Blood Physiology Exam with verified detailed answers
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What are the 2 main divisions of blood and their percentage of whole blood? - ✔✔1. Blood
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Plasma- 55% ||
2. Formed Elements- 45%
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What are the 3 formed elements in blood? - ✔✔1. Erythrocytes
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2. Leukocytes
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3. Platlets
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Define Hematocrit - ✔✔packed cell volume of erythrocytes; % of RBCs in total blood
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volume
What is the primary component of Blood Plasma? - ✔✔Blood Plasma is 90% *water*
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What are the 3 main plasma proteins? - ✔✔1. Albumin
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2. Globulins
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3. Fibrinogen
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What are the two main functions of Albumin - ✔✔1. binds to many substances (including
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water, cations and hormones)
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2. contributes most to colloidal osmotic pressure
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What are the 3 types of Globulins and their function? - ✔✔1. Alpha- transport water soluble
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substances including clotting factors and inactive precursor molecules
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2. Beta- (similar to Alpha)
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, 3. Gamma- are antibodies
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Describe Fibrinogen - ✔✔Fibrinogen is an inactive precursor for fibrin, fibrin meshes
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together during clotting || ||
What makes up the last 2-4% of blood plasma? - ✔✔Organic substances such as electrolytes,
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nutrients, gases, waste products and hormones
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How many erythrocytes are in 1 ml of blood? - ✔✔5 billion
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How are erythrocytes different than other cells of the body? - ✔✔They contain no nucleus
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or organelles
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Explain the structure of the erythrocytes and how it assists in function - ✔✔1. Erythrocytes
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are a *biconcave disk* which provide a larger surface area for the diffusion of O₂.
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2. Thinness of cell enable O₂ to diffuses rapidly. 1µm in center, 2µm around
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3. Doesn't contain nucleus or organelles so that it can maximize oxygen capacity
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What is the oxygen-carrying protein in a RBC? - ✔✔Hemoglobin
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How many hemoglobin molecules are contained in one RBC? - ✔✔About 250 million
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How many O₂ molecules can one RBC carry? - ✔✔About 1 billion
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What are the 2 parts of a Hemoglobin? - ✔✔1. Globin protein- made of 4 highly folded
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polypeptide chains (two a subunits, two b subunits) || || || || || || ||
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What are the 2 main divisions of blood and their percentage of whole blood? - ✔✔1. Blood
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Plasma- 55% ||
2. Formed Elements- 45%
|| || ||
What are the 3 formed elements in blood? - ✔✔1. Erythrocytes
|| || || || || || || || || ||
2. Leukocytes
||
3. Platlets
||
Define Hematocrit - ✔✔packed cell volume of erythrocytes; % of RBCs in total blood
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
volume
What is the primary component of Blood Plasma? - ✔✔Blood Plasma is 90% *water*
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
What are the 3 main plasma proteins? - ✔✔1. Albumin
|| || || || || || || || ||
2. Globulins
||
3. Fibrinogen
||
What are the two main functions of Albumin - ✔✔1. binds to many substances (including
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
water, cations and hormones)
|| || ||
2. contributes most to colloidal osmotic pressure
|| || || || || ||
What are the 3 types of Globulins and their function? - ✔✔1. Alpha- transport water soluble
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
substances including clotting factors and inactive precursor molecules
|| || || || || || || ||
2. Beta- (similar to Alpha)
|| || || ||
, 3. Gamma- are antibodies
|| || ||
Describe Fibrinogen - ✔✔Fibrinogen is an inactive precursor for fibrin, fibrin meshes
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
together during clotting || ||
What makes up the last 2-4% of blood plasma? - ✔✔Organic substances such as electrolytes,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
nutrients, gases, waste products and hormones
|| || || || || ||
How many erythrocytes are in 1 ml of blood? - ✔✔5 billion
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
How are erythrocytes different than other cells of the body? - ✔✔They contain no nucleus
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
or organelles
||
Explain the structure of the erythrocytes and how it assists in function - ✔✔1. Erythrocytes
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
are a *biconcave disk* which provide a larger surface area for the diffusion of O₂.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
2. Thinness of cell enable O₂ to diffuses rapidly. 1µm in center, 2µm around
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
3. Doesn't contain nucleus or organelles so that it can maximize oxygen capacity
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
What is the oxygen-carrying protein in a RBC? - ✔✔Hemoglobin
|| || || || || || || || ||
How many hemoglobin molecules are contained in one RBC? - ✔✔About 250 million
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
How many O₂ molecules can one RBC carry? - ✔✔About 1 billion
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
What are the 2 parts of a Hemoglobin? - ✔✔1. Globin protein- made of 4 highly folded
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
polypeptide chains (two a subunits, two b subunits) || || || || || || ||
