BMS 300 exam 3 with verified detailed answers || || || || || || ||
diffusion limits - ✔✔distance from oxygen or nutrition source
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arteries - ✔✔lead away from the heart (ox)
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veins - ✔✔carry blood to the heart (deox); return vessels
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capillaries - ✔✔where oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and metabolites are exchanged;
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cap bed=exchange tubes
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fish cardiovascular system: atrium - ✔✔recieves blood from the systematic vasculature;
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sends deox blood to the gills
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fish cardiovascular system: ventrical - ✔✔pumps blood to the gill and the system vascular
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fish cardiovascular system: gill structure - ✔✔erythrocyte; endothelia cell; blood vessel
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fish cardiovascular system: gill capillaries - ✔✔drawn together to form vesicles that deliver
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
oxygen rich blood to the tissues
|| || || || ||
order of the mammalian heart - ✔✔oxygen poor blood get pumped through inferior and
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superior vena cava, then into RA, through tricuspid valve or R. atrioventricular valve into
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the RV and out through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery to lungs, from lungs
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
oxygen rich blood enters the heart through the pulmonary vein into the LA; then goes
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
through bicuspid valve or L. atrioventricular valve into the LV and out of the heart through
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the aorta valve into the aorta to carry oxygen rich blood to tissues
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
,what kind of system is the mammalian heart? - ✔✔closed
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endothelia cells - ✔✔cells of the pulmonary capillaries; continuous layer within
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pericardium - ✔✔coninuous outer layer of mesothelial cells; attached to body wall; attached
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to basil lamina
|| || ||
contraction left side - ✔✔contraction of the atremyocardium; contraction of the ventricular
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myocardium; cant change volume of heart, pressure increases, force generated on the blood
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in the ventricle; as ventricle contracts, AV valve shuts and aorta valve open; muscle more
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thick than right side; low pressure return from lungs
|| || || || || || || ||
diastole - ✔✔period of ventricular filling (atrial contraction, isovolumetric ventricular
|| || || || || || || || || ||
relaxation)
isometric relaxation - ✔✔short 30-60 seconds; sarcomeres smaller
|| || || || || || ||
cardia output - ✔✔4.3 L/min
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ejection phase - ✔✔blood leaves the ventricle across the aortic valve
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afterload - ✔✔pressure on the ventricular myocardium after a contraction begins
|| || || || || || || || || ||
For the left ventricle, pressure in the aorta during ventricular ejection determines the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
afterload. ||
Afterload ^ mean arterial pressure ) || || || || ||
, cardiac cycle - ✔✔diastole; || || ||
artial myocardium contraction;
|| ||
ventricular myocardium contraction; || ||
period of isometric contraction; afterload;
|| || || ||
ejection;
isovolumetric relaxation ||
blood supply to the myocardium - ✔✔through the coronary arteries-> arterioles->
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
capillaries (exchange bed) -> coronary sinus -> right atrium; require a capillary bed to
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
deliver oxygen and nutrients; blood flow to the myocardial capillary beds occurs during
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
distaole
structure of cardiomyocyte - ✔✔uninuclear and branched
|| || || || || ||
cardiomyocyte: desmosomes - ✔✔desmosomes (mechanically linked); || || || || ||
gap junction ( link by electrical synapse);
|| || || || || ||
cytoplasmic (protein plaque); || ||
cadherons
cardiomyocyte: Dihydropurine receptor - ✔✔v-g calcium channel; sense positive charge and
|| || || || || || || || || ||
the gate opens; allows calcium in ( calcium induced, causes the RYR to open.. Calcium
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
released)
cardiomyocytes: conductile - ✔✔deliver action potentials to the contractile cardiomyocytes || || || || || || || || ||
cardiomyocytes: contractile - ✔✔generates forces; contracts; 98% of CMC in heart; calcium || || || || || || || || || || || ||
binds to troponin C... calcium induced, calcium released
|| || || || || || ||
diffusion limits - ✔✔distance from oxygen or nutrition source
|| || || || || || || ||
arteries - ✔✔lead away from the heart (ox)
|| || || || || || ||
veins - ✔✔carry blood to the heart (deox); return vessels
|| || || || || || || || ||
capillaries - ✔✔where oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and metabolites are exchanged;
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
cap bed=exchange tubes
|| ||
fish cardiovascular system: atrium - ✔✔recieves blood from the systematic vasculature;
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
sends deox blood to the gills
|| || || || ||
fish cardiovascular system: ventrical - ✔✔pumps blood to the gill and the system vascular
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
fish cardiovascular system: gill structure - ✔✔erythrocyte; endothelia cell; blood vessel
|| || || || || || || || || ||
fish cardiovascular system: gill capillaries - ✔✔drawn together to form vesicles that deliver
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
oxygen rich blood to the tissues
|| || || || ||
order of the mammalian heart - ✔✔oxygen poor blood get pumped through inferior and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
superior vena cava, then into RA, through tricuspid valve or R. atrioventricular valve into
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the RV and out through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery to lungs, from lungs
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
oxygen rich blood enters the heart through the pulmonary vein into the LA; then goes
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
through bicuspid valve or L. atrioventricular valve into the LV and out of the heart through
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the aorta valve into the aorta to carry oxygen rich blood to tissues
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
,what kind of system is the mammalian heart? - ✔✔closed
|| || || || || || || || ||
endothelia cells - ✔✔cells of the pulmonary capillaries; continuous layer within
|| || || || || || || || || ||
pericardium - ✔✔coninuous outer layer of mesothelial cells; attached to body wall; attached
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
to basil lamina
|| || ||
contraction left side - ✔✔contraction of the atremyocardium; contraction of the ventricular
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
myocardium; cant change volume of heart, pressure increases, force generated on the blood
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
in the ventricle; as ventricle contracts, AV valve shuts and aorta valve open; muscle more
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
thick than right side; low pressure return from lungs
|| || || || || || || ||
diastole - ✔✔period of ventricular filling (atrial contraction, isovolumetric ventricular
|| || || || || || || || || ||
relaxation)
isometric relaxation - ✔✔short 30-60 seconds; sarcomeres smaller
|| || || || || || ||
cardia output - ✔✔4.3 L/min
|| || || ||
ejection phase - ✔✔blood leaves the ventricle across the aortic valve
|| || || || || || || || || ||
afterload - ✔✔pressure on the ventricular myocardium after a contraction begins
|| || || || || || || || || ||
For the left ventricle, pressure in the aorta during ventricular ejection determines the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
afterload. ||
Afterload ^ mean arterial pressure ) || || || || ||
, cardiac cycle - ✔✔diastole; || || ||
artial myocardium contraction;
|| ||
ventricular myocardium contraction; || ||
period of isometric contraction; afterload;
|| || || ||
ejection;
isovolumetric relaxation ||
blood supply to the myocardium - ✔✔through the coronary arteries-> arterioles->
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
capillaries (exchange bed) -> coronary sinus -> right atrium; require a capillary bed to
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
deliver oxygen and nutrients; blood flow to the myocardial capillary beds occurs during
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
distaole
structure of cardiomyocyte - ✔✔uninuclear and branched
|| || || || || ||
cardiomyocyte: desmosomes - ✔✔desmosomes (mechanically linked); || || || || ||
gap junction ( link by electrical synapse);
|| || || || || ||
cytoplasmic (protein plaque); || ||
cadherons
cardiomyocyte: Dihydropurine receptor - ✔✔v-g calcium channel; sense positive charge and
|| || || || || || || || || ||
the gate opens; allows calcium in ( calcium induced, causes the RYR to open.. Calcium
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
released)
cardiomyocytes: conductile - ✔✔deliver action potentials to the contractile cardiomyocytes || || || || || || || || ||
cardiomyocytes: contractile - ✔✔generates forces; contracts; 98% of CMC in heart; calcium || || || || || || || || || || || ||
binds to troponin C... calcium induced, calcium released
|| || || || || || ||
