3/15/26, 4:07 AM Nursing Revision Guide
Nursing Examination Revision Guide
Cardiovascular & Critical Care
1. A patient in hypovolemic shock will most
likely exhibit which early sign?
A. Decreased heart rate
B. Warm flushed skin
C. Tachycardia
D. Bradycardia
Rationale: In hypovolemic shock, the body
compensates for reduced circulating volume by
increasing heart rate to maintain cardiac
output.
2. Which medication class is commonly used
file:///C:/JORAM NJERU PRIVATE PITCH/AA pdf edited/nursing_revision.html 1/
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,3/15/26, 4:07 AM Nursing Revision Guide
as first-line therapy for hypertension?
A. Beta blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Diuretics
D. Calcium channel blockers
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics reduce blood
volume and lower blood pressure.
3. Which symptom is most commonly
associated with left-sided heart failure?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Pulmonary congestion
C. Jugular vein distention
D. Hepatomegaly
Rationale: Blood backs up into the lungs
causing pulmonary congestion and dyspnea.
file:///C:/JORAM NJERU PRIVATE PITCH/AA pdf edited/nursing_revision.html 2/
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, 3/15/26, 4:07 AM Nursing Revision Guide
4. Which electrolyte imbalance increases the
risk of cardiac arrhythmias?
file:///C:/JORAM NJERU PRIVATE PITCH/AA pdf edited/nursing_revision.html 3/
22
Nursing Examination Revision Guide
Cardiovascular & Critical Care
1. A patient in hypovolemic shock will most
likely exhibit which early sign?
A. Decreased heart rate
B. Warm flushed skin
C. Tachycardia
D. Bradycardia
Rationale: In hypovolemic shock, the body
compensates for reduced circulating volume by
increasing heart rate to maintain cardiac
output.
2. Which medication class is commonly used
file:///C:/JORAM NJERU PRIVATE PITCH/AA pdf edited/nursing_revision.html 1/
22
,3/15/26, 4:07 AM Nursing Revision Guide
as first-line therapy for hypertension?
A. Beta blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Diuretics
D. Calcium channel blockers
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics reduce blood
volume and lower blood pressure.
3. Which symptom is most commonly
associated with left-sided heart failure?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Pulmonary congestion
C. Jugular vein distention
D. Hepatomegaly
Rationale: Blood backs up into the lungs
causing pulmonary congestion and dyspnea.
file:///C:/JORAM NJERU PRIVATE PITCH/AA pdf edited/nursing_revision.html 2/
22
, 3/15/26, 4:07 AM Nursing Revision Guide
4. Which electrolyte imbalance increases the
risk of cardiac arrhythmias?
file:///C:/JORAM NJERU PRIVATE PITCH/AA pdf edited/nursing_revision.html 3/
22
