NU 300 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
identify the reason for the use of accessory muscles for breathing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the pt is
experiencing some form of respiratory distress
what will the nurse seen upon physical assessment if a patient is using accessory muscles to breathe? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅use of neck, chest, abdominal muscles when breathing
many changes occur in the respiratory system as a person ages. what impact do these changes have on
the function of the respiratory system of an older adult? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅alveolar surface area
decreases, ability to cough decreases, elasticity decreases, muscle atrophy
what are key interventions to promote health in the older population related to the respiratory system?
- CORRECT ANSWER✅✅encourage pulmonary hygiene, encourage upright position, encourage frequent
oral hygiene
what drugs are contraindicated due to CV and mental health risks? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅bupropion
and chantix (mania, hallucination), nicotine patches (stroke, MI)
identify strategies to help a person stop smoking - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅write pros and cons, set a
stop date and stick to in, seek support, remove stimulus and replace, find hand busying activities, keep
low cal snacks, positive comments, 8 glasses of water per day
high flow nasal cannula - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅30-60 L/min, heat and humidity provide higher
concentration, less tissue trauma and improve end expiratory volume
venturi mask - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅most accurate, humidification not needed, best for patients with
chronic lung diseases
low flow nasal cannula - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1-6 L/min, apply water soluble jelly to nares PRN
simple face mask - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅5-8 L/min, skin care to area covered by mask
, partial rebreather mask - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅6-11 L/min, keep reservoir bag inflated
what complications should the nurse monitor for following placement of a trach? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅tube obstruction, dislodgement/decannulation, pneumothorax, subq emphysema,
bleeding, infection
tracheomalacia s/s - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅increased amt of air required in cuff to maintain seal, larger
tube is required to prevent air leak, food particles seen in tracheal secretions, pt does not receive set
tidal volume on ventilator
tracheomalacia management - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅nothing unless bleeding occurs
tracheomalacia prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅use an uncuffed tube as soon as possible, monitor
cuff pressure and air volumes closely and detect changes
tracheal stenosis s/s - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅increased coughing, inability to expectorate secretions,
dyspnea, difficulty talking
tracheal stenosis management - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅tracheal dilation, surgical intervention
tracheal stenosis prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅prevent pulling of and traction on the tube,
properly secure the tube, maintain proper cuff pressure, minimize oronasal intubation time
tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) s/s - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅food particles in tracheal secretions,
increased air in cuff needed to achieve seal, increased coughing and choking while eating, does not
receive set tidal volume on ventilator
TEF management - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅manually administer oxygen, small/soft feeding tube instead
of NG tube, gastrostomy/jejunostomy
TEF prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅maintain cuff pressure, monitor amt of air needed for
inflation/changes, progress to deflated cuff/cuffless tube asap
identify the reason for the use of accessory muscles for breathing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the pt is
experiencing some form of respiratory distress
what will the nurse seen upon physical assessment if a patient is using accessory muscles to breathe? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅use of neck, chest, abdominal muscles when breathing
many changes occur in the respiratory system as a person ages. what impact do these changes have on
the function of the respiratory system of an older adult? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅alveolar surface area
decreases, ability to cough decreases, elasticity decreases, muscle atrophy
what are key interventions to promote health in the older population related to the respiratory system?
- CORRECT ANSWER✅✅encourage pulmonary hygiene, encourage upright position, encourage frequent
oral hygiene
what drugs are contraindicated due to CV and mental health risks? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅bupropion
and chantix (mania, hallucination), nicotine patches (stroke, MI)
identify strategies to help a person stop smoking - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅write pros and cons, set a
stop date and stick to in, seek support, remove stimulus and replace, find hand busying activities, keep
low cal snacks, positive comments, 8 glasses of water per day
high flow nasal cannula - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅30-60 L/min, heat and humidity provide higher
concentration, less tissue trauma and improve end expiratory volume
venturi mask - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅most accurate, humidification not needed, best for patients with
chronic lung diseases
low flow nasal cannula - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1-6 L/min, apply water soluble jelly to nares PRN
simple face mask - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅5-8 L/min, skin care to area covered by mask
, partial rebreather mask - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅6-11 L/min, keep reservoir bag inflated
what complications should the nurse monitor for following placement of a trach? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅tube obstruction, dislodgement/decannulation, pneumothorax, subq emphysema,
bleeding, infection
tracheomalacia s/s - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅increased amt of air required in cuff to maintain seal, larger
tube is required to prevent air leak, food particles seen in tracheal secretions, pt does not receive set
tidal volume on ventilator
tracheomalacia management - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅nothing unless bleeding occurs
tracheomalacia prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅use an uncuffed tube as soon as possible, monitor
cuff pressure and air volumes closely and detect changes
tracheal stenosis s/s - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅increased coughing, inability to expectorate secretions,
dyspnea, difficulty talking
tracheal stenosis management - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅tracheal dilation, surgical intervention
tracheal stenosis prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅prevent pulling of and traction on the tube,
properly secure the tube, maintain proper cuff pressure, minimize oronasal intubation time
tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) s/s - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅food particles in tracheal secretions,
increased air in cuff needed to achieve seal, increased coughing and choking while eating, does not
receive set tidal volume on ventilator
TEF management - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅manually administer oxygen, small/soft feeding tube instead
of NG tube, gastrostomy/jejunostomy
TEF prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅maintain cuff pressure, monitor amt of air needed for
inflation/changes, progress to deflated cuff/cuffless tube asap
