NURS 3040 Exam 1 Lesson 2
Cellular Injury - answerOccurs when any factor disrupts cell structure or function
obstructing cell maintain homeostasis.
Na+/K+ Pump - answerExpels 3 Na+ in exchange for 2 K+.
- higher potassium inside cell
- higher sodium outside cell
Requires energy.
Hypoxic Injury - answerResult from lack of oxygen.
Hypoxia - answerOxygen deprivation.
Impaired O2 delivery.
Lack of O2.
Cellular power failure - answerCaused by hypoxia.
Anaerobic Metabolism
Lactic Acid Accumulation
Damaged Plasma Membrane - answerCellular swelling: sodium not pumped out of cell,
stays inside and attracts water.
Damaged organelles - answerImpaired protein synthesis.
Accumulation Injury - answerCalcification, Lipids, Protein, Pigments, Urate,
Environmental
Calcification - answerSodium-calcium exchange across membrane.
Lipids - answerHepatocytes, responsible for lipid metabolism.
Can lead to "fatty" liver.
Genetic Disorders: tay-sachs, ALD
Protein - answerAlzheimer's: accumulation of amyloid plaque proteins.
Huntington's: accumulated Huntington's proteins in CNS.
Pigments - answerAccumulate in tissue.
Hemosiderin and Bilirubin
Hemosiderin - answerRBCs pushed into subcutaneous tissue.
Yellow-brown pigment/bruise.
Macrophages can't keep up with removing RBCs.
Cellular Injury - answerOccurs when any factor disrupts cell structure or function
obstructing cell maintain homeostasis.
Na+/K+ Pump - answerExpels 3 Na+ in exchange for 2 K+.
- higher potassium inside cell
- higher sodium outside cell
Requires energy.
Hypoxic Injury - answerResult from lack of oxygen.
Hypoxia - answerOxygen deprivation.
Impaired O2 delivery.
Lack of O2.
Cellular power failure - answerCaused by hypoxia.
Anaerobic Metabolism
Lactic Acid Accumulation
Damaged Plasma Membrane - answerCellular swelling: sodium not pumped out of cell,
stays inside and attracts water.
Damaged organelles - answerImpaired protein synthesis.
Accumulation Injury - answerCalcification, Lipids, Protein, Pigments, Urate,
Environmental
Calcification - answerSodium-calcium exchange across membrane.
Lipids - answerHepatocytes, responsible for lipid metabolism.
Can lead to "fatty" liver.
Genetic Disorders: tay-sachs, ALD
Protein - answerAlzheimer's: accumulation of amyloid plaque proteins.
Huntington's: accumulated Huntington's proteins in CNS.
Pigments - answerAccumulate in tissue.
Hemosiderin and Bilirubin
Hemosiderin - answerRBCs pushed into subcutaneous tissue.
Yellow-brown pigment/bruise.
Macrophages can't keep up with removing RBCs.
