Exam 1: NUR208 / NUR 208 Mental Health Nursing | Latest 2026–2027 Update | Questions & Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct (Verified Solutions) – Fortis

Exam 1: NUR208 / NUR 208 Mental Health Nursing | Latest 2026–2027 Update | Questions & Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct (Verified Solutions) – Fortis 2026 / 2027 Academic Year Q: The purpose of healthy people 2030 is to: a. examine funding issue for health care b. examine world health needs c. evaluate accomplishments for years d. focus primarily on infant health and mortality C rationale: Healthy People 2020 is an evidence-based 10-year report card describing health care accomplishments in the United States between the years of 2000 and 2010. Q: A health-care worker planning a research project related to teenage pregnancy in his community would include in the initial assessment the health status of the target population. Health status could be best evaluated by the examination of the: a. birth rate, disease morbidity, and life expectancy. b. birth rate, access to health care, and death rate. c. disease severity, life expectancy, and health insurance coverage. d. health insurance use, death rate, and access to health care. b rationale: Birth rate statistics identify age of mother; death rates include infant mortality and age of mother; access to health care may affect a teenager's ability to obtain adequate prenatal care. Q: The health-care worker teaches a group of new parents about the "back to sleep" program, which is directed toward the reduction of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) by: a. placing the baby on its back in the crib b. tucking infant snuggly in the crib with a light blanket c. gently rocking the baby before returning it to bed d. positioning the baby on a small flat pillow a rationale: The back to sleep program helps reduce the incidence of SIDS by placing the infant on its back rather than on its stomach. Q: Healthy People 2020 endorses the completion of a high school education primarily to enable a person to: a. secure a better job b. increase the quality of life c. make healthy lifestyle choices d. maintain the family unit c rationale: One of the goals of Healthy People 2020 is to increase the number of persons graduating from high school so that they have a better education basis on which to make healthy lifestyle choices. Q: Healthy People 2030 is published by the a. department of the interior b. world health organization c. centers for disease control and prevention d. department of health and human services D rationale: Healthy People 2020 is published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Q: Infant mortality rates are based on infant deaths that occur: a. form infection and congenital disorders, per 1000 live births b. before 1 year of age, per 1000 live births c. at birth, per 1000 deliveries d. from unexplained causes, per 1000 live births b rationale: Infant mortality is reported on deaths occurring before the age of 1 year per 1000 live births. Q: although the life expectancy has increased, Healthy People 2020 will focus on the older adults need for: a. increased compliance to medical protocols b. maintenance of independent lifestyles c. improved extended care facilities d. better pharmacy insurance coverage b rationale: The maintenance of independent lifestyles is an ongoing problem for the older adult. Q: information about the morbidity and mortality gives the health care worker data to identify: a. lifespan statistics b. high risk age groups for certain diseases or hazards c. effectiveness of treatment d. cost-effective treatment for the general population b rationale: Evaluating specific details of the determinants of health help health-care workers develop an understanding of the health status of the population. Morbidity and mortality statistics can identify risks for disease or health hazard by age group. Q: a major cause of death for children under the age of 1 year is: a. injuries b. congenital abnormalities c. infection d. cancer b rationale: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has identified congenital abnormalities as a leading cause of death for children under the age of 1 year. Q: the health care worker advises a young woman who is 7 weeks pregnant to include folic acid supplements in her diet in order to: a. strengthen muscles in preparation for effective labor b. help control excessive weight gain during pregnancy c. reduce incidence of congenital malformations d. enhance the probability of carrying the pregnancy to full term c rationale: One of the goals of Healthy People 2020 is to promote use of folic acid supplements early in pregnancy. Ideally, folic acid supplements, or adequate dietary folic acid, should be recommended early in the pregnancy to help prevent congenital malformations, especially spina bifida. Q: guidelines for "baby-friendly" hospitals include: a. information about immunizations b. active support of parent baby bonding c. control of peri-delivery infection d. encouragement to breastfeed for the first year of life d rationale: Baby-friendly hospitals encourage breastfeeding during the first year of life. Q: the statistic widely used to compare the health status of different populations is: a. incidence of specific infection such as AIDS or smallpox b. maternal mortality rate c. health insurance coverage d. infant mortality rate d rationale: Infant mortality rates are used worldwide as an indicator of the health of a nation Q: A healthcare worker who is planning a health education program for geriatric adults based on the goals of Healthy People 2020 would include: a. smoking cessation b. drug and alcohol abuse c. education about medications. prevention d rationale: Reducing falls will reduce the incidence of hip fracture, which continues to be a problem, especially among elderly females. Q: The role of the professional nurse has evolved to include: a. providing direct care to patients at the bedside. b. managing care to cure health problems once they have occurred c. planning patient care to cover longer hospital stays. d. forming legislation for policies and practices related to health care. d rationale: Nurses are no longer simply providing bedside care. Their role now includes policymaking, global health education planning, working as change agents for traditional health-care systems, and so on. Q: Adults over the age of 65 can significantly reduce their health risk by: a. using herbal remedies b. engaging in mild exercise regimen c. getting annual vaccines for influenza and pneumonia d. eating three large, well balanced meals a day c rationale: Annual immunizations against pneumonia and influenza significantly reduce morbidity from these diseases. Q: Changes in health-care delivery systems have been influenced primarily by: a. institution of various systems to provide cost-effective health care. b. governmental regulation of the cost of all health-care services. c. the need to meet the healthcare needs of an aging population. d. development of medical technology that has reduced the incidence of illness. a rationale: Increasing health-care costs have led to initiation of health-care delivery systems to contain cost while providing care. Cost control addressing national health goals, entitlements, use of available sources, and identification of changing health-care needs is the basic goal of these systems. Q: The purpose of the state/national government program of Medicaid is to provide: a. immunizations for preschool children b. community clinics for women and children c. prescription drugs at a lower cost d. medical care on the basis of need or poverty d rationale: Medicaid is similar to a welfare program in which benefits are provided on the basis of need or poverty. Q: A student is preparing a report on the history of the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program would acquire the most useful information from: a. health, united states b. the department of health and human services c. the federal register d. the centers for disease control and prevention C Q: the human genome project has the potential to reduce health care costs by assisting health care providers to: a. detect illnesses before they become chronic. b. prevent chromosomal related illnesses. c. identify the most effective drugs for specific diseases. d. design low cost complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) remedies. a rationale: The Human Genome Project gives health-care providers the potential to detect illnesses before they become chronic. Q: The Tax Equity Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 (TEFRA) established the development of: a. diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). b. Medicaid access for the poor. c. aid to families with dependent children. d. maternal and child health services block grants. a rationale: TEFRA amended the Social Security Act to establish the development of DRGs in 1982. Q: the scope of practice for nursing is stipulated by the: a. american nurses association b. nursing licensure pact c. board of nurse examiners d. nurse practice act d Q: The roles of the nurse have changed as a result of the national healthcare focus on: a. illness prevention and health maintenance. b. increased accountability to professional codes and international standards of care. c. treatment of disease or disability. d. planning for nationalized health care. a rationale: Prevention and early intervention appear to be critical to reducing health-care costs and are at the heart of the objectives of Healthy People 2020. Q: An informed consent form requires that: a. the patient is informed of all adverse problems of a procedure. b. the nurse questions the patient to confirm that all aspects of treatment are understood. c. the nurse signs as a witness that the patient received the necessary information. d. the nurse documents that the consent has been signed. c rationale: The nurse is required to sign the informed consent form as witness that the patient received pertinent information. Extra documentation is not required. Q: A diagnosis-related group (DRG) is: a. a standard used by health-care facilities to determine charges for health-care services. b. a medical condition classification system that determines what Medicare will pay for health-care services. c. the method that health-care agencies use to decide what health-care services are needed for patients. d. a system used by all insurance companies to determine what health-care services will be covered. b rationale: DRGs are a government-mandated program that radically changed the face of health care by establishing strict rules for reimbursement. Prospective payment systems for health-care services: a. reimburse only preapproved treatments only health-care providers under contract with the system to provide the lowest priced services. c. require that health care be provided by preapproved health professionals. d. provide payment based on flat predetermined rates regardless of the actual cost. d rationale: Prospective payment systems are part of the efforts of managed care organizations to standardize and control costs of health care. To conform to the national trend in health care, healthcare agencies of the future may need to depend on: a. accountants to implement cost-saving measures. b. legislators to set limits on health-care funding. c. nurses to plan and implement self-care education programs. d. insurance companies to provide more coverage for high-technology procedures. c rationale: The focus of health care has changed from treatment to prevention. Health-care agencies may depend on self-care education to promote health and prevent disease as an effective cost-containment strategy. Nurses are ideally suited through education and experience to develop and implement these programs. Standards of practice are the foundations for: mer protection laws. ance reimbursement. c. plans of care. d. licensure. c rationale:Standards of practice, which have evolved over the years, have been used as the foundation of laws relative to consumer protection. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) provides for: a. payment for home health care. b. medical care for single mothers and their children c. confidentiality of medical information. h insurance for emergency treatment. c rationale: HIPAA provides for portability of health insurance, confidentiality of medical information, and coverage for preexisting conditions The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 caused controversy because it mandated: a. limited treatment for specified illnesses. b. all recipients must have a picture identification card. c. strict confidentiality of all medical records and medical communications. d. health-care coverage for 32 million uninsured persons. d rationale: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 mandated care to 32 million uninsured persons, which would be financed from Medicare payroll taxes. The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 provided money for the development of: (Select all that apply.) a. treatment centers for drug dependency. b. skilled nursing facilities. c. nursing schools. d. home health agencies. e. day care centers. b,d The Patient Bill of Rights ensures that all patients may: (Select all that apply.) a. expect confidentiality. b. utilize channels for complaint. c. take part in treatment decisions. d. select their health-care provider. e. be assured of having a private room. a,b,c,d Political action committees (PACs) can influence legislation by: (Select all that apply.) a. providing lobbying b. selecting candidates to run for office. c. creating an awareness of the need for new legislation. d. introducing legislation themselves. e. contributing money to legislators. a,c,e Excess death can be defined by: a. The weekly count of deaths occurring in one city compared to the adjacent cities b. The difference between the predicted number of deaths that occur during specific time periods and actual number of deaths c. The weekly count of deaths occurring in one city compared with historical trends d. None of the above b The Whitehall studies found a relationship between employment and illness, specifically that: a. The lower the employment grade, the higher the risk of illness b. The higher the employment grade, the higher the risk of illness c. The lower the employment grade, the lower the risk of illness d. None of the above a Compared to college graduates, high school graduates live: a. 1 ½ years longer on average b. 2 ½ years longer on average c. 1 ½ years shorter on average d. 2 ½ years shorter on average d What is the most important social determinant of health in terms of risk factors? a. marital status b. neighborhood c. social class d. health care c What is one primary hormone released during the body's stress response? a. cortisol b. insulin c. testosterone d. dopamine a What important finding came out of the Macaque monkey study? a. The dominant monkey had developed a larger atherosclerotic plaque than the subordinate monkey b. The subordinate monkey had developed a smaller atherosclerotic plaque than the dominant monkey c. The dominant monkey and the subordinate monkey developed the same size atherosclerotic plaque d. The subordinate monkey had developed a larger atherosclerotic plaque than the dominant monkey d Most of the poor in the United States are: a. black b. white c. hispanic d. native american b What percentage of children living in the United States live in poverty? a. 15 percent b. 20 percent c. 21 percent d. 25 percent c In the cold virus study, they found that: a. The more years a person's parents owned a home, the less likely it would be that the person would get a cold when exposed to a cold virus b. The more years a person's parents owned a home, the more likely it would be that the person would get a cold when exposed to a cold virus c. The rate a person would get a cold when exposed to a cold virus was affected most by the type of neighborhood the person's parents owned a home d. A & C only a How much does chronic illness cost business productivity per year? a. over one trillion dollars b. over one billion dollars c. over one million dollars d. none of the above a Cultural competence in health care is demonstrated by: a. sensitivity to cultural differences. b. being able to differentiate between cultures. c. discussing cultural differences. d. adapting care to meet cultural needs. d rationale: Cultural competence is the ability to adapt care so that it does not violate the culture of the patient. Being aware and sensitive to cultural differences is not the same thing as incorporating those skills into care. The home healthcare worker is aware that the development of initiative may be delayed in a German family that practices a(n) __________ parenting style. a. aissez-faire b. permissive c. authoritarian d. democratic c rationale: The authoritarian parenting style stresses obedience and conformity and may delay the development of initiative in the school-age child. When caring for an 8-hour postpartum Chinese patient who adheres to the cultural philosophy that pregnancy is a "cold" condition, the health-care worker will remember to: a. turn up the thermostat. b. thoroughly chill all food and drink. c. restrict all spicy foods from the diet. d. offer no fluids at all. a rationale: The Chinese belief in "hot" and "cold" physical conditions requires that the treatment modes offer the opposite in terms of intake. The "cold" pregnancy and postpartum period will require a warmer room and warm food and drink. The culturally competent healthcare worker helping a Hmong family dress the recently deceased family member will be careful to: a. avoid looking at the deceased. b. keep the deceased covered. c. prevent metal from touching the deceased. d. arrange bowls of food near the body. c The Hmong culture dresses the deceased but does not allow metal to touch the body. The health-care worker caring for a 3-month-old Korean child hospitalized for dehydration would ask the parents' permission prior to: a. exposing the child's genitals. b. assessing the fontanel. c. hanging an IV medication. d. offering the child a milk-based formula b Asians believe the head is sacred and should not be touched or patted unless required by medical protocol. In planning the information sent to the diet kitchen for a Hindu patient, the health-care worker would make a note to prohibit: a. cheese in any form. b. all meat dishes. c. tea or coffee. d. the serving of milk and fruit together. b Hindus avoid all meat in their diet. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) promotes: a. a culturally diverse health staff. b. consistency in folk cures and alternative medical remedies. c. increased availability of interpreters in general hospitals. d. culturally competent health care. d The health-care worker assesses a new patient for the use of alternative therapies. Such remedies have become widely used because these protocols: a. are recognized as being superior to traditional remedies. b. require a large number of unusual prescription drugs. c. must all be terminated when traditional medicine is used. d. have become very popular as they focus on health promotion. d The young, female healthcare worker who is giving admission information to an elderly Muslim man feels he is ignoring her because he: a. does not value women. b. looks at the floor rather than at her. c. resist instruction from a younger person. d. prefers to be instructed by a man. b The culturally competent health-care worker will inquire if the Native American patient would like to call his own folk healer, which is the: a. shaman b. root doctor. c. spiritualist. d. yerbo a The use of silence in conversation can mean different things depending on the culture. Silence indicates agreement in the ______________ culture. a. Native American b. Chinese c. Japanese d. Russian d Culture affects broad areas of: (Select all that apply.) a. parenting styles. b. food preferences. c. discipline measures. d. socioeconomic status. h treatment. abce Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities include: (Select all that apply.) a. guided imagery b. acupuncture c. physical therapy d. IV therapy e. energy healing abe The family can be defined as: a. the coexistence of two or more humans. b. a basic human social system. c. a hierarchal partnership. d. a group of persons who are related by blood. b The healthcare worker assesses ethnocentrism in a patient when the patient says: a. "There is no culture that can claim superiority to any other." b. "A person's culture is central to his adjustment to reality." c. "All cultures have something to teach us." d. "White Anglo-Saxons will always set the civilization standard." d A Spanish-speaking 6-year-old who has started first grade in an English-speaking school spends most of her time alone and seems helpless and unable to function in this new environment. This situation as an indication of: a. inadequate preparation for attending school. b. school phobia. c. culture shock. d. discrimination. c The family systems theory proposes that: a. family functions are interconnected, so what happens to one family member affects the entire family. b. individual family members are readily identifiable as the source of a problem. c. change in one family member cannot create a change in other family members. d. family is viewed as the sum of its individual members. a an example of a blended family is one made up of: a. a husband, wfie one biological child, and one adopted child b. three unmarried couples and six minor children c. a paternal grandmother, parents, and three minor children d. a mother, her children and the stepfather d When an Asian dinner guest startles his Western host by belching loudly to show appreciation of the meal, this behavior is an example of: a. cultural assimilation. b. cultural sensitivity. c. culture shock. d. cultural relativism. d The health-care worker would advise parents who are in the process of divorce to support their adolescent children by: a. delegating more home responsibility to them. b. discouraging discussion with a neutral party. c. encouraging their pursuit of own interests. d. using adolescent as a confidant. c A mother with a 6-month-old infant says, "I want to go back to work, but I don't want there to be a problem since I'll have less time to spend with the baby." The best response should be: a. You should go back to work so the baby will get used to being with others." b. "Let's talk about child-care options that will be best for the baby." c. "I'm sure the baby will be fine if you get a good babysitter." d. "You should stay home until the baby starts school." b The home health-care worker assesses cultural assimilation when: a. a Native American child living in Florida learns to cook traditional dishes. b. a Muslim man living in Illinois performs ritual prayers daily at his workplace. c. an Asian woman living in Texas wears blue jeans and boots. d. a young Hindu woman living in Arkansas agrees to marry a man chosen by her father. c Because age differences between siblings may affect family dynamics, there is more affection and less rivalry and hostility between siblings whose ages differ by: Question 23 options: a. 5 or more years. b.4 years. c. 3 years. d. 2 or fewer years. a The laissez-faire parenting style: Question 24 options: a. employs only one-way communication with the children. b. establishes rules, regulations, and standards of conduct for children that are to be followed without question. c. allows children to regulate their own activity; sees parenting role as resource rather than role model. d. respects each child's individuality; directs child's behavior by emphasizing the reasons for the rules. c The health-care worker designing culturally competent care will employ interventions that: a. go beyond the awareness of similarities and differences to implementing care that is sensitive. b. recognize awareness of cultural similarities and differences. c. will judge behavior first in relation to the context of the culture in which it occurs. d. teach health beliefs of the dominant culture. a Studies suggest that viewing violent television programs or playing violent video games may cause: a. visual disorders in preschool-age children. b. sleep disorders in school-age children. c. mental fatigue and irritability. d. release of dopamine, which affects attention and learning. d In the launching stage of the growth and development of a family unit, the focus of the family will be on: a. maintaining a stable home base as children mature. b. establishing financial independence. c. negotiating tasks related to childrearing and household maintenance. d. maintaining own and/or couple functioning and interests in the face of physiologic decline. a Parents tell the school nurse that their second-grade child watches television about 4 hours a day. When discussing this issue with the parents, the nurse would best advise the parent that: a. if the programs are educational, the length of time spent watching television is not important. b. if the child is doing well in school, the length of time spent watching television is not important. c. parents need to supervise the amount and type of television programs their children watch. md. ost children watch this much or more television without negative effects. c The culturally competent health-care worker is aware that when caring for members of a culturally diverse population, care must focus on: a. overcoming their own cultural barriers to avoid stereotyping. b. the tendency to develop ethnocentricity. c. confusing the values and beliefs of one culture with another. d. unconsciously imposing one's own culture on others. a A distressed mother of a 2-year-old is at her "wit's end" with the toddler's desire to do activities that may be dangerous. The health-care worker counsels the parent that to assist the child with the development of autonomy, the parent should: a. be vigilant and protective and remind the child to be careful. b. discourage the child's independence at this early age. c. direct the child in quiet pursuits with close supervision. d. allow independent activity in a safe environment. d A child who has a brother or a sister in the family unit will have the support to develop: a. a sense of autonomy. b. a sense of self. c. concepts of social interaction. d. a greater attention span. c Using family development theory of Duvall as a basis, the health-care worker counsels a couple expecting their first baby that in addition to integrating the child into the family unit, the couple should examine: a. reestablishing their relationship with their best friends. b. how they will help each other with household chores. c. finding reliable child care. d. developing hobbies for both the parents. b The Family Apgar scoring system to assess family function was created by: a. Erik Erikson. b. Robert Havighurst. c. Gabriel Smilkstein. d. Betty Neuman. c Altered sleep patterns, disorganized eating patterns, and social isolation in a 13-year-old who is very involved in social networking could be symptoms of: a. regression. b. Facebook depression. c. anorexia nervosa. d. loss of autonomy. b The Children's Television Act of 1991 mandated that television networks: a. avoids any religious references in their programming. b. censor the content of programs being aired during prime time. c. depict multiethnic characters in programs designed for young children. d. provide at least 2 hours of educational programs each afternoon. b Robert Havighurst designed a developmental theory for the learning of developmental tasks for persons of: a. preschool age. b. school age. c. adolescent age. d. late adulthood age. d While talking with the upset and tearful family of a patient newly diagnosed with a chronic illness, the healthcare worker asks, "When something is bothering you, what do you do?" This should be interpreted as: a. part of assessing the family's coping skills. b. inappropriate, because the family is so upset. c. a way to stop the family from crying. d. comparing this crisis to similar situations with which the family has dealt. a After the death of a child, what might the parents exhibit toward the surviving children? a. Increased anxiety b. Insistence on greater self-reliance c. Overprotectiveness d. Indifference c The health-care worker points out to the family of a hospitalized child evidence that the facility supports family-centered health care by such practices as: a. presenting the family with the completed plan of care. b. nursing staff performing all care of the child. c. rigid times for meal service. d. expanded or totally open visiting hours. d Selected video games with a flickering frequency on the screen can trigger: a. retinal damage. b. loss of visual acuity. c. eye strain. d. seizures. d The parents of two children, ages 7 and 2, are concerned about the language development of their 2-year-old. They tell the health-care worker that their older child began talking in two- or three-word phrases by age 2, but their younger child is still using mostly one-word sentences. The best response by the health-care worker is: a. "Your child should be evaluated as soon as possible for a language disorder." b. "First-born children generally have a larger vocabulary and better conversational skills at an earlier age." c. "Your child will not begin to develop better language skills until she enters preschool." d. "Make arrangements for your child to attend a day care center to improve language skills." b The changes that have occurred to the traditional nuclear family over the past 40 years include: (Select all that apply.) a. decreased daily availability of the father. b. dual-career parents. c. larger families with young children. d. expectation that children be more independent. abd In order to make an effective cultural assessment of a family dealing with a child with a terminal illness, the health-care worker must consider: (Select all that apply.) a. socioeconomic status. b. availability of other family members. c. religious practices. d. health beliefs. e. significance of the disease to the family. a,c,d,e the health care worker uses as a basis for his or her interventions with children the developmental theory from theorist ____ which is based on the mastery of development tasks at specific ages. erik erikson families who have poor communication among members, who tend to be isolated from the community, and who have inconsistent rules are labeled as ________ dysfunctional What does the Latino paradox from the 1960s describe? a. Latino immigrants have higher rates of psychiatric illness due to having lower education and income b. Latino immigrants have higher rates of psychiatric illness despite having higher education and income c. Latino immigrants have lower rates of psychiatric illness despite having lower education and income d. Latino immigrants have lower rates of psychiatric illness due to having higher education and income c What might be one possible influential factor driving the Latino Paradox? a. Strong employment networking b. Strong cohesive family ties c. Work ethic d. All of the above b What are some possible effects of social isolation on health? a. Increased risk for developing infections, diabetes, cardiovascular disease b. Increased risk for developing cancer, depression, kidney failure c. Increased for stroke, depression, dermatologic conditions d. Increased risk for developing diabetes, kidney failure, cardiovascular disease a After 5 years in the United States, what were some health effects on some Latino immigrants? a. 1 ½ times less likely to have heart disease b. 1 ½ times less likely to have diabetes c. 1 ½ times more likely to have depression d. 1 ½ times more likely to have obesity and hypertension d By 2050, how many Americans will be Latino/a? a. 1 in 2 b. 1 in 3 c. 1 in 4 d. 1 in 5 c How many minutes does the average American spend commuting to work? a. 30 minutes b. 45 minutes c. 50 minutes d. 60 minutes c How many Americans report taking two or more hours to commute to work per day? a. 8 million b. 10 million c. 15 million d. 20 million b How many Americans report feeling that they have no one with whom to discuss important matters? a. 1 in 4 b. 1 in 3 c. 1 in 2 d. None of the above a Approximately what percent of Latino households are poor? a. 20 b. 25 c. 30 d. 35 a How many teenage female Latinas are estimated to attempt suicide? a. 1 in 2 b. 1 in 3 c. 1 in 5 d. 1 in 7 d The purpose of Healthy People 2030 is to: evaluate accomplishments for years . A health-care worker planning a research project related to teenage pregnancy in his community would include in the initial assessment the health status of the target population. Health status could be best evaluated by the examination of the birth rate, access to health care, and death rate. The health-care worker teaches a group of new parents about the "back to sleep" program, which is directed toward the reduction of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) by placing the baby on its back in the crib. Healthy People 2030 endorses the completion of a high school education primarily to enable a person to: make healthy lifestyle choices Healthy People 2030 is published by the: Department of Health and Human Services. Infant mortality rates are based on infant deaths that occur: before one year of age, per 1000 live births The health-care worker advises a young woman who is 7 weeks pregnant to include folic acid supplements in her diet in order to: reduce incidence of congenital malformations Although the life expectancy has increased, Healthy People 2030 will focus on the older adult's need for: maintenance of independent lifestyles. Information about morbidity and mortality gives the health-care worker data to identify: high-risk age groups for certain diseases or hazards. A major cause of death for children under the age of 1 year is: congenital abnormalities Guidelines for "baby-friendly" hospitals include: encouragement to breastfeed for the first year of life. The statistic widely used to compare the health status of different populations is: infant mortality rate. A health-care worker who is planning a health education program for geriatric adults based on the goals of Healthy People 2030 would include: fall prevention. The role of the professional nurse has evolved to include: forming legislation for policies and practices related to health care. Adults over the age of 65 can significantly reduce their health risk by: getting annual vaccines for influenza and pneumonia. The new topic areas in the Healthy People guidelines established in 2017 for consideration for Healthy People 2030 include: (Select all that apply.) -address structural and systemic prejudice and discrimination -develop policies and practices that promote health equity including preventative care. -create healthy physical, social and economic environments. -teen pregnancies. Criteria used to measure health-related concepts are referred to as Health indicators The life expectancy at birth in the United States is above ______ years. 80 In addition to injuries, the leading causes of death in adolescents and young adults aged 15 through 24 years are ________ and __________. homicide, suicide Changes in health-care delivery systems have been influenced primarily by: institution of various systems to provide cost-effective health care The purpose of the state/national government program of Medicaid is to provide: medical care on the basis of need or poverty. A student is preparing a report on the history of the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program would acquire the most useful information from: the Federal Register. The Human Genome Project has the potential to reduce health-care costs by assisting health-care providers to: detect illnesses before they become chronic. The Tax Equity Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 (TEFRA) established the development of: diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). The scope of practice for nursing is stipulated by the: American Nurses Association. The roles of the nurse have changed as a result of the national health-care focus on: illness prevention and health maintenance. An informed consent form requires that: the nurse signs as a witness that the patient received the necessary information. A diagnosis-related group (DRG) is: a medical condition classification system that determines what Medicare will pay for health-care services. Prospective payment systems for health-care services: provide payment based on flat predetermined rates regardless of actual cost. To conform to the national trend in health care, health-care agencies of the future may need to depend on: nurses to plan and implement self-care education programs Standards of practice are the foundations for: The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) provides for: consumer protection laws. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 caused controversy because it mandated: health-care coverage for 32 million uninsured persons. The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 provided money for the development of: (Select all that apply.) skilled nursing facilities. nursing schools. home health agencies. day care centers. The Patient Bill of Rights ensures that all patients may: (Select all that apply.) take part in treatment decisions. expect confidentiality. utilize channels for complaint. select their health-care provider. Political action committees (PACs) can influence legislation by: (Select all that apply.) contributing money to legislators. creating an awareness of the need for new legislation. providing lobbying. Cultural competence in health care is demonstrated by: adapting care to meet cultural needs. The home health-care worker is aware that the development of initiative may be delayed in a German family that practices a(n) __________ parenting style. authoritarian When caring for an 8-hour postpartum Chinese patient who adheres to the cultural philosophy that pregnancy is a "cold" condition, the health-care worker will remember to: turn up thermostat The culturally competent health-care worker helping a Hmong family dress the recently deceased family member will be careful to: prevent metal from touching the deceased. The health-care worker caring for a 3-month-old Korean child hospitalized for dehydration would ask the parents' permission prior to: assessing the fontanel. In planning the information sent to the diet kitchen for a Hindu patient, the health-care worker would make a note to prohibit: all meat dishes. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) promotes: culturally competent health care. The health-care worker assesses a new patient for the use of alternative therapies. Such remedies have become widely used because these protocols: have become very popular as they focus on health promotion. The young, female health-care worker who is giving admission information to an elderly Muslim man feels he is ignoring her because he: looks at the floor rather than at her The culturally competent health-care worker will inquire if the Native American patient would like to call his own folk healer, which is the: shaman The use of silence in conversation can mean different things depending on the culture. Silence indicates agreement in the ______________ culture. russian culture affects broad areas of discipline measures. health treatment. parenting styles. food preferences. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities include: (Select all that apply.) energy healing guided imagery physical therapy acupuncture IV therapy Family can be defined as a basic human social system. The family systems theory proposes that: family functions are interconnected, so what happens to one family member affects the entire family. The health-care worker assesses ethnocentrism in a patient when the patient says: "White Anglo-Saxons will always set the civilization standard." A Spanish-speaking 6-year-old who has started first grade in an English-speaking school spends most of her time alone and seems helpless and unable to function in this new environment. This situation as an indication of: culture shock. An example of a blended family is one made up of: a mother, her children, and the stepfather. When an Asian dinner guest startles his Western host by belching loudly to show appreciation of the meal, this behavior is an example of: culture relativsm The health-care worker would advise parents who are in the process of divorce to support their adolescent children by: encouraging their pursuit of own interests. The health-care worker designing culturally competent care will employ interventions that: go beyond the awareness of similarities and differences to implementing care that is sensitive. A mother with a 6-month-old infant says, "I want to go back to work, but I don't want there to be a problem since I'll have less time to spend with the baby." The best response should be: Let's talk about child-care options that will be best for the baby." Because age differences between siblings may affect family dynamics, there is more affection and less rivalry and hostility between siblings whose ages differ by: 5 or more years. The laissez-faire parenting style: allows children to regulate their own activity; sees parenting role as resource rather than role model. Studies suggest that viewing violent television programs or playing violent video games may cause: release of dopamine, which affects attention and learning In the launching stage of the growth and development of a family unit, the focus of the family will be on: maintaining a stable home base as children mature. Parents tell the school nurse that their second-grade child watches television about 4 hours a day. When discussing this issue with the parents, the nurse would best advise the parent that: parents need to supervise the amount and type of television programs their children watch. The culturally competent health-care worker is aware that when caring for members of a culturally diverse population, care must focus on: overcoming their own cultural barriers to avoid stereotyping. Using family development theory of Duvall as a basis, the health-care worker counsels a couple expecting their first baby that in addition to integrating the child into the family unit, the couple should examine: how they will help each other with household chores. The Family Apgar scoring system to assess family function was created by: Gabriel Smilkstein. Robert Havighurst designed a developmental theory for the learning of developmental tasks for persons of: late adulthood age. The health-care worker points out to the family of a hospitalized child evidence that the facility supports family-centered health care by such practices as: expanded or totally open visiting hours. The health-care worker uses as a basis for his or her interventions with children the developmental theory from theorist____________ which is based on the mastery of developmental tasks at specific ages. erik erikson Families who have poor communication among members, who tend to be isolated from the community, and who have inconsistent rules are labeled as dysfuctional