Bio 172 UH Manoa | Actual Final Exam Questions and Verified Answers | Latest Updated 2026/2027 | Graded A+ | Guaranteed Success.

Bio 172 UH Manoa | Actual Final Exam Questions and Verified Answers | Latest Updated 2026/2027 | Graded A+ | Guaranteed Success. 1. What traits are present in the early stages of development that would not allow you to determine if the animal is a protostome or deuterostome? A) Radial Cleavage B) presence of endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm c) Coelom formed by splitting the mesodermal mass D) Anus forms from blastopore E) The developmental fate of each embryonic cell is fully determined: B) pres- ence of endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm 3. Coelom: Internal body cavity derived from the mesoderm 4. Blastopore: The opening that develops into the mouth in protostomes and the anus in deuterostomes Bio 172 UH Manoa 2 / 53 5. Rotational symmetry: Division of the body into two halves divides it into two copies of the same half with one rotated 180 degrees. Ex. Ctenophora 6. Asymmetry: No symmetry in any split Ex. Porifera 7. Which is not a monophyletic group? A) Opisthokonta B) Bilateria C) Cnidaria D) Ctenophora E) Porifera: A) Opisthokonta F) Radial Symmetry: Can be split on multiple planes and be symmetrical (Circle) Ex. Adult Cnidaria G) Bilateral symmetry: Will only be symmetrical if split on one line, all others will not be symmetrical (humans) Ex. Nematoda 10. Which is true about animal evolutionary history? Bio 172 UH Manoa D) 3 / 53 A) the Cambrian explosion led to the appearance of the Ediacaran biota B) the Cambrian explosion occurred around 100 MYA C) several extant phyla first appear in the fossil record from the Cambrian period many fossils dating from the Cambrian explosion represent species that survive today E) the Cambrian explosion was caused by a rapid increase in Earth's atmos- pheric nitrogen: C) Several extant phyla first appear in the fossil record from the Cambrian Period 14. Hox Genes: Responsible for the general body pattern of most animals 15. Gastrulation: results in the formation of the primitive gut (archenteron) or diges- tive cavity and the formation of the embryonic layers. 16. Organogenesis: formation of organs 17. Which of the following is true of the animal phylogenetic tree? A) fossils provide the best source of information for determining the animal phylogenetic tree B) major accepted clades of the animal phylogeny have remained constant over the past 50 years C) Future DNA evidence is likely to demonstrate that the Bilateria is the most primitive animal clade D) Eumetazoans include more species than Metazoans E) As more DNA is sequenced and analyzed from more animals, future changes to major surviving clades of the animal phylogenetic tree become less likely.: E) As more DNA is sequenced and Bio 172 UH Manoa 4 / 53 analyzed from more animals, future changes to major surviving clades of the animal phylogenetic tree become less likely 18. Which of the following is not true of the coelom? A) it may be present in triploblastic organisms B) it is a cavity the houses internal organs C) it is derived from mesoderm it is present in all animals D) it usually contain fluids: D) it is present in all animals 11. Ediacaran Period: before Cambrian period, about 635-543 MYA 12. Cambrian Explosion/Period: the most rapid evolution of new animal phyla and animal diversity in Earth's history about 542-488 MYA 13. Which of the following is not typical of most animals? A) Specialized tissues B) a stage of development called gastrulation C) possession of hox genes D) alternation of generations between diploid and haploid lifestages Bio 172 UH Manoa D) 5 / 53 E) food obtained via heterotrophy: D) Alternation of generations between diploid and haploid lifestages 19. Triploblastic: Having 3 embryonic layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ecto- derm) 20. Diploblastic: Having 2 embryonic layers (endoderm and ectoderm). 21. Which of the following does not play a major role in Earth's post-Cambrian animal evolution? A) evolution among plants B) meteor strikes C) Change in distance between the Earth and the sun D) shift in Earth's geography E) cataclysmic volcanic eruptions: C) change in distance between the Earth and the sun 22. planula larvae: larvae of various cnidarians