NCCAOM BIOMED EXAM
What are skip lesions?
Wounds or inflammation that is clearly patchy.
Which disease is commonly associated with skip lesions?
Crohn's disease.
Where would you see pain refer in pancreatitis?
Back
What would you find in blood tests for pancreatitis?
Raised creatinine
What causes elevated creatinine levels in pancreatitis due to
dehydration?
Vomiting and diarrhea leading to dehydration
What is a complication of severe pancreatitis that affects
creatinine levels?
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
How does hypovolemia relate to elevated creatinine levels in
pancreatitis?
Decreased blood flow to the kidneys due to low blood volume
What can cause obstruction of kidney function in severe
pancreatitis?
Inflammation and swelling pressing on ureters
How does systemic inflammation from pancreatitis affect kidney
function?
,It disrupts normal kidney function, contributing to elevated creatinine
levels.
Albuterol (Salbutamol)
A short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) considered the first-line treatment
for acute asthma symptoms, including shortness of breath and
wheezing.
How does Albuterol work?
It works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways, providing
quick relief during an asthma attack.
What is Albuterol often referred to as?
A 'rescue inhaler' for immediate symptom management.
Montelukast
A leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term control and
prevention of asthma symptoms, particularly in cases triggered by
allergens or exercise.
Is Montelukast a first-line treatment for acute asthma symptoms?
No, it is not a first-line treatment but rather for maintenance therapy.
Budesonide (Pulmicort Flexhaler)
An inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) used for long-term control of asthma
by reducing inflammation in the airways.
Is Budesonide suitable for immediate relief of acute symptoms?
No, it is not suitable for immediate relief and is a maintenance
therapy.
Cinqair (Reslizumab)
A monoclonal antibody used as an add-on maintenance therapy for
severe asthma with an eosinophilic phenotype.
,Is Reslizumab used for immediate symptom relief?
No, it is not used for immediate symptom relief and is reserved for
severe, uncontrolled asthma.
What type of asthma is Reslizumab typically used for?
Severe asthma with an eosinophilic phenotype.
What is the role of Budesonide in asthma treatment?
It is used for long-term control by reducing inflammation in the
airways.
What is the primary use of Montelukast?
For long-term control and prevention of asthma symptoms.
What side effects might indicate NSAID use?
Shortness of breath, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, skin rash,
dizziness, heartburn, and gastrointestinal bleeding.
What are firm, non-tender nodules attached to the underlying
periosteum and slightly distal to the olecranon bursa likely to be?
Rheumatoid nodules
What condition is characterized by nodules that are not attached
to overlying skin?
Rheumatoid nodules
What is the most likely diagnosis for nodules that are firm, non-
tender, and attached to the periosteum?
Rheumatoid nodules
What can cause Portal Systemic Encephalopathy?
Excessive intake of protein.
What is the correct way to check standing blood pressure?
, Have the patient lie in supine position for up to 3 minutes, stand up,
and check the blood pressure within the first minute and after 3
minutes.
What is chronic sinusitis?
A long-term inflammation of the sinuses.
What is viral pneumonia?
A type of pneumonia caused by a virus.
What is bacterial pneumonia?
A type of pneumonia caused by bacteria.
What is the common cold?
A viral infection of the upper respiratory tract.
Levofloxacin
An antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including
pneumonia.
Bacterial pneumonia
An infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, characterized by
symptoms such as cough, fever, and difficulty breathing.
What is the most common symptom of left-sided congestive heart
failure in an elderly woman?
Shortness of breath on exertion
ADH Test
A diagnostic test used to measure the levels of antidiuretic hormone in
the blood, which can help assess diabetes insipidus or other conditions
affecting fluid balance.
Diabetes Insipidus
What are skip lesions?
Wounds or inflammation that is clearly patchy.
Which disease is commonly associated with skip lesions?
Crohn's disease.
Where would you see pain refer in pancreatitis?
Back
What would you find in blood tests for pancreatitis?
Raised creatinine
What causes elevated creatinine levels in pancreatitis due to
dehydration?
Vomiting and diarrhea leading to dehydration
What is a complication of severe pancreatitis that affects
creatinine levels?
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
How does hypovolemia relate to elevated creatinine levels in
pancreatitis?
Decreased blood flow to the kidneys due to low blood volume
What can cause obstruction of kidney function in severe
pancreatitis?
Inflammation and swelling pressing on ureters
How does systemic inflammation from pancreatitis affect kidney
function?
,It disrupts normal kidney function, contributing to elevated creatinine
levels.
Albuterol (Salbutamol)
A short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) considered the first-line treatment
for acute asthma symptoms, including shortness of breath and
wheezing.
How does Albuterol work?
It works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways, providing
quick relief during an asthma attack.
What is Albuterol often referred to as?
A 'rescue inhaler' for immediate symptom management.
Montelukast
A leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term control and
prevention of asthma symptoms, particularly in cases triggered by
allergens or exercise.
Is Montelukast a first-line treatment for acute asthma symptoms?
No, it is not a first-line treatment but rather for maintenance therapy.
Budesonide (Pulmicort Flexhaler)
An inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) used for long-term control of asthma
by reducing inflammation in the airways.
Is Budesonide suitable for immediate relief of acute symptoms?
No, it is not suitable for immediate relief and is a maintenance
therapy.
Cinqair (Reslizumab)
A monoclonal antibody used as an add-on maintenance therapy for
severe asthma with an eosinophilic phenotype.
,Is Reslizumab used for immediate symptom relief?
No, it is not used for immediate symptom relief and is reserved for
severe, uncontrolled asthma.
What type of asthma is Reslizumab typically used for?
Severe asthma with an eosinophilic phenotype.
What is the role of Budesonide in asthma treatment?
It is used for long-term control by reducing inflammation in the
airways.
What is the primary use of Montelukast?
For long-term control and prevention of asthma symptoms.
What side effects might indicate NSAID use?
Shortness of breath, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, skin rash,
dizziness, heartburn, and gastrointestinal bleeding.
What are firm, non-tender nodules attached to the underlying
periosteum and slightly distal to the olecranon bursa likely to be?
Rheumatoid nodules
What condition is characterized by nodules that are not attached
to overlying skin?
Rheumatoid nodules
What is the most likely diagnosis for nodules that are firm, non-
tender, and attached to the periosteum?
Rheumatoid nodules
What can cause Portal Systemic Encephalopathy?
Excessive intake of protein.
What is the correct way to check standing blood pressure?
, Have the patient lie in supine position for up to 3 minutes, stand up,
and check the blood pressure within the first minute and after 3
minutes.
What is chronic sinusitis?
A long-term inflammation of the sinuses.
What is viral pneumonia?
A type of pneumonia caused by a virus.
What is bacterial pneumonia?
A type of pneumonia caused by bacteria.
What is the common cold?
A viral infection of the upper respiratory tract.
Levofloxacin
An antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including
pneumonia.
Bacterial pneumonia
An infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, characterized by
symptoms such as cough, fever, and difficulty breathing.
What is the most common symptom of left-sided congestive heart
failure in an elderly woman?
Shortness of breath on exertion
ADH Test
A diagnostic test used to measure the levels of antidiuretic hormone in
the blood, which can help assess diabetes insipidus or other conditions
affecting fluid balance.
Diabetes Insipidus
