Essentials of Geology Study Guide Questions and Answers 2026 2027 Page 1 2026-03-14
Essentials of Geology Study
Guide Questions and
Answers 2026 2027
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Aa flow
A type of lava flow that has a jagged, blocky surface.
Ablation
A general term for the loss of ice and snow from a glacier.
Abrasion
The grinding and scraping of a rock surface by the friction and impact of rock particles carried by water, wind, and
ice.
Abyssal plain
A very level area of the deep-ocean floor, usually lying at the foot of the continental rise.
Accretionary wedge
A large wedge-shaped mass of sediment that accumulates in subduction zones.
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Accretionary wedge
An area where sediment is scraped from the subducting oceanic plate and accreted to the overriding crustal block.
Active continental margin
A margin that is usually narrow and consists of highly deformed sediments. Such margins occur where oceanic
lithosphere is being subducted beneath the margin of a continent.
Active layer
The zone above the permafrost that thaws in summer and refreezes in winter. Aerosol Tiny solid and liquid particles
suspended in the atmosphere.
Aftershock
A smaller earthquake that follows the main earthquake.
Albedo
The reflectivity of a substance, usually expressed as a percentage of the incident radiation reflected.
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Alluvial channel
A stream channel in which the bed and banks are composed largely of unconsolidated sediment (alluvium) that was
previously deposited in the valley.
Alluvial fan
A fan shaped deposit of sediment formed when a stream's slope is abruptly reduced. Alluvium Unconsolidated
sediment deposited by a stream.
Alpine glacier
A glacier confined to a mountain valley, which in most instances had previously been a stream valley. Also called a
valley glacier.
Ambiguous property
A property of a mineral that is not diagnostic because it varies among different specimens of the mineral.
Andesite
A gray, fine-grained igneous rock, primarily of volcanic origin and commonly exhibiting a porphyritic texture.
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Essentials of Geology Study
Guide Questions and
Answers 2026 2027
Guidehttps://www.stuvia.com/dashboard!@_)#*)(@$)($@*($@)($@*_
Essentials of Geology Study Guide Questions and Answers 2026 2027.pdf 1 Essentials of Geology Study Guide Questions and Answers 2026 2027.pdf
,Essentials of Geology Page 2 2026-03-14
Aa flow
A type of lava flow that has a jagged, blocky surface.
Ablation
A general term for the loss of ice and snow from a glacier.
Abrasion
The grinding and scraping of a rock surface by the friction and impact of rock particles carried by water, wind, and
ice.
Abyssal plain
A very level area of the deep-ocean floor, usually lying at the foot of the continental rise.
Accretionary wedge
A large wedge-shaped mass of sediment that accumulates in subduction zones.
Essentials of Geology.pdf 2 Essentials of Geology.pdf
,Essentials of Geology Page 3 2026-03-14
Accretionary wedge
An area where sediment is scraped from the subducting oceanic plate and accreted to the overriding crustal block.
Active continental margin
A margin that is usually narrow and consists of highly deformed sediments. Such margins occur where oceanic
lithosphere is being subducted beneath the margin of a continent.
Active layer
The zone above the permafrost that thaws in summer and refreezes in winter. Aerosol Tiny solid and liquid particles
suspended in the atmosphere.
Aftershock
A smaller earthquake that follows the main earthquake.
Albedo
The reflectivity of a substance, usually expressed as a percentage of the incident radiation reflected.
Essentials of Geology.pdf 3 Essentials of Geology.pdf
, Essentials of Geology Page 4 2026-03-14
Alluvial channel
A stream channel in which the bed and banks are composed largely of unconsolidated sediment (alluvium) that was
previously deposited in the valley.
Alluvial fan
A fan shaped deposit of sediment formed when a stream's slope is abruptly reduced. Alluvium Unconsolidated
sediment deposited by a stream.
Alpine glacier
A glacier confined to a mountain valley, which in most instances had previously been a stream valley. Also called a
valley glacier.
Ambiguous property
A property of a mineral that is not diagnostic because it varies among different specimens of the mineral.
Andesite
A gray, fine-grained igneous rock, primarily of volcanic origin and commonly exhibiting a porphyritic texture.
Essentials of Geology.pdf 4 Essentials of Geology.pdf
