ANP-650 MIDTERM EXAM
1.Blood work of a female client shows an increase in the production
of estradiol. The nurse realizes that this hormone is controlled by:
1. positive feedback.
2. negative feedback.
3. nervous feedback.
4. reverse feedback. - ANSWERS-ANS: 1
Even though most of the hormones in the endocrine system are under
a negative feedback mechanism, estradiol is not one of those
hormones. Estradiol is controlled by a positive feedback
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mechanism in that when it increases, there will be in an increase in
the production of folliclestimulating hormone by the anterior pituitary.
2.The nurse, instructing a client regarding hormones, would include
which of the following in these instructions?
1. Hormones are nonspecific.
2. Hormone release triggers a rapid response.
3. Hormones do not influence other hormones.
4. The nervous system and hormones work together to maintain
homeostasis. - ANSWERS-ANS: 4
A close relationship between the endocrine and nervous systems is
required to allow them to control homeostasis. The short-term rapid
responses by the nervous system are balanced by the long-term
responses from the endocrine system. Hormones are specific and can
,influence other hormones. This is what the nurse should instruct the
client. The other choices are incorrect and should not be included in
instructions to the client.
3.A client is experiencing a disorder to the anterior pituitary gland.
The nurse realizes that all of the following hormones will be affected
by this disorder EXCEPT:
1. adrenocorticotropic hormone.
2. antidiuretic hormone.
3. melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
4. luteinizing hormone. - ANSWERS-ANS: 2
Antidiuretic hormone is stored by the posterior pituitary. The other
choices are under the regulation of the anterior pituitary gland and
would be affected by a disorder in this area.
4.A client has a central nervous system disorder. The nurse realizes
that the client may be experiencing alterations in hormones regulated
by which of the following organs?
1. Hypothalamus
2. Pineal gland
3. Pituitary gland
4. Thyroid - ANSWERS-ANS: 1
The hypothalamus is considered the major regulating organ of the
body because it is the connection between the nervous system and the
endocrine system. The other organs take direction from the
hypothalamus through the central nervous system.
,5.A client is diagnosed with a low serum calcium level. The nurse
realizes that which hormone is released when serum calcium levels
are low?
1. Calcitonin
2. Cortisol
3. Parathyroid hormone
4. Thyroxine - ANSWERS-ANS: 3
Parathyroid hormone is secreted when serum calcium levels are low.
Calcitonin is released when serum calcium levels are high. Cortisol
and thyroxine are not related to calcium.
6.A client is diagnosed with an increased level of glucagon. The nurse
realizes that the production of glucagon occurs in which of the
following cells within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans?
1. Alpha
2. Beta
3. Delta
4. F cells - ANSWERS-ANS: 1
Alpha cells produce and secrete glucagon. Beta cells produce and
secrete insulin. Delta and F cells are responsible for somatostatin and
pancreatic polypeptide, respectively.
7.A client is diagnosed with a low level of triiodothyronine. The nurse
realizes that this hormone affects which of the following body
functions?
1. Blood glucose regulation
, 2. Bone growth
3. Calcium regulation
4. Metabolism - ANSWERS-ANS: 4
Triiodothyronine (T3) affects the metabolic rate. Bone growth is
affected by growth hormone. Calcium regulation is controlled by
calcitonin and parathyroid hormone. Blood glucose regulation is
controlled by insulin and glucagon.
1.A client is diagnosed with strabismus. Which of the following will
the client most likely experience with this disorder?
1. Nystagmus
2. Diplopia
3. Aphakic vision
4. Ptosis - ANSWERS-ANS: 2
Diplopia, or double vision, is the primary symptom of strabismus.
Nystagmus is a disorder that causes involuntarily rhythmic
movements in the eye. Aphakic vision occurs when the lens of the eye
is removed. Ptosis is drooping of the eyelid.
2.A client is experiencing a gradual blurring of vision in both eyes not
associated with any pain. The nurse suspects the client is
experiencing:
1. glaucoma.
2. cataracts.
3. macular degeneration.
4. retinal detachment. - ANSWERS-ANS: 2
1.Blood work of a female client shows an increase in the production
of estradiol. The nurse realizes that this hormone is controlled by:
1. positive feedback.
2. negative feedback.
3. nervous feedback.
4. reverse feedback. - ANSWERS-ANS: 1
Even though most of the hormones in the endocrine system are under
a negative feedback mechanism, estradiol is not one of those
hormones. Estradiol is controlled by a positive feedback
WWW.TESTBANKTANK.COM
mechanism in that when it increases, there will be in an increase in
the production of folliclestimulating hormone by the anterior pituitary.
2.The nurse, instructing a client regarding hormones, would include
which of the following in these instructions?
1. Hormones are nonspecific.
2. Hormone release triggers a rapid response.
3. Hormones do not influence other hormones.
4. The nervous system and hormones work together to maintain
homeostasis. - ANSWERS-ANS: 4
A close relationship between the endocrine and nervous systems is
required to allow them to control homeostasis. The short-term rapid
responses by the nervous system are balanced by the long-term
responses from the endocrine system. Hormones are specific and can
,influence other hormones. This is what the nurse should instruct the
client. The other choices are incorrect and should not be included in
instructions to the client.
3.A client is experiencing a disorder to the anterior pituitary gland.
The nurse realizes that all of the following hormones will be affected
by this disorder EXCEPT:
1. adrenocorticotropic hormone.
2. antidiuretic hormone.
3. melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
4. luteinizing hormone. - ANSWERS-ANS: 2
Antidiuretic hormone is stored by the posterior pituitary. The other
choices are under the regulation of the anterior pituitary gland and
would be affected by a disorder in this area.
4.A client has a central nervous system disorder. The nurse realizes
that the client may be experiencing alterations in hormones regulated
by which of the following organs?
1. Hypothalamus
2. Pineal gland
3. Pituitary gland
4. Thyroid - ANSWERS-ANS: 1
The hypothalamus is considered the major regulating organ of the
body because it is the connection between the nervous system and the
endocrine system. The other organs take direction from the
hypothalamus through the central nervous system.
,5.A client is diagnosed with a low serum calcium level. The nurse
realizes that which hormone is released when serum calcium levels
are low?
1. Calcitonin
2. Cortisol
3. Parathyroid hormone
4. Thyroxine - ANSWERS-ANS: 3
Parathyroid hormone is secreted when serum calcium levels are low.
Calcitonin is released when serum calcium levels are high. Cortisol
and thyroxine are not related to calcium.
6.A client is diagnosed with an increased level of glucagon. The nurse
realizes that the production of glucagon occurs in which of the
following cells within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans?
1. Alpha
2. Beta
3. Delta
4. F cells - ANSWERS-ANS: 1
Alpha cells produce and secrete glucagon. Beta cells produce and
secrete insulin. Delta and F cells are responsible for somatostatin and
pancreatic polypeptide, respectively.
7.A client is diagnosed with a low level of triiodothyronine. The nurse
realizes that this hormone affects which of the following body
functions?
1. Blood glucose regulation
, 2. Bone growth
3. Calcium regulation
4. Metabolism - ANSWERS-ANS: 4
Triiodothyronine (T3) affects the metabolic rate. Bone growth is
affected by growth hormone. Calcium regulation is controlled by
calcitonin and parathyroid hormone. Blood glucose regulation is
controlled by insulin and glucagon.
1.A client is diagnosed with strabismus. Which of the following will
the client most likely experience with this disorder?
1. Nystagmus
2. Diplopia
3. Aphakic vision
4. Ptosis - ANSWERS-ANS: 2
Diplopia, or double vision, is the primary symptom of strabismus.
Nystagmus is a disorder that causes involuntarily rhythmic
movements in the eye. Aphakic vision occurs when the lens of the eye
is removed. Ptosis is drooping of the eyelid.
2.A client is experiencing a gradual blurring of vision in both eyes not
associated with any pain. The nurse suspects the client is
experiencing:
1. glaucoma.
2. cataracts.
3. macular degeneration.
4. retinal detachment. - ANSWERS-ANS: 2
