AC-HPAT Chemistry Exam with verified detailed solutions

AC-HPAT Chemistry Exam with verified detailed solutions || || || || || ||




double-displacement reaction - ✔✔A double displacement reaction, also known as a double || || || || || || || || || || ||




replacement reaction or metathesis, is a type of chemical reaction where two compounds
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react, and the positive ions (cation) and the negative ions (anion) of the two reactants
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switch places, forming two new compounds or products
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Precipitate - ✔✔precipitate is an insoluble solid that emerges from a liquid solution. The
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emergence of the insoluble solid from solution is called precipitation. Often the precipitate
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emerges as a suspension. Precipitates can form when two soluble salts react in solution to
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form one or more insoluble products.
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Energy Levels - ✔✔Energy levels (also called electron shells) are fixed distances from the
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nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found. As you go farther from the nucleus,
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electrons at higher energy levels have more energy. Electrons in the outermost energy level
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of an atom are called valence electrons
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Marquis Test - ✔✔The Marquis Test is commonly used for Ecstasy testing as MDMA turns
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the precipitate purple black. Cobalt thiocyanate is used to test for cocaine. The Cobalt is
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mixed with the questionable substance, then drowned in hydrochloric acid, doused in
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chloroform, and shaken. || ||




What is the relation between an atomic number and a mass number? - ✔✔Atomic number
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is actually the number of protons in an atom while mass number is the number of nucleons
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i. e, number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
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Isotopes - ✔✔Isotopes refer to the nuclides of a certain element that have different numbers
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of neutrons, or in other words, atomic nuclei that have the same number of protons but
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different numbers of neutrons. A radioisotope is an isotope that is unstable and therefore
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undergoes radioactive decay or will at some point. || || || || || || ||

, Chemical Synthesis - ✔✔Chemical synthesis, the construction of complex chemical
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compounds from simpler ones. It is the process by which many substances important to
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daily life are obtained. It is applied to all types of chemical compounds, but most syntheses
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are of organic molecules.
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Decomposition - ✔✔A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which a || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||




single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds. These
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reactions often involve an energy source such as heat, light, or electricity that breaks apart
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the bonds of compounds
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single-displacement reaction - ✔✔A single-displacement reaction, also known as a single- || || || || || || || || || ||




replacement reaction, is a type of chemical reaction where an element reacts with a
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compound and takes the place of another element in that compound. This type of reaction
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is typically pictured like this: Here, A replaces B in the compound BC
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Flame test - ✔✔flame test is an analytical procedure used in chemistry to detect the
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presence of certain elements, primarily metal ions, based on each element's characteristic
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emission spectrum. The color of flames in general also depends on temperature; see flame
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color.



Precipitation reaction - ✔✔A precipitation reaction refers to the formation of an insoluble
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salt when two solutions containing soluble salts are combined. The insoluble salt that falls
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out of solution is known as the precipitate, hence the reaction's name. Precipitation
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reactions can help determine the presence of various ions in solution.
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organic compounds - ✔✔An organic compound is a substance that is added to a product,
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like food, to improve some qualities such as taste, smell, colour and texture. These
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substances can be both positive and negative for human health.
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