uses extreme cold to destroy abnormal or cryoablation
diseased tissue, such as tumors or damaged
nerves
TREATMENT FOR PROSTATE CANCER
lung disease caused by a long term inhalation of silicosis
silica dust which leads to lung inflammation,
scarring, and breathing difficulties.
GUY WITH SANDBLASTER
damages motor neurons which control voluntary Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
muscle movements
INVOLUNTARY MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
WEAKNESS, LOWER EXTREMITY TWITCHING
AND.
PRESCRIBED ANTI GLUTAMATE
most common form of ALS that occurs randomly SPORADIC ALS
without a known genetic
cause or family history
,A 60-year-old man presents with progressive Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
muscle weakness. He reports difficulty walking,
muscle twitching, and recent trouble swallowing.
On exam, he has both upper motor neuron signs
(e.g., hyperreflexia, spasticity) and lower motor
neuron signs (e.g., muscle atrophy, fasciculations).
Sensation remains intact.
chronic degenerative joint disease that occurs osteoarthritis
when cartilage that cushions the end of bones
gradually wears down over time.
(associated with Osteoarthritis instead of RA) Bouchard nodes
and
Enlargement and bulging of a joint contour, Heberden nodes
commonly described as swelling, are attributed to
the thickening of the subchondral bone from the
proliferation of osteophytes around the margins of
the joint and hypertrophy in the joint capsule.
A 68-year-old woman complains of chronic knee osteoarthritis
pain that worsens with activity and improves with
rest. On examination, there is bony enlargement of
the distal interphalangeal joints (Heberden's
nodes) and crepitus in the knees. There is no
warmth or significant swelling.
,chronic autoimmune disease where the immune rheumatoid arthritis
system mistakenly attacks the synovium causing
inflammation, pain, and joint damage.
A 45-year-old woman presents with joint pain and rheumatoid arthritis
stiffness in her hands and wrists. She reports the
stiffness is worst in the morning and lasts for over
an hour. On exam, there is swelling, tenderness,
and limited range of motion in the
metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal
interphalangeal (PIP) joints bilaterally. Lab results
show positive rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-
CCP antibodies.
an infection or inflammation of the inner lining of ENDOCARDITIS
the heart affecting the heart valves.
it is caused by bacteria, fungi, or other germs
(tooth decay)
**Night sweats
***loud heart murmur
VEGETATION SHOWN ON AN ECHO
, A 35-year-old man with a history of intravenous ENDOCARDITIS
drug use presents with fever, chills, and fatigue.
On exam, he has a new systolic murmur and small,
painless lesions on the palms and soles (Janeway
lesions). Blood cultures are positive for
Staphylococcus aureus.
NECK/JAW PAIN MI (myocardial infarction)
CHEST PAIN (angina pectoris)
VOMITING
DIAGNOSIS
**LACK OF O2=death to muscle tissue (necrosis)
**OCCLUSION OF CORONARY ATERY
A 58-year-old man presents to the emergency MI (myocardial infarction)
department with crushing chest pain radiating to
his left arm, shortness of breath, and nausea. He is
diaphoretic. ECG shows ST-segment elevations in
leads II, III, and aVF. Troponin levels are elevated.
occurs when there is a mismatch between oxygen type 2 MI (myocardial infarction)
supply and demand in the heart leading to
ischemia (lack of oxygen) and heart muscle
damage but without a direct blockage of a
coronary artery
diseased tissue, such as tumors or damaged
nerves
TREATMENT FOR PROSTATE CANCER
lung disease caused by a long term inhalation of silicosis
silica dust which leads to lung inflammation,
scarring, and breathing difficulties.
GUY WITH SANDBLASTER
damages motor neurons which control voluntary Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
muscle movements
INVOLUNTARY MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
WEAKNESS, LOWER EXTREMITY TWITCHING
AND.
PRESCRIBED ANTI GLUTAMATE
most common form of ALS that occurs randomly SPORADIC ALS
without a known genetic
cause or family history
,A 60-year-old man presents with progressive Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
muscle weakness. He reports difficulty walking,
muscle twitching, and recent trouble swallowing.
On exam, he has both upper motor neuron signs
(e.g., hyperreflexia, spasticity) and lower motor
neuron signs (e.g., muscle atrophy, fasciculations).
Sensation remains intact.
chronic degenerative joint disease that occurs osteoarthritis
when cartilage that cushions the end of bones
gradually wears down over time.
(associated with Osteoarthritis instead of RA) Bouchard nodes
and
Enlargement and bulging of a joint contour, Heberden nodes
commonly described as swelling, are attributed to
the thickening of the subchondral bone from the
proliferation of osteophytes around the margins of
the joint and hypertrophy in the joint capsule.
A 68-year-old woman complains of chronic knee osteoarthritis
pain that worsens with activity and improves with
rest. On examination, there is bony enlargement of
the distal interphalangeal joints (Heberden's
nodes) and crepitus in the knees. There is no
warmth or significant swelling.
,chronic autoimmune disease where the immune rheumatoid arthritis
system mistakenly attacks the synovium causing
inflammation, pain, and joint damage.
A 45-year-old woman presents with joint pain and rheumatoid arthritis
stiffness in her hands and wrists. She reports the
stiffness is worst in the morning and lasts for over
an hour. On exam, there is swelling, tenderness,
and limited range of motion in the
metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal
interphalangeal (PIP) joints bilaterally. Lab results
show positive rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-
CCP antibodies.
an infection or inflammation of the inner lining of ENDOCARDITIS
the heart affecting the heart valves.
it is caused by bacteria, fungi, or other germs
(tooth decay)
**Night sweats
***loud heart murmur
VEGETATION SHOWN ON AN ECHO
, A 35-year-old man with a history of intravenous ENDOCARDITIS
drug use presents with fever, chills, and fatigue.
On exam, he has a new systolic murmur and small,
painless lesions on the palms and soles (Janeway
lesions). Blood cultures are positive for
Staphylococcus aureus.
NECK/JAW PAIN MI (myocardial infarction)
CHEST PAIN (angina pectoris)
VOMITING
DIAGNOSIS
**LACK OF O2=death to muscle tissue (necrosis)
**OCCLUSION OF CORONARY ATERY
A 58-year-old man presents to the emergency MI (myocardial infarction)
department with crushing chest pain radiating to
his left arm, shortness of breath, and nausea. He is
diaphoretic. ECG shows ST-segment elevations in
leads II, III, and aVF. Troponin levels are elevated.
occurs when there is a mismatch between oxygen type 2 MI (myocardial infarction)
supply and demand in the heart leading to
ischemia (lack of oxygen) and heart muscle
damage but without a direct blockage of a
coronary artery
