Secretary of the Treasury. He advocated
creation of a national bank, assumption of state debts by the federal government, and a
tariff system to pay off the national debt.
Judiciary Act of 1789 - ✔️✔️The act Marbury used to go directly to the supreme court
in Marbury v Madison
appellate jurisdiction - ✔️✔️the power of a higher court to review and revise a lower
court's decision
Supreme Court - ✔️✔️the highest federal court in the United States
judicial review - ✔️✔️ability to take a law and examine/compare it to the constitution
Thurgood Marshall - ✔️✔️American civil rights lawyer, first black justice on the
Supreme Court of the United States. Marshall was a tireless advocate for the rights of
minorities and the poor.
freedom-of-choice plans - ✔️✔️A school integration plan mandating no particular racial
balance
Monarchy - ✔️✔️a form of government where one ruler, usually a hereditary one, holds
political power
Representative Democracy - ✔️✔️a form of government where voters elect
representatives to make decisions and pass laws on behalf of all the people instead of
allowing people to vote directly on laws
American political culture - ✔️✔️-A set of basic, foundational values and beliefs about
government that is shared by most citizens. Key elements: democracy, equality before
the law, limited government, capitalism & private property
-The collection of public opinion through polling and interviews
economic freedom - ✔️✔️is the ability of people of a society to take economic actions
democracy - ✔️✔️a form of government where political power rests in the hands of the
people
, Shay's Rebellion - ✔️✔️armed uprising led by Daniel Shay due to economic reasons;
led that there needed to be a change in our current constitution ( He borrowed money
from Massachusetts and could not pay it back)
auxiliary precautions - ✔️✔️A dependence on the people is, no doubt, the primary
control on the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity
power map - ✔️✔️a visual tool used by social advocates to identify the best individuals
to target to promote social change
direct democracy - ✔️✔️a form of government where people participate directly in
making government decisions instead of choosing representatives to do this for them
pluralist theory - ✔️✔️claims political power rests in the hands of groups of people
Robert Putnam - ✔️✔️argued that a decline in social capital has led to a decline in
political participation. Mid-20th century societal changes fueling the decline in social
capital: mobility and urban sprawl; technology and mass media; generational change.
Social Contract - ✔️✔️an agreement between people and government in which citizens
consent to be governed so long as the government protects their natural rights
Articles of Confederation - ✔️✔️-First constitution, very weak
- States retained power
-no army, no president and weak national gov
- led to shays rebellion
New Jersey Plan - ✔️✔️representation by equal representation
enumerated powers - ✔️✔️the powers given explicitly to the federal government by the
Constitution (Article I, Section 8); power to regulate interstate and foreign commerce,
raise and support armies, declare war, coin money, and conduct foreign affairs
The Federalist Papers - ✔️✔️A collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton,
John Jay, and James Madison under the name "Publius" to defend the Constitution in
detail.
writ of certiorari - ✔️✔️4 supreme court justices have to agree to hear your case
white primaries - ✔️✔️a primary election in which only White people are allowed to
vote
de jure segregation - ✔️✔️segregation that results from government discrimination
